scholarly journals Standards of diagnostic colonoscopy for early‐stage neoplasia: Recommendations by an Asian private group

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Sano ◽  
Han‐Mo Chiu ◽  
Xiao‐bo Li ◽  
Supakij Khomvilai ◽  
Pises Pisespongsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Diagnostic Colonoscopy ◽  
Private Group

Robotic Colonoscopy: Comparative Analysis of Costs Compared to Painless Conventional Colonoscopy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosi Sicuro ◽  
Emanuele Tumino ◽  
Christian Lambiase ◽  
Domenica Mamone
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Diagnostic Colonoscopy ◽  
High Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
The University

Abstract BackgroundAmong the various causes of death, colorectal carcinoma represents the second highest cause in frequency both in men and in women. A colorectal cancer is diagnosed every 3.5 minutes and a person dies of colorectal cancer every 9 minutes. In 2018, in Italy were recorded around 51.000 new cases, with a mortality rate of over 18.000 deaths. There is clear evidence demonstrating that the identification and treatment of cancer at an early stage positively influence the reduction in mortality. Colonoscopy is the most effective technique used to identify and remove polyps, thus avoiding the costs related to surgical treatment and hospitalization.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the costs of the system Endotics for robotic colonoscopy as an alternative to conventional diagnostic colonoscopy performed under anaesthesia at the University Hospital of Pisa.MethodsThe cost analysis was developed according to the Budget Impact Analysis method application, an essential and complementary part of the Health Technology Assessment evaluation, which has the main purpose of assessing the financial sustainability of new health technology, estimating the consequences of its use and diffusion in a specific context characterized by the limited availability of resources. The observation period covered a time interval of 3 months, during which an average of 43 colonoscopic procedures per day was performed and mapped and a total of 23 colonoscopes were used. ResultsOverall, the work done has allowed identifying the cost of a conventional painless diagnostic colonoscopy performed in our institution which amounts to € 426.25. The valuation of the costs of the robotic colonoscopy amounted overall to € 441.25.ConclusionsThe ideal procedure to diagnose a colon disease should be safe, well-tolerated, possibly non-invasive, with high diagnostic accuracy and, not least, cost-effectiveness. The results of this study suggest that in the University Hospital of Pisa the costs related to robotic colonoscopy performed with the Endotics system are superimposable to those of conventional painless colonoscopy, reducing the overall risk associated with the colonoscopic procedure maintaining a high diagnostic accuracy with a greater tolerability by the patient, thus pushing the colonoscopy towards “the ideal procedure”.

Alterations in the number of motoneurons containing immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)& choline acetyltransferase(ChAT) in the cervical spinal cord of the wobbler mouse during the development of the motoneuron disease

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 970-971
Author(s):  
L. Vacca-Galloway ◽  
Y.Q. Zhang ◽  
P. Bose ◽  
S.H. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Wild Type Mouse ◽  
Reflex Response ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Behavioral Tests ◽  
Wobbler Mouse ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Stage 1

The Wobbler mouse (wr) has been studied as a model for inherited human motoneuron diseases (MNDs). Using behavioral tests for forelimb power, walking, climbing, and the “clasp-like reflex” response, the progress of the MND can be categorized into early (Stage 1, age 21 days) and late (Stage 4, age 3 months) stages. Age-and sex-matched normal phenotype littermates (NFR/wr) were used as controls (Stage 0), as well as mice from two related wild-type mouse strains: NFR/N and a C57BI/6N. Using behavioral tests, we also detected pre-symptomatic Wobblers at postnatal ages 7 and 14 days. The mice were anesthetized and perfusion-fixed for immunocytochemical (ICC) of CGRP and ChAT in the spinal cord (C3 to C5).Using computerized morphomety (Vidas, Zeiss), the numbers of IR-CGRP labelled motoneurons were significantly lower in 14 day old Wobbler specimens compared with the controls (Fig. 1). The same trend was observed at 21 days (Stage 1) and 3 months (Stage 4). The IR-CGRP-containing motoneurons in the Wobbler specimens declined progressively with age.

Automated high-resolution microscopy: the approaches so far

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
W. O. Saxton
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Automatic Recording ◽  
Microprocessor Control ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Complete Automation ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
High Resolution Microscopy

Recent commercial microscopes with internal microprocessor control of all major functions have already demonstrated some of the benefits anticipated from such systems, such as continuous magnification, rotation-free diffraction and magnification, automatic recording of mutually registered focal series, and fewer control knobs. Complete automation of the focusing, stigmating and alignment of a high resolution microscope, allowing focal series to be recorded at preselected focus values as well, is still imminent rather than accomplished, however; some kind of image pick-up and analysis system, fed with the electron image via a TV camera, is clearly essential for this, but several alternative systems and algorithms are still being explored. This paper reviews the options critically in turn, and stresses the need to consider alignment and focusing at an early stage, and not merely as an optional extension to a basic proposal.

Direct observation of Fe-Al-Zn ternary intermetallic compound and its transformation during the early stage of hot-dip galvanizing

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1116-1117
Author(s):  
C. S. Lin ◽  
W. A. Chiou ◽  
M. Meshii
Keyword(s):  
Intermetallic Compound ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Diffusion Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Zinc Bath ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Solid Iron ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Ternary Intermetallic Compound

The galvannealed steel sheets have received ever increased attention because of their excellent post-painting corrosion resistance and good weldability. However, its powdering and flaking tendency during press forming processes strongly impairs its performance. In order to optimize the properties of galvanneal coatings, it is critical to control the reaction rate between solid iron and molten zinc.In commercial galvannealing line, aluminum is added to zinc bath to retard the diffusion rate between iron and zinc by the formation of a thin layer of Al intermetallic compound on the surface of steel at initial hot-dip galvanizing. However, the form of this compound and its transformation are still speculated. In this paper, we report the direct observations of this compound and its transformation.The specimens were prepared in a hot-dip simulator in which the steel was galvanized in the zinc bath containing 0.14 wt% of Al at a temperature of 480 °C for 5 seconds and was quenched by liquid nitrogen.

Anisotropy of interfacial defects in the initial stage of MOVPE GaAs growth On Si

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-593
Author(s):  
C. Vannuffel ◽  
C. Schiller ◽  
J. P. Chevalier
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Threading Dislocations ◽  
Mbe Growth ◽  
Detailed Mechanism ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Interfacial Defects ◽  
Interfacial Dislocations ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Essential Problem

Recently, interest has focused on the epitaxy of GaAs on Si as a promising material for electronic applications, potentially for integration of optoelectronic devices on silicon wafers. The essential problem concerns the 4% misfit between the two materials, and this must be accommodated by a network of interfacial dislocations with the lowest number of threading dislocations. It is thus important to understand the detailed mechanism of the formation of this network, in order to eventually reduce the dislocation density at the top of the layers.MOVPE growth is carried out on slightly misoriented, (3.5°) from (001) towards , Si substrates. Here we report on the effect of this misorientation on the interfacial defects, at a very early stage of growth. Only the first stage, of the well-known two step growth process, is thus considered. Previously, we showed that full substrate coverage occured for GaAs thicknesses of 5 nm in contrast to MBE growth, where substantially greater thicknesses are required.

1596: Choices for Definitive Treatment of Early-Stage Prostate Cancer: Results from the Compare Registry

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 514-514
Author(s):  
David G. McLeod ◽  
Oliver Sartor ◽  
Paul F. Schellhammer ◽  
Anthony V. D'Amico ◽  
Susan Halabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Definitive Treatment

644: Cathepsin D is a Marker for Early Stage Renal Cell Cancer and Predicts the Presence of Distant Metastases

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 175-175
Author(s):  
Axel S. Merseburger ◽  
Joerg Hennenlotter ◽  
Perikles Simon ◽  
Marcus Horstmann ◽  
Arnulf Stenzl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Cancer ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Cathepsin D ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Distant Metastases

1068: TP53 Gene Mutations as a Prognostic Marker for PSA Progression in Early Stage Prostate Cancer

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 282-282
Author(s):  
Markus D. Sachs ◽  
Horst Schlechte ◽  
Katrin Schiemenz ◽  
Severin V. Lenk ◽  
Dietmar Schnorr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Marker ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Tp53 Gene ◽  
Psa Progression ◽  
Tp53 Gene Mutations
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