scholarly journals A population of neurons that produce hugin and express the diuretic hormone 44 receptor gene projects to the corpora allata in Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Mizuno ◽  
Eisuke Imura ◽  
Yoshitomo Kurogi ◽  
Yuko Shimada‐Niwa ◽  
Shu Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Diuretic Hormone

scholarly journals A population of neurons that produce hugin and express thediuretic hormone 44 receptorgene projects to the corpora allata inDrosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Mizuno ◽  
Eisuke Imura ◽  
Yoshitomo Kurogi ◽  
Yuko Shimadaigu-Niwa ◽  
Shu Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Juvenile Hormone ◽  
Synaptic Vesicle ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Synaptic Connections ◽  
Specific Receptor ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Diuretic Hormone ◽  
Endocrine Organs

AbstractThe corpora allata (CA) are essential endocrine organs that biosynthesize and secrete the sesquiterpenoid hormone, namely juvenile hormone (JH), to regulate a wide variety of developmental and physiological events in insects. Previous studies had demonstrated that the CA are directly innervated with neurons in many insect species, implying the innervations to be important for regulating JH biosynthesis in response to internal physiology and external environments. While this is also true for the model organism,Drosophila melanogaster, which neurotransmitters are produced in the CA-projecting neurons are yet to be clarified. In this study onD. melanogaster, we aimed to demonstrate that a subset of neurons producing the neuropeptide hugin, the invertebrate counterpart of the vertebrate neuromedin U, directly projects to the adult CA. A synaptic vesicle marker in the hugin neurons was observed at their axon termini located on the CA, which were immunolabeled with a newly-generated antibody to the JH biosynthesis enzyme JH acidO-methyltransferase (JHAMT). We also found the CA-projecting hugin neurons to likely express a gene encoding the specific receptor for diuretic hormone 44 (Dh44). Moreover, our data suggested that the CA-projecting hugin neurons have synaptic connections with the upstream neurons producing Dh44. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to identify a specific neurotransmitter of the CA-projecting neurons inD. melanogaster, and to anatomically characterize a neuronal pathway of the CA-projecting neurons and their upstream neurons.

scholarly journals The transcription factor dFOXO controls the expression of insulin pathway genes and lipids content under heat stress in Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-471
Author(s):  
M. A. Eremina ◽  
P. N. Menshanov ◽  
O. D. Shishkina ◽  
N. E. Gruntenko
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Feeding Intensity

The insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway is one of the key elements in an organism’s response to unfavourable conditions. The deep homology of this pathway and its evolutionary conservative role in controlling the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism make it possible to use Drosophila melanogaster for studying its functioning. To identify the properties of interaction of two key IIS pathway components under heat stress in D. melanogaster (the forkhead box O transcription factor (dFOXO) and insulin-like peptide 6 (DILP6), which intermediates the dFOXO signal sent from the fat body to the insulin-producing cells of the brain where DILPs1–5 are synthesized), we analysed the expression of the genes dilp6, dfoxo and insulin-like receptor gene (dInR) in females of strains carrying the hypomorphic mutation dilp641 and hypofunctional mutation foxoBG01018. We found that neither mutation influenced dfoxo expression and its uprise under short-term heat stress, but both of them disrupted the stress response of the dilp6 and dInR genes. To reveal the role of identified disruptions in metabolism control and feeding behaviour, we analysed the effect of the dilp641 and foxoBG01018 mutations on total lipids content and capillary feeding intensity in imago under normal conditions and under short-term heat stress. Both mutations caused an increase in these parameters under normal conditions and prevented decrease in total lipids content following heat stress observed in the control strain. In mutants, feeding intensity was increased under normal conditions; and decreased following short-term heat stress in all studied strains for the first 24 h of observation, and in dilp641 strain, for 48 h. Thus, we may conclude that dFOXO takes part in regulating the IIS pathway response to heat stress as well as the changes in lipids content caused by heat stress, and this regulation is mediated by DILP6. At the same time, the feeding behaviour of imago might be controlled by dFOXO and DILP6 under normal conditions, but not under heat stress.

scholarly journals Neuroendocrine Regulation of Reproductive Dormancy in the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster: A Review of Juvenile Hormone-Dependent Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitomo Kurogi ◽  
Yosuke Mizuno ◽  
Eisuke Imura ◽  
Ryusuke Niwa
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Juvenile Hormone ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Corpus Allatum ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Wide Range

Animals can adjust their physiology, helping them survive and reproduce under a wide range of environmental conditions. One of the strategies to endure unfavorable environmental conditions such as low temperature and limited food supplies is dormancy. In some insect species, this may manifest as reproductive dormancy, which causes their reproductive organs to be severely depleted under conditions unsuitable for reproduction. Reproductive dormancy in insects is induced by a reduction in juvenile hormones synthesized in the corpus allatum (pl. corpora allata; CA) in response to winter-specific environmental cues, such as low temperatures and short-day length. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the study of dormancy-inducing conditions dependent on CA control mechanisms in Drosophila melanogaster. This review summarizes dormancy control mechanisms in D. melanogaster and discusses the implications for future studies of insect dormancy, particularly focusing on juvenile hormone-dependent regulation.

scholarly journals The corticotropin-releasing factor-like diuretic hormone 44 (DH 44 ) and kinin neuropeptides modulate desiccation and starvation tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster

Peptides ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 96-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Cannell ◽  
Anthony J. Dornan ◽  
Kenneth A. Halberg ◽  
Selim Terhzaz ◽  
Julian A.T. Dow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Diuretic Hormone ◽  
Starvation Tolerance

A tyramine receptor gene mutation causes a defective olfactory behavior in Drosophila melanogaster

Gene ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 245 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayako Kutsukake ◽  
Akira Komatsu ◽  
Daisuke Yamamoto ◽  
Sadao Ishiwa-Chigusa
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Olfactory Behavior
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