Short-term effects of a low carbohydrate diet on glycaemic variables and cardiovascular risk markers in patients with type 1 diabetes: A randomized open-label crossover trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1479-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajenthen Ranjan ◽  
Signe Schmidt ◽  
Camilla Damm-Frydenberg ◽  
Jens Juul Holst ◽  
Sten Madsbad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

scholarly journals Management of Type 1 Diabetes With a Very Low–Carbohydrate Diet: A Word of Caution

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. e20181536B ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis ◽  
Lori M. Laffel ◽  
John B. Buse
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

scholarly journals Management of Type 1 Diabetes With a Very Low–Carbohydrate Diet

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
pp. e20173349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda S. Lennerz ◽  
Anna Barton ◽  
Richard K. Bernstein ◽  
R. David Dikeman ◽  
Carrie Diulus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

Introducing a very low carbohydrate diet for a child with type 1 diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (15) ◽  
pp. 1015-1019
Author(s):  
Caroline de Souza Bosco Paiva ◽  
Maria Helena Melo Lima
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitors

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a serious autoimmune disease for which no cure is available. The treatment includes insulin therapy, carbohydrate counting, eating healthy foods, exercising regularly, and maintaining a healthy weight. The goal is to keep blood glucose levels close to normal most of the time to delay or prevent complications. Despite the increase in the use of insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitors in recent years, the management of type 1 diabetes remains suboptimal in terms of glycaemic control and normal glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level. This article discusses the case of a child with type 1 diabetes who was successfully treated with a very low-carbohydrate diet, resulting in normal levels of HbA1c and normal blood glucose 95% of the time in a range of 70–180 mg/dL (4.0 mmol/L−10 mmol/L). Therefore, further studies are needed to verify how a very low carbohydrate diet impacts child development.

scholarly journals Changes in the lipidome in type 1 diabetes following low carbohydrate diet: a randomized crossover trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naba Al-Sari ◽  
Signe Schmidt ◽  
Tommi Suvitaival ◽  
Min Kim ◽  
Kajetan Trost ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Before And After

Aims/hypothesis: Lipid metabolism might be compromised in type 1 diabetes and the understanding of their physiology is critically important. This study aimed to compare the change in plasma lipid concentrations during carbohydrate dietary changes in individuals with type 1 diabetes and identify predictive biomarkers and early-stage pathophysiology for dyslipidaemia. We hypothesized that: (1) the lipidomics profiles before and after ingesting low or high carbohydrate diet for 12 weeks would be different; and (2) specific annotated lipid species would have significant associations with metabolic outcomes. Methods: Ten adults with type 1 diabetes (mean+/-SD: age 43.6+/-13.8 years, diabetes duration 24.5+/-13.4 years, BMI 24.9+/-2.1 kg/m2, HbA1c 57.67+/-2.6 mmol/mol) using insulin pumps participated in a randomized 2-period crossover study with a 12-week intervention period of low carbohydrate diet (< 100 g carbohydrates/day) or high carbohydrate diet (> 250 g carbohydrates/day) respectively, separated by a 12-week washout period. A large-scale non-targeted lipidomics was performed with mass spectrometry for fasting plasma samples obtained before and after each diet intervention. Logitudinal lipid levels were analysed using linear mixed-effects models. Results: In total, 289 lipid species were identified from 14 major lipid classes (triacylglycerides, phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, hexosyl-ceramide, sphingomyelins, lyso-phosphatidylcholines, ceramides, lactosyl-ceramide, lyso-phoshatidylethanolamine, free fatty acids, phosphatidylinositols, phosphatidylglycerols, phosphatidylserines and sulfatides). Comparing the two diets, 11 lipid species belonging to sphingomyelins, phosphatidylcholines and LPC(O-16:0) were changed. All the 11 lipid species were significantly elevated during low carbohydrate diet. Two lipid species were most differentiated between diets, namely SM(d36:1) (B+/-SE: 1.44+/-0.28, FDR = 0.010) and PC(P-36:4)/PC(O-36:5) (B+/-SE: 1.34+/-0.25, FDR = 0.009) species. Poly-unsaturated PC(35:4) was inversely associated with BMI and positively associated with HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001). Conclusion/interpretation: Lipidome-wide outcome analysis of a randomized cross-over trial of individuals with type 1 diabetes following a low carbohydrate diet showed an increase in sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholines which are thought to reduce dyslipidaemia. The poly-unsaturated phosphatidylcholine 35:4 was inversely associated with BMI and positively associated with HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001). Results from this study warrant for more investigation on the long-term effect of PC(35:4) lipid-species in lipid homeostasis in type 1 diabetes. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02888691 Keywords Biomarker ∙ Cardiovascular disease ∙ Dyslipidaemia ∙ Lipidomics ∙ Low carbohydrate diet ∙ Randomized trial ∙ Type 1 diabetes.

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