scholarly journals Policy-relevant behaviours predict heavier drinking and mediate the relationship with age, gender and education status: Analysis from the International Alcohol Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. S86-S95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Casswell ◽  
Taisia Huckle ◽  
Martin Wall ◽  
Karl Parker ◽  
Surasak Chaiyasong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Control ◽  
Gender And Education ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Status Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Eating Problems in Autistic Females and Males: A Co-twin Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Lundin Remnélius ◽  
Janina Neufeld ◽  
Johan Isaksson ◽  
Sven Bölte
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Eating Problems ◽  
Autism Diagnosis ◽  
Sensory Sensitivity ◽  
Adult Twins ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unmeasured Confounders ◽  
Control Study

AbstractThis study investigated the association between autism and self-reported eating problems and the influence of gender on the association, in a sample of adolescent and adult twins (N = 192). Autistic traits and autism diagnosis were associated with both total and specific eating problems, including selective eating and sensory sensitivity during mealtimes. Interaction effects indicated a stronger association between autistic traits and total eating problems in females, as well as more difficulties with eating in social contexts among autistic females. In within-pair analyses, where unmeasured confounders including genes and shared environment are implicitly controlled for, the association was lost within monozygotic pairs, which might further indicate a genetic influence on the relationship between autism and eating problems.

scholarly journals sCD14 Level in Saliva of Children and Adolescents with and without Dental Caries, a Hurdle Model

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Gaia Pellegrini ◽  
Marcello Maddalone ◽  
Matteo Malvezzi ◽  
Marilisa Toma ◽  
Massimo Del Fabbro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Hurdle Model ◽  
Soluble Cd14 ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Decayed Tooth ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Objective: Soluble CD14 (sCD14) plays an important role in the innate immune response of the oral cavity. The investigation of this biomarker for detection of carious lesions is an even more actual procedure due to its non-invasiveness and the ease of withdrawal. The purpose of the present observational case-control study was to evaluate whether the quantification of sCD14 in children and adolescent’s saliva can discriminate healthy subjects from those suffering from tooth decay. Materials and Methods: 164 subjects (6 to 17 years) were selected and divided into 2 groups: those with at least 1 decayed tooth were assigned to group Decayed (n = 82) and those free from dental caries to group Healthy (n = 82). The amount of salivary soluble CD14 was quantified. Results: Mean salivary soluble CD14 was 28.3 ± 10.8 μg/mL in the Healthy group and 22 ± 9.6 μg/mL in the Decayed group. A hurdle model was applied to the data to estimate both the probability of having carious lesions and their number in relation to sCD14 levels. sCD14 was strongly associated (p < 0.01) with an inverse relation to both the probability of having caries and their number (falling rate of 5% per unit CD14 μg/mL). Conclusions: This data confirms the relationship between sCD14 and the presence of dental caries. However, there is no clear cut off level between healthy and unhealthy subjects, so it is currently not possible to use sCD14 as a biomarker to determine the risk of decays.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document