scholarly journals Migration when Social Preferences are Ordinal: Steady-state Population Distribution and Social Welfare

Economica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (336) ◽  
pp. 647-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oded Stark
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
State Population

scholarly journals Distributive Justice, Public Policies and the Comparison of Legal Rules: Quantify the “Price of Equity”

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Fabbri ◽  
Diogo GC Britto
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Social Welfare Function ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Aggregation Methods ◽  
Equity And Efficiency ◽  
Special Circumstances ◽  
Total Wealth

Abstract This paper proposes a quantitative approach to study two methodological problems arising when a costly redistribution of resources is implemented through public policies or legal rules: (a) aggregating individual into social preferences and (b) choosing the object of maximization. We consider a redistribution intervention that reduces inequality but diminishes total wealth and we specify a set of social welfare functions combining different preferences aggregation methods and maximands. For each social welfare function, we calculate its “price of equity”, defined as the maximum fraction of total wealth that a society is willing to sacrifice in order to implement the redistribution. Comparing the prices for equity across different social welfare function specifications, we identify systematic relationships and we rank them according to the efficiency-equity orientation. Results show that social welfare functions characterized by aggregation methods conventionally considered equity-oriented may reject redistribution interventions that are evaluated as welfare-improving by social welfare functions using efficiency-oriented aggregation methods. Similarly, social welfare functions considered equity-oriented because using utility as object of maximization may reject distributive policies that are evaluated as welfare-improving by social welfare functions using wealth as maximand. We argue that the quantitative approach proposed, by expounding the trade-off between equity and efficiency connected to different social welfare functions, may prove useful in areas of public law where policy-makers have to engage in the choice of a normative criterion for the evaluation of social welfare. Additionally, our results may inform rule-makers interested in comparing the distributive effects of alternative legal rules in special circumstances where private remedies can efficiently achieve redistribution goals.

Optimal control of growth coefficient on a steady-state population model

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 688-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ding ◽  
H. Finotti ◽  
S. Lenhart ◽  
Y. Lou ◽  
Q. Ye
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Population Model ◽  
Growth Coefficient ◽  
State Population

scholarly journals A Note on Migration Perturbation and Convergence Rates to a Steady State

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Lawrence Edward Blume ◽  
Aleksandra Andreevna Lukina
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Population Model ◽  
Convergence Rates ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Distribution Vector ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Brain

Using tools developed in the Markov chains literature, we study convergence times in the Leslie population model in the short and middle run. Assuming that the population is in a steady-state and reproduces itself period after period, we address the following question: how long will it take to get back to the steady-state if the population distribution vector was affected by some shock as, for instance, the “brain drain”? We provide lower and upper bounds for the time required to reach a given distance from the steady-state.

Constraints on the relative sizes of the cell populations in Hydra attenuata

1977 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-50
Author(s):  
H.R. Bode ◽  
K.M. Flick ◽  
P.M. Bode
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Relative Population ◽  
State Population ◽  
Average Population ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Hydra Attenuata ◽  
Average Population Size

The steady-state relative population sizes of the several cell populations in Hydra attenuata were examined. In contrast to the constant average population size ratios between groups of animals, these ratios vary within limits between individual animals within a group. By maintaining animals on different feeding regimes (number of shrimp larvae ingested per day), the steady-state population size ratios were altered. The kinds of changes that occurred in these ratios suggest where controls may be operating to maintain the steady-state population sizes.

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