Characterization of blood flow patterns and endothelial shear stress during flow‐mediated dilation

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-245
Author(s):  
Francisco Morales‐Acuna ◽  
Luis Ochoa ◽  
Carolina Valencia ◽  
Alvaro N. Gurovich
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Endothelial Shear Stress ◽  
Blood Flow Patterns

The Influence of Renal Branches on the Iliac Arteries Blood Flow

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipa Carneiro ◽  
Ana E. Silva ◽  
Senhorinha F. C. F. Teixeira ◽  
Jose´ C. F. Teixeira ◽  
Pedro A. M. Lobarinhas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Reverse Flow ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Asymmetric Flow ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Iliac Arteries ◽  
Blood Flow Patterns

The characterization of blood flow is important to establish links between the hemodynamics and the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. This study describes the development of a 3-D computational model able to predict the blood flow along the abdominal aorta, including the renal and iliac branches. Upstream branches in the abdominal aorta lead to more complex flow patterns downstream, intensifying reverse and asymmetric flow patterns. The focus is on the occurrence of reverse flow and the perturbations in blood flow patterns originated by the branches. Results show regions of recirculation in the walls of the abdominal aorta, renal and iliac branches. It is concluded that, the renal branches induces perturbations in blood flow and result in asymmetric velocity profiles.

Wall Deformation, Wall Shear Stress and Atherosclerosis Around the Intercostal Ostia of C57 Mice

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Suo ◽  
Dardo E. Ferrara ◽  
Robert E. Guldberg ◽  
Robert W. Taylor ◽  
Don P. Giddens
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Wall Shear Stress ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
Disturbed Flow ◽  
Wall Deformation ◽  
Wall Shear ◽  
Blood Flow Patterns

Dorsal surfaces and upstream regions around ostia of aortic branches are favored sites of atherosclerosis. Both asymmetrical stresses in branch walls and disturbed flow patterns have been suggested as contributing to this localization. In the present study, fluorescence images of the thoracic aortic tree of C57 mice were obtained using quantum dot (Qdot) bioconjugate markers for vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and two-photon excitation laser scanning microscopy. The images show that dorsal surfaces and upstream regions of intercostal ostia have a higher intensity of VCAM-1 than the downstream region. We also investigated blood flow patterns and wall shear stress (WSS) in the descending aorta and proximal intercostal branches of C57 mice using micro-CT imaging and ultrasound velocity measurements, combined with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The latter investigation showed that dynamical wall deformation caused by pulsatile pressure around the ostia induces blood flow patterns which create lower and oscillating WSS in the upstream region and dorsal surface than in the distal region. Comparisons of the Qdot marker and CFD studies demonstrate that the distribution of greater expression of VCAM-1 corresponds with lower and oscillating WSS around the branch ostia. Thus, local wall deformation may contribute to disturbed flow patterns that are known to be associated with increased VCAM-1 expression.

Role of local coronary blood flow patterns and shear stress on the development of microvascular and epicardial endothelial dysfunction and coronary plaque

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 638-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerasimos Siasos ◽  
Vasiliki Tsigkou ◽  
Marina Zaromytidou ◽  
Jaskanwal D. Sara ◽  
Anubodh Varshney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Coronary Blood Flow ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Blood Flow Patterns

scholarly journals Blood Flow Patterns during Flow-Mediated Dilation

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Francisco Morales-Acuna ◽  
Carolina Valencia ◽  
Alvaro N. Gurovich
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Blood Flow Patterns

A Numerical Study of Blood Flow Patterns in Anatomically Realistic and Simplified End-to-Side Anastomoses

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Moore ◽  
D. A. Steinman ◽  
S. Prakash ◽  
K. W. Johnston ◽  
C. R. Ethier
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Wall Shear Stress ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Geometric Features ◽  
Simplified Models ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Wall Shear ◽  
Blood Flow Patterns ◽  
Stress Patterns

Purpose: Recently, some numerical and experimental studies of blood flow in large arteries have attempted to accurately replicate in vivo arterial geometries, while others have utilized simplified models. The objective of this study was to determine how much an anatomically realistic geometry can be simplified without the loss of significant hemodynamic information. Method: A human femoral-popliteal bypass graft was used to reconstruct an anatomically faithful finite element model of an end-to-side anastomosis. Nonideal geometric features of the model were removed in sequential steps to produce a series of successively simplified models. Blood flow patterns were numerically computed for each geometry, and the flow and wall shear stress fields were analyzed to determine the significance of each level of geometric simplification. Results: The removal of small local surface features and out-of-plane curvature did not significantly change the flow and wall shear stress distributions in the end-to-side anastomosis. Local changes in arterial caliber played a more significant role, depending upon the location and extent of the change. The graft-to-host artery diameter ratio was found to be a strong determinant of wall shear stress patterns in regions that are typically associated with disease processes. Conclusions: For the specific case of an end-to-side anastomosis, simplified models provide sufficient information for comparing hemodynamics with qualitative or averaged disease locations, provided the “primary” geometric features are well replicated. The ratio of the graft-to-host artery diameter was shown to be the most important geometric feature. “Secondary” geometric features such as local arterial caliber changes, out-of-plane curvature, and small-scale surface topology are less important determinants of the wall shear stress patterns. However, if patient-specific disease information is available for the same arterial geometry, accurate replication of both primary and secondary geometric features is likely required.

Regional Blood Flow Patterns along the Length of the Rodent Cochlea

1987 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Slepecky ◽  
Clarence Angelborg ◽  
Hans-Christian Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Blood Flow Patterns
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