scholarly journals Fetal overnutrition and offspring insulin resistance and β-cell function: the Exploring Perinatal Outcomes among Children (EPOCH) study

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1392-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Sauder ◽  
C. W. Hockett ◽  
B. M. Ringham ◽  
D.H. Glueck ◽  
D. Dabelea
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Fetal Overnutrition

Effects of Ovariectomy on Insulin Resistance and β-Cell Function and Mass

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373
Author(s):  
Soo-Bong Choi ◽  
Chun-Hee Park ◽  
Dong-Wha Jun ◽  
Jin-Sun Jang ◽  
Sun-Min Park
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function

scholarly journals Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with insulin resistance and β-cell function in a healthy Chinese female population

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1070-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-fang Tao ◽  
Zeng Zhang ◽  
Yao-hua Ke ◽  
Jin-wei He ◽  
Wen-zhen Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Healthy Chinese

scholarly journals Maternal high-fat diet induces insulin resistance and deterioration of pancreatic β-cell function in adult offspring with sex differences in mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (10) ◽  
pp. E1163-E1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Yokomizo ◽  
Toyoshi Inoguchi ◽  
Noriyuki Sonoda ◽  
Yuka Sakaki ◽  
Yasutaka Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Plasma Estradiol ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Estradiol Levels

Intrauterine environment may influence the health of postnatal offspring. There have been many studies on the effects of maternal high-fat diet (HFD) on diabetes and glucose metabolism in offspring. Here, we investigated the effects in male and female offspring. C57/BL6J mice were bred and fed either control diet (CD) or HFD from conception to weaning, and offspring were fed CD or HFD from 6 to 20 wk. At 20 wk, maternal HFD induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in offspring. Additionally, liver triacylglycerol content, adipose tissue mass, and inflammation increased in maternal HFD. In contrast, extending previous observations, insulin secretion at glucose tolerance test, islet area, insulin content, and PDX-1 mRNA levels in isolated islets were lower in maternal HFD in males, whereas they were higher in females. Oxidative stress in islets increased in maternal HFD in males, whereas there were no differences in females. Plasma estradiol levels were lower in males than in females and decreased in offspring fed HFD and also decreased by maternal HFD, suggesting that females may be protected from insulin deficiency by inhibiting oxidative stress. In conclusion, maternal HFD induced insulin resistance and deterioration of pancreatic β-cell function, with marked sex differences in adult offspring accompanied by adipose tissue inflammation and liver steatosis. Additionally, our results demonstrate that potential mechanisms underlying sex differences in pancreatic β-cell function may be related partially to increases in oxidative stress in male islets and decreased plasma estradiol levels in males.

scholarly journals Common Risk Factors in Relatives and Spouses of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Developing Prediabetes

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1010
Author(s):  
Wei-Hao Hsu ◽  
Chin-Wei Tseng ◽  
Yu-Ting Huang ◽  
Ching-Chao Liang ◽  
Mei-Yueh Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Tyg Index ◽  
Β Cell Function

Prediabetes should be viewed as an increased risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated its prevalence among the relatives and spouses of patients with type 2 diabetes or risk factors for prediabetes, insulin resistance, and β-cell function. A total of 175 individuals were included and stratified into three groups: controls, and relatives and spouses of type 2 diabetic patients. We compared clinical characteristics consisting of a homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and beta cell function (HOMA-β), a quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), and triglyceride glucose (TyG) index. After a multivariable linear regression analysis, the relative group was independently correlated with high fasting glucose, a high TyG index, and low β-cell function; the relatives and spouses were independently associated with a low QUICKI. The relatives and spouses equally had a higher prevalence of prediabetes. These study also indicated that the relatives had multiple factors predicting the development of diabetes mellitus, and that the spouses may share a number of common environmental factors associated with low insulin sensitivity.

Circulating miR‐146a, miR‐34a and miR‐375 in type 2 diabetes patients, pre‐diabetic and normal‐glycaemic individuals in relation to β‐cell function, insulin resistance and metabolic parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1092-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío E. García‐Jacobo ◽  
Edith E. Uresti‐Rivera ◽  
Diana P. Portales‐Pérez ◽  
Roberto González‐Amaro ◽  
Edgar E. Lara‐Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Diabetes Patients

scholarly journals Herring Milt and Herring Milt Protein Hydrolysate Are Equally Effective in Improving Insulin Sensitivity and Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function in Diet-Induced Obese- and Insulin-Resistant Mice

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 635
Author(s):  
Yanwen Wang ◽  
Sandhya Nair ◽  
Jacques Gagnon
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Casein Protein ◽  
Dietary Casein

Although genetic predisposition influences the onset and progression of insulin resistance and diabetes, dietary nutrients are critical. In general, protein is beneficial relative to carbohydrate and fat but dependent on protein source. Our recent study demonstrated that 70% replacement of dietary casein protein with the equivalent quantity of protein derived from herring milt protein hydrolysate (HMPH; herring milt with proteins being enzymatically hydrolyzed) significantly improved insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. As production of protein hydrolysate increases the cost of the product, it is important to determine whether a simply dried and ground herring milt product possesses similar benefits. Therefore, the current study was conducted to investigate the effect of herring milt dry powder (HMDP) on glucose control and the associated metabolic phenotypes and further to compare its efficacy with HMPH. Male C57BL/6J mice on a high-fat diet for 7 weeks were randomized based on body weight and blood glucose into three groups. One group continued on the high-fat diet and was used as the insulin-resistant/diabetic control and the other two groups were given the high-fat diet modified to have 70% of casein protein being replaced with the same amount of protein from HMDP or HMPH. A group of mice on a low-fat diet all the time was used as the normal control. The results demonstrated that mice on the high-fat diet increased weight gain and showed higher blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, and leptin, as well as impaired glucose tolerance and pancreatic β-cell function relative to those on the normal control diet. In comparison with the high-fat diet, the replacement of 70% dietary casein protein with the same amount of HMDP or HMPH protein decreased weight gain and significantly improved the aforementioned biomarkers, insulin sensitivity or resistance, and β-cell function. The HMDP and HMPH showed similar effects on every parameter except blood lipids where HMDP decreased total cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol levels while the effect of HMPH was not significant. The results demonstrate that substituting 70% of dietary casein protein with the equivalent amount of HMDP or HMPH protein protects against obesity and diabetes, and HMDP is also beneficial to cholesterol homeostasis.

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