Ultrasonographic measurements of femoral vessel diameter in neonates weighing less than 2.5 kg

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei‐Li Liu ◽  
Ming‐Chih Lin ◽  
Sheng‐Ching Chan ◽  
Shu‐Nung Chen ◽  
Ting‐Yu Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Femoral Vessel

Effect of pomegranate fruit supplementation on performance and various markers in athletes and active subjects: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Alicja Urbaniak ◽  
Anna Skarpańska-Stejnborn
Keyword(s):  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Pomegranate Fruit

Abstract. The aim of the study was to review recent findings on the use of POM supplements in athletes of various disciplines and physically active participants. Eleven articles published between 2010 and 2018 were included, where the total number of investigated subjects was 176. Male participants constituted the majority of the group (n = 155), as compared to females (n = 21). 45% of research described was conducted on athletes, whereas the remaining studies were based on highly active participants. Randomised, crossover, double-blind study designs constituted the majority of the experimental designs used. POM supplementation varied in terms of form (pills/juice), dosage (50 ml–500 ml) and time of intervention (7 days–2 months) between studies. Among the reviewed articles, POM supplementation had an effect on the improvement of the following: whole body strength; feeling of vitality; acute and delayed muscle fatigue and soreness; increase in vessel diameter; blood flow and serum level of TAC; reduction in the rate of increase for HR, SBP, CK and LDH; support in the recovery of post-training CK, LDH, CRP and ASAT to their baseline levels; reduction of MMP2, MMP9, hsCRP and MDA; and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase). In the majority of reviewed articles POM supplementation had a positive effect on a variety of parameters studied and the authors recommended it as a supplement for athletes and physically active bodies.

Choice of Intracoronary Imaging: When to Use Intravascular Ultrasound or Optical Coherence Tomography

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Sudheer Koganti ◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Tushar Kotecha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Intravascular Ultrasound ◽  
Coronary Stenosis ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Drug Eluting Stent ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Disease Extent ◽  
Intracoronary Imaging

Intracoronary imaging has the capability of accurately measuring vessel and stenosis dimensions, assessing vessel integrity, characterising lesion morphology and guiding optimal percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Coronary angiography used to detect and assess coronary stenosis severity has limitations. The 2D nature of fluoroscopic imaging provides lumen profile only and the assessment of coronary stenosis by visual estimation is subjective and prone to error. Performing PCI based on coronary angiography alone is inadequate for determining key metrics of the vessel such as dimension, extent of disease, and plaque distribution and composition. The advent of intracoronary imaging has offset the limitations of angiography and has shifted the paradigm to allow a detailed, objective appreciation of disease extent and morphology, vessel diameter, stent size and deployment and healing after PCI. It has become an essential tool in complex PCI, including rotational atherectomy, in follow-up of novel drug-eluting stent platforms and understanding the pathophysiology of stent failure after PCI (e.g. following stent thrombosis or in-stent restenosis). In this review we look at the two currently available and commonly used intracoronary imaging tools – intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography – and the merits of each.

FEEDBACK OF WATER STRESS ON WOOD PROPERTIES OF TREES: EXPERIMENTS WITH MISTLETOES ON RHODODENDRON ARBOREUM SM.

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan P. Devkota ◽  
Gerhard Glatzel
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Rhododendron Arboreum ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Infected Area ◽  
Anatomical Parameters

Effects of infection by the mistletoe Scurrula elata (Edgew.) Danser, on wood properties of its common host Rhododendron arboreum Sm., were studied in the Annapurna Conservation Area of Central Nepal Himalaya. Heavy infection by mistletoes invariably causes decline of the host. Infested branches show inhibition of growth, defoliation and eventual death of branch parts distal to the site of infection. Anatomical properties of wood were compared in samples of branches proximal to the infection and in uninfected branches. The hypothesis that infection induces changes in basic wood anatomy could not be proven. Vessel density, vessel area, percentage lumen area and mean vessel diameter of the wood of infested and uninfected branches did not show any significant differences. The studied anatomical parameters were not correlated to the diameter of the host branch. These results show that infection by S. elata did not cause any changes in basic wood anatomy of its host R. arboreum. It appears that the studied anatomical parameters of Rhododendron wood are fairly stable and are not changed by stress due to infection by mistletoes. The damage to the host distal to the infected area most likely results from an insufficiency of total conductive area to supply both mistletoe and host. Unfortunately we could not determine annual conductive area increment, because R arboreum does not develop usable annual tree rings in the climate of the study area. Key words: Himalayas, mistletoe. Rhododendron arboreum, Scurrula elata, water stress, wood anatomy. Ecoprint Vol.11(1) 2004.

Drug-Coated Balloons Applications in Interventional Cardiology

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-401
Author(s):  
Gianluca Rigatelli ◽  
Marco Zuin
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Cardiology ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Below The Knee ◽  
Stent Restenosis ◽  
Normal Vessel ◽  
Drug Eluting ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
And Function

Backgrounds: Drug coated balloons (DCBs) are new on stented-based anti-proliferative drug delivery systems, recently introduced in interventional cardiology. Their primary aim is to transfer an anti-proliferative drug to reduce the subsequent neo-intima hyperplasia and to maintain the normal vessel diameter and function. Methods: A review of the most recent influential studies about DCBs in all the fields of interventional cardiology has been performed. Results: As demonstrated by different studies, DCBs have different theoretical advantages over Drug Eluting Stents (DESs), especially for the treatment of some endovascular lesions, as In-Stent Restenosis (ISR), coronary bifurcations, small vessels disease and peripheral artery disease at femoropopliteal and below the knee sites. Conclusion: Despite the need of further studies are needed to elucidate the optimal use of DCBs their current use in interventional cardiology appears promising.

Energy dissipation rate in a baffled vessel with pitched blade turbine impeller

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1856-1867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdzisław Jaworski ◽  
Ivan Fořt
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Energy Dissipation Rate ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Agitated Vessel ◽  
Radial Profiles ◽  
Pitched Blade Turbine ◽  
Turbine Impeller

Mechanical energy dissipation was investigated in a cylindrical, flat bottomed vessel with four radial baffles and the pitched blade turbine impeller of varied size. This study was based upon the experimental data on the hydrodynamics of the turbulent flow of water in an agitated vessel. They were gained by means of the three-holes Pitot tube technique for three impeller-to-vessel diameter ratio d/D = 1/3, 1/4 and 1/5. The experimental results obtained for two levels below and two levels above the impeller were used in the present study. Radial profiles of the mean velocity components, static and total pressures were presented for one of the levels. Local contribution to the axial transport of the agitated charge and energy was presented. Using the assumption of the axial symmetry of the flow field the volumetric flow rates were determined for the four horizontal cross-sections. Regions of positive and negative values of the total pressure of the liquid were indicated. Energy dissipation rates in various regions of the agitated vessel were estimated in the range from 0.2 to 6.0 of the average value for the whole vessel. Hydraulic impeller efficiency amounting to about 68% was obtained. The mechanical energy transferred by the impellers is dissipated in the following ways: 54% in the space below the impeller, 32% in the impeller region, 14% in the remaining part of the agitated liquid.

scholarly journals Impact of chronic outward force on arterial responses of proximal and distal of long superficial femoral artery stent

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Li ◽  
Seung-Woon Rha ◽  
Byoung Geol Choi ◽  
Se Yeon Choi ◽  
Sang Ki Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Superficial Femoral Artery ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stent Restenosis ◽  
Histopathologic Analysis ◽  
Stent Diameter ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Self-expanding nitinol stent (SENS) implantation is commonly oversized in the superficial femoral artery (SFA), and leads to chronic outward force (COF) and in-stent restenosis (ISR). This study aimed to investigate the impact of COF of oversizing SENS on ISR of SFA. Methods In patients with implanted SENS in SFA, intimal hyperplasia especially between proximal segment and distal segment was evaluated by quantitative angiography, and the impact of COF on mid-term angiographic outcomes was investigated. In addition, porcine model with implanted SENS was used to evaluate the impact of COF on angiographic and histopathologic outcomes at 1 month. Excised stented arteries were evaluated by histopathologic analysis. Results We analyzed 65 SENS in 61 patients with follow-up angiography at 6 months to 1 year. The baseline diameter was 6.8 ± 0.71 mm and length were 97.0 ± 33.8 mm for the SENS. The ratio of the diameter of the stent to the reference vessel was 1.3 ± 0.24 at the proximal portion and 1.53 ± 0.27 at the distal portion (P < 0.001). In the long SFA stent, stent-to-vessel ratio was significantly higher in the distal stent than in the proximal stent (1.3 ± 0.2 vs. 1.55 ± 0.25, P = 0.001). ISR incidence was higher at the distal stent (37.3% vs 52.6%, P = 0.029). All 11 pigs survived for 4 weeks after SENS implantation. The vessel diameter was 4.04 ± 0.40 mm (control group) vs 4.45 ± 0.63 mm (oversized group), and the implanted stent diameter was 5.27 ± 0.46 mm vs. 7.18 ± 0.4 mm (P = 0.001). The stent-to-vessel diameter ratio was 1.31 ± 0.12 versus 1.63 ± 0.20 (P < 0.001). After 4 weeks, restenosis % was 29.5 ± 12.9% versus 46.8 ± 21.5% (P = 0.016). The neointimal area was 5.37 ± 1.15 mm2 vs. 8.53 ± 5.18 mm2 (P = 0.05). The restenosis % was 39.34 ± 8.53% versus 63.97 ± 17.1% (P = 0.001). Conclusions COF is an important cause of restenosis in the distal portion of the SFA stent. Optimal sizing of the SFA stent is important to reduce the incidence of restenosis. Therefore, COF was an important factor of restenosis following distal SFA stenting.

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