scholarly journals Cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality associated with sulphonylureas compared with other antihyperglycaemic drugs: A Bayesian meta-analysis of survival data

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Bain ◽  
Eric Druyts ◽  
Chakrapani Balijepalli ◽  
Carl A. Baxter ◽  
Craig J. Currie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Data ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Antihyperglycaemic Drugs

scholarly journals Cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in surgically or medically treated primary aldosteronism: A Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 147032032110037
Author(s):  
Ying Jing ◽  
Kangla Liao ◽  
Ruolin Li ◽  
Shumin Yang ◽  
Ying Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Primary Endpoints ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Reduced Risk

Objectives: To compare the effect of surgical or medical treatment on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and all-cause mortality in patients with established primary aldosteronism (PA). Methods: We searched PUBMED, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library for the meta-analysis. We included patients who were diagnosed with PA following guideline-supported protocols and received surgery or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA)-based medical treatment, and age-sex matched patients with treated essential hypertension (EH). Primary endpoints were CVD incidence and all-cause mortality. Results: Compared with EH, patients with treated PA had a higher risk of CVD [odds ratio (OR) 1.79; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.39–2.31]. This elevated risk was only observed in patients with medically treated PA [OR 2.11; 95%CI 1.88–2.38] but not in those with surgically treated PA. The risk of all-cause mortality was significantly lower in patients with treated PA [OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.77–0.95] compared to EH. The reduced risk was only observed in patients with surgically treated PA [OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.34–0.66], but not in those with medically treated PA. Conclusions: Patients with medically treated PA have a higher risk of CVD compared to patients with EH. Surgical treatment of PA reduces the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality in patients with PA.

Fried-food consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Heart ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. heartjnl-2020-317883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Qin ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Minghui Han ◽  
Dechen Liu ◽  
Xinping Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Fried Food ◽  
Major Cardiovascular Events ◽  
All Cause Mortality

ObjectiveWe performed a meta-analysis, including dose–response analysis, to quantitatively determine the association of fried-food consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in the general adult population.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science for all articles before 11 April 2020. Random-effects models were used to estimate the summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs.ResultsIn comparing the highest with lowest fried-food intake, summary RRs (95% CIs) were 1.28 (1.15 to 1.43; n=17, I2=82.0%) for major cardiovascular events (prospective: 1.24 (1.12 to 1.38), n=13, I2=75.7%; case–control: 1.91 (1.15 to 3.17), n=4, I2=92.1%); 1.22 (1.07 to 1.40; n=11, I2=77.9%) for coronary heart disease (prospective: 1.16 (1.05 to 1.29), n=8, I2=44.6%; case–control: 1.91 (1.05 to 3.47), n=3, I2=93.9%); 1.37 (0.97 to 1.94; n=4, I2=80.7%) for stroke (cohort: 1.21 (0.87 to 1.69), n=3, I2=77.3%; case–control: 2.01 (1.27 to 3.19), n=1); 1.37 (1.07 to 1.75; n=4, I2=80.0%) for heart failure; 1.02 (0.93 to 1.14; n=3, I2=27.3%) for cardiovascular mortality; and 1.03 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.12; n=6, I2=38.0%) for all-cause mortality. The association was linear for major cardiovascular events, coronary heart disease and heart failure.ConclusionsFried-food consumption may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and presents a linear dose–response relation. However, the high heterogeneity and potential recall and misclassification biases for fried-food consumption from the original studies should be considered.

scholarly journals Prognostic Impact of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo-Ming Huang ◽  
Wen-Rong Chen ◽  
Qi-Wen Su ◽  
Zhuo-Wen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Impact

Background: The metabolic syndrome (MS) is significantly associated with the risk of incident heart failure (HF). However, there are still great controversies about the impact of MS on the prognosis in patients with established HF. This meta-analysis aimed to ascertain the effect of MS on the prognosis in patients with HF.Methods: We searched multiple electronic databases, including PubMed, Opengrey, EMBASE, and Cochran Library, for potential studies up to February 15, 2021. Observational studies that reported the impact of MS on the prognosis in patients with established HF were included for meta-analysis.Results: Ten studies comprising 18,590 patients with HF were included for meta-analysis. The median follow-up duration of the included studies was 2.4 years. Compared with HF patients without MS, the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality was not increased in HF with MS (HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.88–1.23 for all-cause mortality; HR = 1.66, 95% CI = 0.56–4.88 for cardiovascular mortality, respectively). However, there was a significant increase in composited cardiovascular events in the HF patients with MS compared with those without MS (HR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.23–2.45).Conclusions: In patients with established HF, the presence of MS did not show an association on the risk of all-cause mortality or cardiovascular mortality, while it may increase the risk of composite cardiovascular events.

scholarly journals Efficacy of statin treatment based on cardiovascular outcomes in elderly patients: a standard meta-analysis and Bayesian network analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 030006052092634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuannan Zhai ◽  
Kai Hou ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
YueCheng Hu ◽  
JingXia Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Comparative Effect ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Central Database

Objective Statins have been shown to be beneficial for the prevention of cardiovascular events. In elderly individuals, the efficacy of statins remains controversial and the comparative effect of statins has not been assessed. Methods MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central database were searched for randomized controlled trials that assessed statins in older patients. Results Seventeen trials were analyzed. When used for secondary prevention, statins were associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, revascularization, and stroke. When used for primary prevention, statins reduced the risk of myocardial infarction and revascularization, but did not significantly affect other outcomes. A modest difference between pharmaceutical statin products was found, and high-quality evidence indicated that intensive atorvastatin had the greatest benefits for secondary prevention. Conclusions In secondary prevention, evidence strongly suggests that statins are associated with a reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, and revascularization. However, differences in the effects of various statins do not appear to have significant effects on therapy in secondary prevention for the elderly.

A Bayesian network meta-analysis of PCSK9 inhibitors, statins and ezetimibe with or without statins for cardiovascular outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 844-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safi U Khan ◽  
Swapna Talluri ◽  
Haris Riaz ◽  
Hammad Rahman ◽  
Fahad Nasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Pcsk9 Inhibitors ◽  
Adverse Cardiovascular Event ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Background The comparative effects of statins, ezetimibe with or without statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors remain unassessed. Design Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted to compare treatment groups. Methods Thirty-nine randomized controlled trials were selected using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL (inception – September 2017). Results In network meta-analysis of 189,116 patients, PCSK9 inhibitors were ranked as the best treatment for prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events (Surface Under Cumulative Ranking Curve (SUCRA), 85%), myocardial infarction (SUCRA, 84%) and stroke (SUCRA, 80%). PCSK9 inhibitors reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events compared with ezetimibe + statin (odds ratio (OR): 0.72; 95% credible interval (CrI), 0.55–0.95; Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria: moderate), statin (OR: 0.78; 95% CrI: 0.62–0.97; GRADE: moderate) and placebo (OR: 0.63; 95% CrI: 0.49–0.79; GRADE: high). The PCSK9 inhibitors were consistently superior to groups for major adverse cardiovascular event reduction in secondary prevention trials (SUCRA, 95%). Statins had the highest probability of having lowest rates of all-cause mortality (SUCRA, 82%) and cardiovascular mortality (SUCRA, 84%). Compared with placebo, statins reduced the risk of all-cause mortality (OR: 0.88; 95% CrI: 0.83–0.94; GRADE: moderate) and cardiovascular mortality (OR: 0.84; 95% CrI: 0.77–0.90; GRADE: high). For cardiovascular mortality, PCSK9 inhibitors were ranked as the second best treatment (SUCRA, 78%) followed by ezetimibe + statin (SUCRA, 50%). Conclusion PCSK9 inhibitors were ranked as the most effective treatment for reducing major adverse cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, without having major safety concerns. Statins were ranked as the most effective therapy for reducing mortality.

scholarly journals Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events: multi-database retrospective cohort study

BMJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. m3342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian B Filion ◽  
Lisa M Lix ◽  
Oriana HY Yu ◽  
Sophie Dell’Aniello ◽  
Antonios Douros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibitors ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Objective To compare the risk of cardiovascular events between sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors among people with type 2 diabetes in a real world context of clinical practice. Design Multi-database retrospective cohort study using a prevalent new user design with subsequent meta-analysis. Setting Canadian Network for Observational Drug Effect Studies (CNODES), with administrative healthcare databases from seven Canadian provinces and the United Kingdom, 2013-18. Population 209 867 new users of a SGLT2 inhibitor matched to 209 867 users of a DPP-4 inhibitor on time conditional propensity score and followed for a mean of 0.9 years. Main outcome measures The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, a composite of myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke, or cardiovascular death). Secondary outcomes were the individual components of MACE, heart failure, and all cause mortality. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate site specific adjusted hazards ratios and 95% confidence intervals, comparing use of SGLT2 inhibitors with use of DPP-4 inhibitors in an as treated approach. Site specific results were pooled using random effects meta-analysis. Results Compared with DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with decreased risks of MACE (incidence rate per 1000 person years: 11.4 v 16.5; hazard ratio 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.69 to 0.84), myocardial infarction (5.1 v 6.4; 0.82, 0.70 to 0.96), cardiovascular death (3.9 v 7.7; 0.60, 0.54 to 0.67), heart failure (3.1 v 7.7; 0.43, 0.37 to 0.51), and all cause mortality (8.7 v 17.3; 0.60, 0.54 to 0.67). SGLT2 inhibitors had more modest benefits for ischaemic stroke (2.6 v 3.5; 0.85, 0.72 to 1.01). Similar benefits for MACE were observed with canagliflozin (0.79, 0.66 to 0.94), dapagliflozin (0.73, 0.63 to 0.85), and empagliflozin (0.77, 0.68 to 0.87). Conclusions In this large observational study conducted in a real world clinical practice context, the short term use of SGLT2 inhibitors was associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular events compared with the use of DPP-4 inhibitors. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03939624 .

scholarly journals Relation between Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Cardiovascular Events and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wang ◽  
Yangjing Xue ◽  
Saroj Thapa ◽  
Luping Wang ◽  
Jifei Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Data on the association between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cardiovascular disease and mortality are conflicting. The purpose of this report is to conduct a systematic review to better understand the role of AMD as a risk factor for CVD events and mortality. We searched Medline (Ovid) and Embase (Ovid) for trials published from 1980 to 2015. We included 20 cohort studies that reported relative risks with 95% confidence intervals for the association of AMD and cardiovascular events and mortality, involving 29,964,334 participants. In a random-effects model, the adjusted RR (95% confidence interval [CI]) associated with AMD was 1.08 (1.00–1.117) for all-cause mortality (8 studies) and 1.18 (0.98–1.43) for cardiovascular disease mortality (5 studies). The pooled RR (95% CI) was 1.17 (0.94–1.45) for coronary heart disease (CHD; 3 studies) and 1.13 (0.93–1.36) for stroke (8 studies). Findings from this systematic review support that AMD is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality. The evidence that AMD predicts incident CVD events or CVD mortality remains inclusive and warrants further study in the future.

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