scholarly journals Family history of cancer in first degree relatives and risk of cancer of unknown primary

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander L. R. Grewcock ◽  
Karlijn E. P. E. Hermans ◽  
Matty P. Weijenberg ◽  
Piet A. Brandt ◽  
Caroline Loef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Cancer Of Unknown Primary ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Family History Of Cancer ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
History Of ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
History Of Cancer

scholarly journals Mortality and Risk of Cancer After Prophylactic Bilateral Oophorectomy in Women With a Family History of Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Abildgaard ◽  
Magnus Glindvad Ahlström ◽  
Gedske Daugaard ◽  
Dorte Lisbet Nielsen ◽  
Anette Tønnes Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Bilateral Oophorectomy ◽  
Family History Of Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
History Of Cancer

Abstract Background Current international guidelines recommend systemic hormone therapy (HT) to oophorectomized women until the age of natural menopause. Despite an inherited predisposition to estrogen-dependent malignancies, the guidelines also apply to women oophorectomized because of a family history of cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of HT on mortality and risk of cancer in women oophorectomized because of a family history of cancer. Methods A nationwide, population-based cohort was used to study women oophorectomized because of a family history of cancer (n = 2002). Comparison cohorts included women from the background population individually matched on age (n = 18 018). Oophorectomized women were subdivided into three groups: oophorectomized at 1) age 45 years or younger not using HT, 2) age 45 years or younger using HT, 3) older than age 45 years, and their respective population comparison cohorts. Results Women oophorectomized at age 45 years or younger using HT had increased overall mortality (mortality rate ratio [MRR] = 3.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.53 to 7.79), mortality because of cancer (MRR = 5.67, 95% CI = 1.86 to 17.34), and risk of overall cancer (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 3.68, 95% CI = 1.93 − 6.98), primarily reflected in an increased risk of breast cancer (IRR = 4.88, 95% CI = 2.19 − 10.68). Women oophorectomized at age 45 years or younger not using HT and women oophorectomized at older than age 45 years did not have increased mortality, mortality because of cancer, or risk of overall cancer, but they had increased risk of breast cancer (IRR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.14 to 6.13, and IRR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.14 to 2.59, respectively). Conclusions Use of HT in women oophorectomized at age 45 years or younger with a family history of cancer is associated with increased mortality and risk of overall cancer and breast cancer. Our study warrants further investigation to establish the impact of HT on mortality and cancer risk in oophorectomized women with a family history of cancer.

Germline mutations in Brazilian pancreatic carcinoma patients.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16749-e16749
Author(s):  
Livia Munhoz Rodrigues ◽  
Simone Maistro ◽  
Maria Lucia Hirata Katayama ◽  
Luiz A.Senna Leite ◽  
Joao Glasberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Family History ◽  
Pancreatic Carcinoma ◽  
Germline Mutations ◽  
Family History Of Cancer ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Pathogenic Variants ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

e16749 Background: Pancreatic cancer has the prospect of becoming the second leading cause of cancer death by 2030. The NCCN Guidelines recommend genetic testing for all patients with pancreatic cancer, however, the spectrum of germline mutations has not been extensively evaluated because recent studies with genetic testing have explored only a limited number of genes and have focused predominantly on Caucasian populations. Therefore, our objective is to evaluate the frequency and spectrum of germline mutations in unselected patients with pancreatic cancer in a multiethnic population. Methods: Patients from Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (Brazil) with histopathological diagnosis of non-endocrine pancreatic carcinoma were included, regardless of the family history of cancer. These patients answered a life habits and family history of cancer questionnaire and supplied blood for the Next Generation Sequencing (MiSeq platform) with the TruSight Hereditary Cancer panel (Illumina), which includes 115 cancer predisposing genes. Variant analysis was performed with the VarStation, a Brazilian tool that offers post-sequencing computational support and aid for clinical interpretation. Results: To the present moment, 77 patients were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 62 years (27-83), among whom, 13% with young age (≤50 years) and 47 women (61%). Thirty-eight patients (49%) reported cases of cancer in first-degree relatives. Regarding risk factors, 41 patients (53%) reported smoking, 19 (25%) alcohol ingestion and 20 (26%) had obesity. Seven out of 77 patients presented pathogenic variants in ATM (n = 2) , CHEK2, FANCM (n = 2) or PALB2 (n = 2) genes. Two of these patients ( CHEK2 and FANCM) had early onset pancreatic cancer (≤45 years), both denied smoking habit and family history of cancer in 1st degree relatives. Two patients, who were ATM mutation carriers, reported 1st or 2nd degree relatives with cancer and are alive after 4 and 8 years of diagnosis. Conclusions: In this unselected group of pancreatic cancer patients, 15% were young, almost half reported first-degree relatives with cancer and 9% were carriers of pathogenic variants in genes related with the homologous recombination DNA repair.

Increased Risk Of Brain Tumors Among First-Degree Relatives Of Patients With Therapy-Related Myelodysplasia and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (t-MDS/AML)

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 5228-5228
Author(s):  
Patrick Halliday ◽  
Alysia Bosworth ◽  
Can-Lan Sun ◽  
Tongjun Kang ◽  
Lindsey Hageman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Excess Risk ◽  
Family History Of Cancer ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

Abstract Background t-MDS/AML is a leading cause of non-relapse mortality among patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (aHCT) for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). A combination of therapeutic exposures prior to aHCT, aHCT-related conditioning regimens, peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and post-aHCT hematopoietic regeneration contribute to the development of t-MDS/AML. However, significant inter-individual variability is observed despite similar therapeutic exposures. This inter-individual variability could possibly be explained by low-penetrance, high-prevalence polymorphisms in genes involved in DNA damage and repair. On the other hand, a small but quantifiable fraction of the inter-individual variability observed in the risk of t-MDS/AML (in the context of comparable genotoxic exposures) could be attributable to the familial predisposition to cancer that is associated with rare polymorphisms in high-penetrance genes – an area that has not been explored thus far. Methods This study aimed to describe the excess risk of specific cancers among first-degree relatives of HL/NHL patients with t-MDS/AML after aHCT compared to first-degree relatives of HL/NHL patients without t-MDS/AML. We have constructed a prospective, longitudinal cohort of patients undergoing aHCT for HL and NHL, where patients are followed from pre-aHCT to 10 yrs post-aHCT (period of risk for t-MDS/AML) allowing for complete ascertainment of t-MDS/AML cases. Study participants were invited to complete a family history questionnaire. Probands with at least one sibling, parent or offspring with cancer were defined as having a positive family history of cancer. Person-yrs at risk for the cohort of relatives were determined from birth to the development of cancer, death or date of questionnaire completion (whichever occurred first). Person-yrs at risk were stratified by age, sex and calendar yr and applied to SEER registry data to yield expected numbers of each type of cancer to compute standardized incidence ratios (SIR: observed/expected) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for cancer incidence in first-degree relatives of probands with and without t-MDS/AML. Results The 446 HL/NHL patients in the cohort reported on 2,664 first-degree relatives, yielding 130,578 person-yrs of follow up. A positive family history of cancer was reported by 103 patients, with 370 incidences of cancer. When stratified by t-MDS/AML status, a positive family history of cancer was identified in 15 of 64 patients with t-MDS/AML (23%) vs. 88 of 382 (23%) patients without t-MDS/AML, yielding an overall SIR of 1.09 (0.82-1.42) for relatives of HL/NHL patients with t-MDS/AML vs. 1.01 (0.89-1.13) for relatives of HL/NHL patients without t-MDS/AML (p=0.60) (Table). However, examination of risk by family history of specific cancer type demonstrated an excess risk of brain tumors among relatives of HL/NHL patients with t-MDS/AML (SIR=5.27, 95% CI, 1.89-11.31) as opposed to relatives of lymphoma patients without t-MDS/AML (SIR=1.55, 95% CI, 0.71-2.89, p=0.03) (Table). This excess risk was contributed to largely by brain tumors among fathers of patients with t-MDS/AML (SIR=5.84, 95% CI, 0.97-18.05) when compared with fathers of patients without t-MDS/AML (SIR=1.05, 95% CI, 0.18-3.27, p=0.09). Conclusions This study demonstrates an excess risk of brain tumors among first-degree relatives (and in particular fathers) of HL/NHL patients with t-MDS/AML after aHCT, as compared to HL/NHL patients without t-MDS/AML. This information may serve as a basis for the discovery of underlying genetic predisposition syndromes as well as specific genes responsible for their development. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Family history of cancer and subsequent risk of cancer: A large‐scale population‐based prospective study in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihisa Hidaka ◽  
Norie Sawada ◽  
Thomas Svensson ◽  
Atsushi Goto ◽  
Taiki Yamaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Family History Of Cancer ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
History Of ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
History Of Cancer ◽  
Subsequent Risk

scholarly journals Family history of cancer and the risk of cancer: a network of case–control studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2651-2656 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Turati ◽  
V. Edefonti ◽  
C. Bosetti ◽  
M. Ferraroni ◽  
M. Malvezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Family History Of Cancer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
History Of Cancer

scholarly journals Family history of cancer in first-degree relatives and risk of gastric cancer and its precursors in a Western population

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minkyo Song ◽  
M. Constanza Camargo ◽  
Stephanie J. Weinstein ◽  
Ana F. Best ◽  
Satu Männistö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Western Population ◽  
Family History Of Cancer ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

scholarly journals Familial Risks and Mortality in Second Primary Cancers in Melanoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhayan Chattopadhyay ◽  
Akseli Hemminki ◽  
Asta Försti ◽  
Kristina Sundquist ◽  
Jan Sundquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cancer Site ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Second Primary Cancers ◽  
Family History Of Cancer ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

AbstractBackgroundMalignant melanoma (MM) patients are at increasing risk of developing second primary cancers (SPCs). We assessed mortality and risk of SPCs in MM patients with siblings or parents affected with same cancer compared with that of the general population.MethodsWe used the Swedish Family-Cancer Database to assess relative risks (RRs) and causes of death in SPCs until 2015 in patients with a MM diagnosis between 1958 and 2015. We identified 35 451patients with MM among whom 3212 received a subsequent diagnosis of SPC. RRs of SPCs after MM diagnosis were calculated stratifying over concordant family history of cancer in first-degree relatives.ResultsFamilial RRs were increased for second melanoma (RR = 19.28, 95% CI = 16.71 to 22.25), squamous cell skin cancer (RR = 7.58, 95% CI = 5.57 to 10.29), leukemia (RR = 5.69, 95% CI = 2.96 to 10.94), bladder (RR = 4.15, 95% CI = 2.50 to 6.89), ovarian (RR = 3.89, 95% CI = 1.46 to 10.37), kidney cancer (RR = 3.77, 95% CI = 1.57 to 9.06), cancer of unknown primary (RR = 3.67, 95% CI = 1.65 to 8.16), nervous system (RR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.20 to 6.93), breast (RR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.92 to 2.84), lung (RR = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.50 to 3.35), and prostate cancer (RR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.89 to 2.61) with statistical significance. For all cancers, familial RR was in excess (2.09, 95% CI = 2.02 to 2.16 vs 1.78, 95% CI = 1.69 to 1.87; Ptrend < .0001). Cause of death in MM patients with SPC is shown to be dependent on the cancer site though SPCs contributed to majority of deaths.ConclusionsSPCs appear higher with prior family history of cancer and contribute to mortality. SPC was the most common cause of death in patients with SPC and is almost uniformly the major contributing cause of death for all cancer sites. For improved survival in MM patients, prevention and early detection of SPCs would be important.

scholarly journals Frequency of Cancer in First-Degree Relatives of Patients with Cleft Lip and/or Palate in the Brazilian Population

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Santos Lima ◽  
Matheus de Oliveira Silverio ◽  
Mario Sergio Oliveira Swerts ◽  
Sibele Nascimento de Aquino ◽  
Daniella Reis Barbosa Martelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Family History Of Cancer ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

Congenital malformations and cancer may share common etiological factors and the association between nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) and cancers has been observed in different studies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of cancer in relatives of patients with NSCL/P. This investigation was a cross-sectional, case-controlled study, evaluating 358 patients with NSCL/P treated at a Referral Center for craniofacial deformities (case group) and 358 patients without craniofacial alterations (control group). Information concerning the gender, age and family history of cancer in first-degree relatives for both groups was obtained. The frequency of cancer was 6.4% (n=46) in the studied population, with 18 subjects in the case group (5%) and 28 (7.8%) in control. In both groups, the most frequently reported cases were those of breast, colorectal, stomach, prostate and uterus cancers, but there was no association between the two groups. There was no association with a family history of cancer among the first-degree relatives (odds ratio=0.62; 95% IC: 0.34 to 1.15), neither when the analysis was made by type of cancer. In conclusion, both epidemiological and genetic studies have suggested common etiological factors for NSCL/P and cancer. However, in this population-based study, no association between cancer and NSCL/P could be confirmed.

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