Evaluation of Stroke Volume and Ventricular Mass in a Fetal Heart Model: A Novel Four-Dimensional Echocardiographic Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1138-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meihua Zhu ◽  
Cole Streiff ◽  
Jill Panosian ◽  
David Roundhill ◽  
Michael Lapin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Fetal Heart ◽  
Heart Model ◽  
Ventricular Mass

scholarly journals Left Ventricular Mass, Stroke Volume, and Ouabain-Like Factor in Essential Hypertension

Hypertension ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Manunta ◽  
Paola Stella ◽  
Rodolfo Rivera ◽  
Daniele Ciurlino ◽  
Daniele Cusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular Mass ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Mass

MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF AN IN SITU PERFUSED HEART FROM THE TURTLE CHRYSEMYS SCRIPTA DURING NORMOXIA AND ANOXIA AT 5 C AND 15 C

1994 ◽  
Vol 191 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Farrell ◽  
C Franklin ◽  
P Arthur ◽  
H Thorarensen ◽  
K Cousins
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Perfused Heart ◽  
Inotropic Effects ◽  
Ventricular Mass

We developed an in situ perfused turtle (Chrysemys scripta) heart preparation to study its intrinsic mechanical properties at 5°C and 15°C using normoxic and anoxic perfusion conditions. The in situ preparation proved durable and stable. At 15°C and a spontaneous heart rate of 23.4 beats min-1, maximum stroke volume was 2.54 ml kg-1 body mass, maximum cardiac output was 62.5 ml min-1 kg-1 and maximum cardiac myocardial power output was 1.50 mW g-1 ventricular mass. There was good agreement between these values and those previously obtained in vivo. Furthermore, since the maximum stroke volume observed here was numerically equivalent to that observed in ventilating C. scripta in vivo, it seems likely that C. scripta has little scope to increase stroke volume to a level much beyond that observed in the resting animal through intrinsic mechanisms alone. The ability of the perfused turtle heart to maintain stroke volume when diastolic afterload was raised (homeometric regulation) was relatively poor. At 5°C, the spontaneous heart rate (8.1 beats min-1) was threefold lower and homeometric regulation was impaired, but maximum stroke volume (2.25 ml kg-1) was not significantly reduced compared with the value at 15°C. The significantly lower maximum values for cardiac output (18.9 ml min-1 kg-1) and power output (0.39 mW g-1 ventricular mass) at 5°C were largely related to pronounced negative chronotropy with only a relatively small negative inotropy. Anoxia had weak negative chronotropic effects and marked negative inotropic effects at both temperatures. Negative inotropy affected pressure development to a greater degree than maximum flow and this difference was more pronounced at 5°C than at 15°C. The maximum anoxic cardiac power output value at 15°C (0.77 mW g-1 ventricular mass) was not that different from values previously obtained for the performance of anoxic rainbow trout and hagfish hearts. In view of this, we conclude that the ability of turtles to overwinter under anoxic conditions depends more on their ability to reduce cardiac work to a level that can be supported through glycolysis than on their cardiac glycolytic potential being exceptional.

scholarly journals Effect of haemodynamic and metabolic predictors on echocardiographic left ventricular mass in non-diabetic hypertensive patients

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
N Gupta ◽  
P Karki ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
N Shrestha ◽  
P Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Ventricular Mass ◽  
Lv Mass

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy is a forerunner of coronary heart disease, congestive cardiac failure, stroke and may also lead to sudden death. Estimation of left ventricular mass by echocardiography offers prognostic information better than the evaluation of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relative contributions of haemodynamic and metabolic factors affecting left ventricular mass in non-diabetic patients with essential hypertension. Material and methods: 100 non-diabetic hypertensive patients were taken. The association between age, gender, smoking, alcohol, height, weight, heart rate, clinic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, haemoglobin, body mass index and stroke volume with LV mass was studied. Left ventricular mass was measured by using standard M-mode echocardiography measurement obtained by way of standard recommended by the American Society of Echocardiography. Results: Left ventricular mass was analyzed as a continuous variable. In males body mass index (r=.35, p<.004) and stroke volume(r=-.26, p<.039) were significantly correlated with LV mass. In females body weight was significantly related to left ventricular mass(r=.36, p<.02). The independent association between significant factors and left ventricular mass was assessed by stepwise multivariate logistic regression. Body mass index and systolic blood pressure came as independent determinants of left ventricular mass in all patients. A maximum of 13% of left ventricular mass variability could be explained by these two factors. Conclusion: In untreated patients with hypertension patient's body mass index and systolic blood pressure are independent predictors of left ventricular mass after adjustment for other haemodynamic and metabolic factors. They explain a maximum of 13% of left ventricular mass variability. More knowledge is needed about factors that may alter cardiac morphology in the evolution of hypertensive patients. Key words: Echocardiography; Haemodynamic; Metabolic Factors; Left Ventricular Mass; Non-diabetic; Hypertensive DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i2.3553 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2010), Vol. 8, No. 2, Issue 30, 173-178

scholarly journals Marinobufagenin and left ventricular mass in young adults: The African-PREDICT study

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 1587-1595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michél Strauss ◽  
Wayne Smith ◽  
Ruan Kruger ◽  
Wen Wei ◽  
Olga V Fedorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular Mass ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
End Diastolic Volume ◽  
Ventricular Mass ◽  
Predict Study

Background The endogenous steroidal inhibitor of sodium–potassium-dependent adenosine triphosphate and natriuretic hormone, marinobufagenin, plays a physiological role in ionic homeostasis. Animal models suggest that elevated marinobufagenin adversely associates with cardiac and renal, structural and functional alterations. It remains uncertain whether marinobufagenin relates to the early stages of target organ damage development, especially in young adults without cardiovascular disease. We therefore explored whether elevated 24-hour urinary marinobufagenin excretion was related to indices of subclinical target organ damage in young healthy adults. Design This cross-sectional study included 711 participants from the African-PREDICT study (black 51%, men 42%, 24.8 ± 3.02 years). Methods We assessed cardiac geometry and function by two-dimensional echocardiography and pulse wave Doppler imaging. 24-Hour urinary marinobufagenin and sodium excretion were measured, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate determined. Results Across marinobufagenin excretion quartiles, left ventricular mass ( P < 0.001), end diastolic volume ( P < 0.001), stroke volume ( P = 0.004) and sodium excretion ( P < 0.001) were higher within the fourth compared with the first quartile. Partial regression analyses indicated that left ventricular mass ( r = 0.08, P = 0.043), end diastolic volume ( r = 0.10, P = 0.010) and stroke volume ( r = 0.09, P = 0.022) were positively related to marinobufagenin excretion. In multivariate-adjusted regression analysis, left ventricular mass associated positively with marinobufagenin excretion only in the highest marinobufagenin excretion quartile (adjusted R2 = 0.20; β = 0.15; P = 0.043). This relationship between left ventricular mass and marinobufagenin excretion was evident in women (adjusted R2 = 0.06; β = 0.127; P = 0.015) but not in men (adjusted R2 = 0.06; β = 0.007; P = 0.92). Conclusions Left ventricular mass positively and independently associates with marinobufagenin excretion in young healthy adults with excessively high marinobufagenin excretion. Women may be more sensitive to the effects of marinobufagenin on early structural cardiac changes.

scholarly journals Biomechanics of Human Fetal Hearts with Critical Aortic Stenosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Wei Ong ◽  
Meifeng Ren ◽  
Hadi Wiputra ◽  
Joy Mojumder ◽  
Wei Xuan Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Fetal Heart ◽  
Birth Outcome ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Fe Modelling ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Critical Aortic Stenosis ◽  
4D Ultrasound

Abstract Critical aortic stenosis (AS) of the fetal heart causes a drastic change in the cardiac biomechanical environment. Consequently, a substantial proportion of such cases will lead to a single-ventricular birth outcome. However, the biomechanics of the disease is not well understood. To address this, we performed Finite Element (FE) modelling of the healthy fetal left ventricle (LV) based on patient-specific 4D ultrasound imaging, and simulated various disease features observed in clinical fetal AS to understand their biomechanical impact. These features included aortic stenosis, mitral regurgitation (MR) and LV hypertrophy, reduced contractility, and increased myocardial stiffness. AS was found to elevate LV pressures and myocardial stresses, and depending on severity, can drastically decrease stroke volume and myocardial strains. These effects are moderated by MR. AS alone did not lead to MR velocities above 3 m/s unless LV hypertrophy was included, suggesting that hypertrophy may be involved in clinical cases with high MR velocities. LV hypertrophy substantially elevated LV pressure, valve flow velocities and stroke volume, while reducing LV contractility resulted in diminished LV pressure, stroke volume and wall strains. Typical extent of hypertrophy during fetal AS in the clinic, however, led to excessive LV pressure and valve velocity in the FE model, suggesting that reduced contractility is typically associated with hypertrophy. Increased LV passive stiffness, which might represent fibroelastosis, was found to have minimal impact on LV pressures, stroke volume, and wall strain. This suggested that fibroelastosis could be a by-product of the disease progression and does not significantly impede cardiac function. Our study demonstrates that FE modelling is a valuable tool for elucidating the biomechanics of congenital heart disease and can calculate parameters which are difficult to measure, such as intraventricular pressure and myocardial stresses.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF CIRCUMFERENTIAL AND LONGITUDINAL STRAIN IN A RABBIT FETAL HEART MODEL USING 4D ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. A1192
Author(s):  
David J. Sahn ◽  
Angela Han ◽  
Lydia Tam ◽  
Vineet Apte ◽  
Zhijun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Fetal Heart ◽  
Heart Model

scholarly journals Fetal heart ventricular mass obtained by STIC acquisition combined with inversion mode and VOCAL

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Messing ◽  
S. M. Cohen ◽  
D. V. Valsky ◽  
O. Shen ◽  
D. Rosenak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Heart ◽  
Inversion Mode ◽  
Ventricular Mass
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