Esophageal perforation, inflammatory mediastinitis and pseudoaneurysm of the thoracic aorta as potential complications of botulinum toxin injection for achalasia

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 618-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che yung Chao ◽  
Ashok Raj ◽  
Nivene Saad ◽  
Luke Hourigan ◽  
Gerald Holtmann
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Esophageal Perforation ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Injection

scholarly journals Pseudoaneurysm of the thoracic aorta following botulinum toxin injection to the esophagus

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Shiraev ◽  
Trevor M.Y. Kwok ◽  
Saissan Rajendran ◽  
John P. Gan ◽  
Raffi A. Qasabian
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Injection

Mediastinitis Mimicking Esophageal Perforation after Esophageal Botulinum Toxin Injection

2013 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. S203
Author(s):  
Fatima Samad ◽  
Sami Samiullah ◽  
Hadi Bhurgri ◽  
Kiran Rao ◽  
Christopher Lenza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Esophageal Perforation ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Injection

Persistent Diplopia in Visually Mature Patients. Is it Intractable or something else? A Review and Case Series

2017 ◽  
pp. 90-108
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Extraocular Muscle ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Injection ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Sensory Adaptation ◽  
Single Vision ◽  
Injection Treatment ◽  
Vision Therapy ◽  
Extraocular Muscle Surgery

Diplopia is described as being intractable when there is inability to both fuse the two images and suppress the second image. Intractable diplopia persists despite achieving ocular alignment using either prisms, lenses,vision therapy,extraocular muscle surgery, or botulinum toxin injection. Treatment usually resorts to occluding or fogging the patient’s nondominant eye. Often times, however, adults having other causative mechanisms for supposedly persistent diplopia are able to achieve comfortable single vision with treatment that either establishes fusion or reactivates a preexisting sensory adaptation. This case series reviews these other causes of diplopia.

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