scholarly journals A cohort study on full breastfeeding and child neuropsychological development: the role of maternal social, psychological, and nutritional factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Julvez ◽  
Monica Guxens ◽  
Anne-Elie Carsin ◽  
Joan Forns ◽  
Michelle Mendez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Neuropsychological Development

Factors associated with the development of paediatric chronic otitis media by age nine: a prospective longitudinal cohort study of 6560 children

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
P J Clamp ◽  
K De-Loyde ◽  
A R Maw ◽  
S Gregory ◽  
J Golding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Objective This study aimed to analyse social, health and environmental factors associated with the development of chronic otitis media by age nine. Method This was a prospective, longitudinal, birth cohort study of 6560 children, reviewed at age nine. Chronic otitis media defined as previous surgical history or video-otoscopic changes of tympanic membrane retraction, perforation or cholesteatoma. Non-affected children were used as the control group. Results Univariate analysis demonstrated an association between chronic otitis media and otorrhoea, snoring, grommet insertion, adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, hearing loss, abnormal tympanograms and preterm birth. Multivariate analysis suggests many of these factors may be interrelated. Conclusion The association between chronic otitis media and otorrhoea, abnormal tympanograms and grommets supports the role of the Eustachian tube and otitis media (with effusion or acute) in the pathogenesis of chronic otitis media. The role of snoring, adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy is unclear. Associations suggested by previous studies (sex, socioeconomic group, parental smoking, maternal education, childcare, crowding and siblings) were not found to be significant predictors in this analysis.

Effect of lumenal contents on colonic cell replacement.

1977 ◽  
Vol 233 (3) ◽  
pp. E208
Author(s):  
J Stragand ◽  
R F Hagemann
Keyword(s):  
Cell Renewal ◽  
Physical Stimulation ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Cell Replacement ◽  
Cell Production ◽  
Physiological Capacity ◽  
Fasting And Refeeding

Recent studies have shown that the rate of colonic cell renewal can be altered through fasting and refeeding, which produces a marked depression and transient stimulation, respectively. In the present study, the role of physical versus nutritional stimulation in the colonic fasting-refeeding response and the renewal of the functional colonic compartment were evaluated via a nondestructive colonic ligation procedure. The results reported herein suggest that physical stimulation by lumenal factors is in part required to initiate the colonic hyperplasia seen after refeeding. Blood-borne nutritional factors, in the absence of physical stimulation, cannot alone stimulate colonic cell production. Additional evidence is presented which suggests that this physical stimulation may be manifested through the lumenal distension produced by the newly ingested food materials. The results are discussed from the viewpoint of influencing the functional colonic compartment and physiological capacity.

scholarly journals General practitioner use of D-dimer in suspected venous thromboembolism: historical cohort study in one geographical region in the Netherlands

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e026846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel M R Schols ◽  
Eline Meijs ◽  
Geert-Jan Dinant ◽  
Henri E J H Stoffers ◽  
Mariëlle M E Krekels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Geographical Region ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Diagnostic Work Up ◽  
D Dimer

ObjectivesTo investigate how many general practitioner (GP)-referred venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) are diagnosed during 1 year in one geographical region and to investigate the (urgent) referral pathway of VTE diagnoses, including the role of laboratory D-dimer testing.DesignHistorical cohort study.SettingGP patients of 47 general practices in a demarcated geographical region of 161 503 inhabitants in the Netherlands.ParticipantsWe analysed all 895 primary care patients in whom either the GP determined a D-dimer value or who had a diagnostic work-up for suspected VTE in a non-academic hospital during 2015.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcomes of this study were the total number of VTEs per year and the diagnostic pathways—including the role of GP determined D-dimer testing—of patients urgently referred to secondary care for suspected VTE. Additionally, we explored the use of an age-adjusted D-dimer cut-off.ResultsThe annual VTE incidence was 0.9 per 1000 inhabitants. GPs annually ordered 5.1 D-dimer tests per 1000 inhabitants. Of 470 urgently GP-referred patients, 31.3% had a VTE. Of those urgently referred based on clinical assessment only (without D-dimer testing), 73.8% (96/130) had a VTE; based on clinical assessment and laboratory D-dimer testing yielded 15.0% (51/340) VTE. Applying age-adjusted D-dimer cut-offs to all patients aged 50 years or older resulted in a reduction of positive D-dimer results from 97.9% to 79.4%, without missing any VTE.ConclusionsAlthough D-dimer testing contributes to the diagnostic work-up of VTE, GPs have a high detection rate for VTE in patients who they urgently refer to secondary care based on clinical assessment only.

scholarly journals Role of radiography in predicting progression of osteoarthritis of the hip: prospective cohort study

BMJ ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 330 (7501) ◽  
pp. 1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Reijman ◽  
J M W Hazes ◽  
H.A.P Pols ◽  
R M D Bernsen ◽  
B W Koes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Osteoarthritis Of The Hip

scholarly journals Potential role of the lectin pathway of complement in the pathogenesis and disease manifestations of systemic sclerosis: a case-control and cohort study

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Osthoff ◽  
Gene-Siew Ngian ◽  
Melinda M Dean ◽  
Mandana Nikpour ◽  
Wendy Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Lectin Pathway
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