The Canadian Alcohol Policy Evaluation project: Findings from a review of provincial and territorial alcohol policies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Vallance ◽  
Tim Stockwell ◽  
Ashley Wettlaufer ◽  
Clifton Chow ◽  
Norman Giesbrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Policy Evaluation ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
Evaluation Project

scholarly journals A percepção do cumprimento das leis antifumo em bares e restaurantes em três cidades brasileiras: dados do ITC-Brasil

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (suppl 3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Lacerda Mendes ◽  
André Salem Szklo ◽  
Cristina de Abreu Perez ◽  
Tânia Maria Cavalcante ◽  
Geoffrey T. Fong
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Policy Evaluation ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Tobacco Control Policy ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Evaluation Project

Resumo: O tabagismo passivo causa sérios e mortais efeitos à saúde. Desde 1996, o Brasil vem avançando na implementação da legislação antifumo em locais públicos fechados. Este artigo busca avaliar a percepção do cumprimento da legislação antifumo nas cidades de Porto Alegre (Rio Grande do Sul), Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, com base nos resultados da pesquisa ITC-Brasil (International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project). Os resultados desta pesquisa mostraram uma redução significativa da proporção de pessoas que notaram indivíduos fumando em restaurantes e bares entre 2009 e 2013 nas três cidades pesquisadas. Paralelamente, houve um aumento da proporção de fumantes que referiram ter fumado na área externa desses estabelecimentos. Tais resultados provavelmente refletem uma implementação exitosa das leis antifumo. Vale ressaltar que ao diminuir a exposição ao fumo passivo, aumentamos ainda mais a desnormalização do tabagismo na população em geral, podendo assim diminuir sua iniciação e aumentar a cessação de fumar.

Experiences of Slovak University students with on campus alcohol policy

Human Affairs ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Salonna ◽  
Natália Vendelová ◽  
Jozef Benka ◽  
Mária Bačíková
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
University Students ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
The Us ◽  
Key Questions

AbstractThe vast majority of studies focusing on alcohol consumption among university students are based on US and Canadian samples and employ a quantitative approach. Universities from the US and Canada also have a longer tradition in implementing alcohol policies. The alcohol policies at universities in Slovakia are mostly non-systematic and often not implemented in practice. The objective of this study was to explore Slovak university students’ experiences towards alcohol policy on their campuses using a qualitative approach. Eight focus group discussions were conducted among university students (n=64; 38 female; 2011; Slovakia). The key questions were (1) “Is there a policy concerning alcohol on your campus and what are the consequences of not complying with it?”, and (2) “How should an on-campus alcohol policy be developed and what should it include?” The students knew of few, if any, rules concerning alcohol. Student participation was considered important in policy development and implementation. Slovak universities should be more active in forming alcohol policies. A preventative policy which actively involves students was emphasized as optimal.

scholarly journals Did Alcohol Policy Really Cause the Postsocialist Mortality Crisis? Revisiting the Rebound and Affordability Hypotheses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aytalina Azarova ◽  
Gábor Scheiring ◽  
Michael Ash ◽  
Lawrence King
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
European Part ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Alcohol Prices ◽  
Robust Evidence

This article reexamines the argument that alcohol policies were the major factor behind the mortality crisis in postsocialist Russia. We show that the correlation between the Gorbachev anti-alcohol campaign (rebound hypothesis), alcohol prices in the 1990s (affordability hypothesis), and mortality reported in previous analyses is not robust to splitting oblasts into Far-East and the rest of Russia. Our analysis conducted on a sample of 534 towns in the European part of Russia also finds no robust evidence supporting the two hypotheses. In contrast, findings linking privatization to mortality are robust to controlling for the anti-alcohol campaign and the affordability of alcohol.

scholarly journals Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Ziming Xuan ◽  
Jason G. Blanchette ◽  
Toben F. Nelson ◽  
Timothy C. Heeren ◽  
Thien H. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Lower State ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Alcohol Impaired Driving

Xuan, Z., Blanchette, J., Nelson, T., Heeren, T., Nguyen, T., & Naimi, T. (2015). Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 4(2), 119-130. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v4i2.205Aims: To test the hypotheses that stronger policy environments are associated with less impaired driving and that driving-orientedand drinking-oriented policy subgroups are independently associated with impaired driving.Design: State-level data on 29 policies in 50 states from 2001-2009 were used as lagged exposures in generalized linearregression models to predict self-reported impaired driving.Setting: Fifty United States and Washington, D.C.Participants: A total of 1,292,245 adults (≥ 18 years old) biennially from 2002–2010.Measures: Alcohol Policy Scale scores representing the alcohol policy environment were created by summing policies weightedby their efficacy and degree of implementation by state-year. Past-30-day alcohol-impaired driving from 2002–2010 wasobtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys.Findings: Higher Alcohol Policy Scale scores are strongly associated with lower state-level prevalence and individual-level risk of impaired driving. After accounting for driving-oriented policies, drinking-oriented policies had a robust independent association with reduced likelihood of impaired driving. Reduced binge drinking mediates the relationship between drinking-oriented policies and impaired driving, and driving-oriented policies reduce the likelihood of impaired driving among binge drinkers.Conclusions: Efforts to reduce alcohol-impaired driving should focus on reducing excessive drinking in addition to preventing driving among those who are impaired.

Changes in municipal alcohol policies

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 273-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Liberal Politics ◽  
Business Interests ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
The One

Municipalities have an important role in enacting alcohol policy in Norway. The task of the local authorities is to implement the national goals and form a locally adapted practice, mainly by controlling the availability of alcohol to the public. The local politicians experience this as an issue where they are exposed to a cross-pressure between sociopolitical concerns on the one hand and business interests on the other hand. This paper focuses on alcohol policies in municipalities which give priority to business development, especially tourism. It is based on case studies of two Norwegian municipalities. The paper first looks at the actual changes in the alcohol policy in the two municipalities, and secondly, at the decision-making process leading up to these changes. Four approaches for studying decision-making processes, inspired by a model by Jo-han P. Olsen, are used: rationality, legitimacy, power and necessity. The study found a liberalization with regard to the availability of alcoholic beverages in the two municipalities. This can be explained by changes in external conditions, changes in influential positions between different actors, and changes in public attitudes towards alcohol and interpretations of the local authorities’ ability to control the consumption of alcohol in the population. At the same time the local authorities have strengthened efforts to control licensees. This can be seen as a result of demands from the national authorities, and of the fact that this activity can be financed by a tax on the licensees. The combination of the liberalization of the license policy and the strengthening of the control of the licensees can also be seen as a compromise between different political attitudes, but where the business interests are more important than the sociopolitical concerns. The local politicians also underlined the importance of information activity aiming at influencing attitudes towards alcohol. This last mean is characterized by a legitimating function and almost restricted to rhetorics. It seems that this is more a symbolic politics. Generally the study emphasizes mechanisms indicating that the consequence of a decentralization of power to local authorities will be a more uniform liberal politics rather than more locally based differences.

Consumption Level and Cultural Drinking Patterns as Determinants of Alcohol Problems

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Mäkelä
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Moderate Drinking ◽  
Drinking Problems ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
The Impact

Sociologists, particularly in the United States, have devoted little attention to the impact of centrally directed alcohol policies on drinking problems. Sociocultural studies of religious and ethnic differences In drinking behavior appear to suggest that the liberalization of alcohol policies would favor the growth of moderate drinking patterns at the expense of excessive drinking. However, this “substitution hypothesis” receives less support in Scandinavian research on alcohol policy than does an alternative “addition hypothesis.” When policy controls on alcohol are relaxed, increases in moderate consumption occur in addition to and not at the expense of relatively stable patterns of heavy drinking.

scholarly journals Analysis of gaps in alcohol policies in Brazil using the Pan American Health Organization's Alcohol Policy Scoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 103322
Author(s):  
Camila W. Lopes de Oliveira ◽  
Camila Vieira Mendes ◽  
André Kiepper ◽  
Maristela G. Monteiro ◽  
Gabriela Arantes Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
Pan American
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