scholarly journals The role and mechanisms of polycomb repressive complex 2 on the regulation of osteogenic and neurogenic differentiation of stem cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangyang Cao ◽  
Le Li ◽  
Zhipeng Fan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex ◽  
Neurogenic Differentiation ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2

FUNCTIONAL DEFECT OF POLYCOMB REPRESSIVE COMPLEX 2 IN HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS WITH AGING

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. S53
Author(s):  
Naoki Itokawa ◽  
Motohiko Oshima ◽  
Yaeko Nakajima ◽  
Satoshi Yamazaki ◽  
Atsushi Iwama
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 ◽  
Functional Defect

scholarly journals Pharmacological inhibition of polycomb repressive complex-2 activity induces apoptosis in human colon cancer stem cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 319 (10) ◽  
pp. 1463-1470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick D. Benoit ◽  
Mavee S. Witherspoon ◽  
Kristian B. Laursen ◽  
Amel Guezguez ◽  
Marco Beauséjour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex ◽  
Human Colon Cancer ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 ◽  
Pharmacological Inhibition ◽  
Colon Cancer Stem Cells

scholarly journals Bmi1 – A Path to Targeting Cancer Stem Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bakhshinyan ◽  
Ashley A Adile ◽  
Chitra Venugopal ◽  
Sheila K Singh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Tumour Progression ◽  
Metastatic Potential ◽  
Polycomb Group ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 ◽  
Wide Range

The Polycomb group (PcG) genes encode for proteins comprising two multiprotein complexes, Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). Although the initial discovery of PcG genes was made in Drosophila, as transcriptional repressors of homeotic (HOX) genes. Polycomb repressive complexes have been since implicated in regulating a wide range of cellular processes, including differentiation and self-renewal in normal and cancer stem cells. Bmi1, a subunit of PRC1, has been long implicated in driving self-renewal, the key property of stem cells. Subsequent studies showing upregulation of Bmi1 in several cancers correlated with increased aggressiveness, radioresistance and metastatic potential, provided rationale for development of targeted therapies against Bmi1. Although Bmi1 activity can be reduced through transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation, to date, the most promising approach has been through small molecule inhibitors targeting Bmi1 activity. The post-translational targeting of Bmi1 in colorectal carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, multiple myeloma and medulloblastoma have led to significant reduction of self-renewal capacity of cancer stem cells, leading to slower tumour progression and reduced extent of metastatic spread. Further value of Bmi1 targeting in cancer can be established through trials evaluating the combinatorial effect of Bmi1 inhibition with current ‘gold standard’ therapies.

scholarly journals Polycomb repressive complex 2 in adult hair follicle stem cells is dispensable for hair regeneration

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. e1009948
Author(s):  
Pooja Flora ◽  
Meng-Yen Li ◽  
Phillip M. Galbo ◽  
Maider Astorkia ◽  
Deyou Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 ◽  
Activated State ◽  
Hair Regeneration ◽  
Hair Follicle Stem Cells ◽  
Follicle Stem Cells

Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) are multipotent cells that cycle through quiescence and activation to continuously fuel the production of hair follicles. Prior genome mapping studies had shown that tri-methylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3), the chromatin mark mediated by Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), is dynamic between quiescent and activated HFSCs, suggesting that transcriptional changes associated with H3K27me3 might be critical for proper HFSC function. However, functional in vivo studies elucidating the role of PRC2 in adult HFSCs are lacking. In this study, by using in vivo loss-of-function studies we show that, surprisingly, PRC2 plays a non-instructive role in adult HFSCs and loss of PRC2 in HFSCs does not lead to loss of HFSC quiescence or changes in cell identity. Interestingly, RNA-seq and immunofluorescence analyses of PRC2-null quiescent HFSCs revealed upregulation of genes associated with activated state of HFSCs. Altogether, our findings show that transcriptional program under PRC2 regulation is dispensable for maintaining HFSC quiescence and hair regeneration.

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