scholarly journals Estimating population size and observation bias for spring Chinook Salmon

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Murdoch ◽  
Charles H. Frady ◽  
Michael S. Hughes ◽  
Kevin See
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Observation Bias

Effective Population Size in Winter-Run Chinook Salmon

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip W. Hedrick ◽  
Dennis Hedgecock ◽  
Scott Hamelberg
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Effective Population

Effective population size of winter-run chinook salmon based on microsatellite analysis of returning spawners

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 2368-2373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip W Hedrick ◽  
Vanessa K Rashbrook ◽  
Dennis Hedgecock
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Microsatellite Analysis ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Individual Contributions ◽  
Predicted Values

We previously estimated the predicted effective population size for the endangered winter-run chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, based on a number of assumptions, including random survival and return of released fish. Here we present data from actual returning spawners, identified to family by microsatellite loci, and calculate the observed effective population size. In 1994 and 1995, the observed effective population sizes were 93.6 and 78.2% of predicted values, respectively, suggesting that the numbers of returning fish were very close to random expectations in 1994 and less close to random in 1995. The ratio of the effective population size to the adult number, Ne/N, was greater than unity for 1994 and approximately 0.5 in 1995. The high ratio in 1994 reflects the success of the breeding protocol to equalize individual contributions and near random returns, while the lower number in 1995 appears to be the result of both less successful equalization and less close to random returns in that year. These findings provide an optimistic outlook for the success of this supplementation program and suggest that the overall effective population size has not been greatly reduced, since returning spawners represent a broad sample of parents and not fish from only a few families.

Reduction of spermatogonia and testosterone in rat testes flown on space lab-3

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 248-249
Author(s):  
Delbert E. Philpott ◽  
W. Sapp ◽  
C. Williams ◽  
T. Fast ◽  
J. Stevenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Reproductive Maturation ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Space Lab 3 (SL-3) was flown on Shuttle Challenger providing an opportunity to measure the effect of spaceflight on rat testes. Cannon developed the idea that organisms react to unfavorable conditions with highly integrated metabolic activities. Selye summarized the manifestations of physiological response to nonspecific stress and he pointed out that atrophy of the gonads always occurred. Many papers have been published showing the effects of social interaction, crowding, peck order and confinement. Flickinger showed delayed testicular development in subordinate roosters influenced by group numbers, social rank and social status. Christian reported increasing population size in mice resulted in adrenal hypertrophy, inhibition of reproductive maturation and loss of reproductive function in adults. Sex organ weights also declined. Two male dogs were flown on Cosmos 110 for 22 days. Fedorova reported an increase of 30 to 70% atypical spermatozoa consisting of tail curling and/or the absence of a tail.

Systematic hexamitid (Protozoa: Diplomonadida) Infection in seawater pen-reared Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Kent ◽  
J Ellis ◽  
JW Fournie ◽  
SC Dawe ◽  
JW Bagshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha

Fine-scale taxonomic and temporal variability in the energy density of invertebrate prey of juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

2020 ◽  
Vol 655 ◽  
pp. 185-198
Author(s):  
J Weil ◽  
WDP Duguid ◽  
F Juanes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Temporal Differences ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Juvenile Chinook

Variation in the energy content of prey can drive the diet choice, growth and ultimate survival of consumers. In Pacific salmon species, obtaining sufficient energy for rapid growth during early marine residence is hypothesized to reduce the risk of size-selective mortality. In order to determine the energetic benefit of feeding choices for individuals, accurate estimates of energy density (ED) across prey groups are required. Frequently, a single species is assumed to be representative of a larger taxonomic group or related species. Further, single-point estimates are often assumed to be representative of a group across seasons, despite temporal variability. To test the validity of these practices, we sampled zooplankton prey of juvenile Chinook salmon to investigate fine-scale taxonomic and temporal differences in ED. Using a recently developed model to estimate the ED of organisms using percent ash-free dry weight, we compared energy content of several groups that are typically grouped together in growth studies. Decapod megalopae were more energy rich than zoeae and showed family-level variability in ED. Amphipods showed significant species-level variability in ED. Temporal differences were observed, but patterns were not consistent among groups. Bioenergetic model simulations showed that growth rate of juvenile Chinook salmon was almost identical when prey ED values were calculated on a fine scale or on a taxon-averaged coarse scale. However, single-species representative calculations of prey ED yielded highly variable output in growth depending on the representative species used. These results suggest that the latter approach may yield significantly biased results.

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