scholarly journals The vocabulary spurt predicts the emergence of backward semantic inhibition in 18‐month‐old toddlers

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette Chow ◽  
Anne M. Aimola Davies ◽  
Luis J. Fuentes ◽  
Kim Plunkett
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Inhibition ◽  
Vocabulary Spurt

Before and after the vocabulary spurt: two modes of word acquisition?

2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Nazzi ◽  
Josiane Bertoncini
Keyword(s):  
Word Acquisition ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vocabulary Spurt

scholarly journals Neural Correlates of Semantic Inhibition in Relation to Hypomanic Traits: An fMRI Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Raucher-Chéné ◽  
Sarah Terrien ◽  
Fabien Gierski ◽  
Alexandre Obert ◽  
Stéphanie Caillies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Semantic Inhibition

Incidental acquisition of new words during reading in L2: Inference of meaning and its integration in the L2 mental lexicon

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
DENISA BORDAG ◽  
AMIT KIRSCHENBAUM ◽  
ERWIN TSCHIRNER ◽  
ANDREAS OPITZ
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Mental Lexicon ◽  
Syntactic Complexity ◽  
New Words ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Priming Task ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Incidental Vocabulary ◽  
Lower Activation ◽  
Semantic Inhibition

A novel combination of several experimental and non-experimental paradigms was applied to explore initial stages of incidental vocabulary acquisition (IVA) during reading in German as a second language (L2). The results show that syntactic complexity of the context positively affects incidental acquisition of new words, triggering the learner's shift of attention from the text level to the word level. A subsequent semantic priming task revealed that the new words establish associations with semantically related representations in the L2 mental lexicon after just three previous occurrences and without any consolidation period. The semantic inhibition effect for the new words (contrary to semantic facilitation for known L2 words), however, indicates that the memory traces of the new semantic representation are still very weak and that their retrieval is probably hindered by stronger semantically related representations that have much lower activation thresholds and higher potential for being selected.

Vocabulary development in Italian children: a longitudinal evaluation of quantitative and qualitative aspects

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURA D'ODORICO ◽  
STEFANIA CARUBBI ◽  
NICOLETTA SALERNI ◽  
VINCENZO CALVO
Keyword(s):  
Vocabulary Development ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Function Words ◽  
Monthly Administration ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Percentile Scores ◽  
Italian Children ◽  
Vocabulary Spurt

In this study vocabulary development of a sample of 42 Italian children was evaluated through monthly administration of the Italian version of the CDI. Data collection started at 1;0–1;1 for 32 children and at 1;3–1;4 for the remaining subjects and continued until children's vocabulary reached 200 words. At fixed stages of vocabulary size (50, 100 and 200 words), individual differences in percentile scores and vocabulary composition were examined. Individual growth curves were analysed in order to verify the presence of a vocabulary spurt and the type of lexical items which contributed most to rapid acceleration in vocabulary growth.Stylistic differences in vocabulary composition were examined regarding the ‘referential–expressive’ distinction, controlling vocabulary size. Data have shown that general trends in vocabulary development are quite similar to those obtained for other languages using CDI adaptations. Moreover, all children in this sample eventually exhibited a vocabulary spurt, even if some can be defined as ‘late spurters’. The type of lexical items which are learned during the spurt depend on both infant vocabulary size and referential score. About 28% of infants in this sample were defined ‘referential’ when their vocabulary size was about 50 words, but the stylistic differences disappeared at the 100- and 200-word stages.Composition of vocabulary did not differ in relation to precocity in reaching different stages of vocabulary development. The only exception was that infants who reached the 50-word stage first also had a vocabulary with a lower proportion of function words.

Early lexical development in German: a study on vocabulary growth and vocabulary composition during the second and third year of life

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTINA KAUSCHKE ◽  
CHRISTOPH HOFMEISTER
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Function Words ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Word Use ◽  
Vocabulary Growth ◽  
Noun Bias ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Vocabulary Spurt

This paper focuses on aspects of early lexical acquisition in German. There have been conflicting results in the literature concerning both the pattern of vocabulary growth and the composition of the early lexicon. Our study describes the development of various categories of words and questions the preponderance of nouns in spontaneous speech. 32 children were studied longitudinally through recordings made at age 1;1, 1;3, 1;9 and 3;0. The following properties of the data were investigated: vocabulary size in relation to age, frequency of word use, and distribution of word categories. The results show that use of both types and tokens increases with time. A trend analysis indicates an exponential increase in vocabulary production in the second year, followed by a further expansion. This vocabulary spurt-like pattern can be observed in the use of word types and tokens. The findings in regard to vocabulary composition illustrate the dynamics present in the development of word categories. In the beginning, children use mostly relational words, personal-social words and some onomatopoeic terms. These categories are gradually complemented with nouns, verbs, function words and other words so that we see a balanced lexicon by 3;0. Trend analyses clarify characteristic developmental patterns in regard to certain word categories. Our spontaneous speech data does not support a strong noun-bias hypothesis.

Maternal labelling of novel and familiar objects: implications for children's development of lexical constraints

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELISE FRANK MASUR
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Acquisition ◽  
Play Interactions ◽  
Conversational Interactions ◽  
Children's Development ◽  
Lexical Constraints ◽  
Vocabulary Spurt ◽  
Children’S Development ◽  
Familiar Objects ◽  
Naming Practices

Mothers' provision of names for novel and familiar toy animals was examined during play interactions with 20 infants observed at ages 0;10, 1;1, 1;5, and 1;9. Of particular interest were characteristics of mothers' speech which might bear on children's development of lexical principles or constraints. Analyses demonstrated that mothers facilitated their children's determination of reference and differentially adjusted their naming practices to novel, comprehended, and familiar animals. They virtually always named the whole object first. More important, the first mention of novel, but not comprehended or familiar animals involved both maternal naming and physical designation of the object 92% or more of the time. Thus, although a novel word's referent may be indeterminate logically, mothers specify it practically. These results support the position that maternal labelling practices may assist children in acquiring lexical principles and that lexical acquisition, perhaps even the vocabulary spurt, can proceed during natural conversational interactions before infants master lexical principles.

scholarly journals Backward Semantic Inhibition in Toddlers

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1312-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette Chow ◽  
Anne M. Aimola Davies ◽  
Luis J. Fuentes ◽  
Kim Plunkett
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Inhibition
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