scholarly journals Linguistic Distributional Knowledge and Sensorimotor Grounding both Contribute to Semantic Category Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Briony Banks ◽  
Cai Wingfield ◽  
Louise Connell
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Category ◽  
Distributional Knowledge

scholarly journals Linguistic Distributional Knowledge and Sensorimotor Grounding both Contribute to Semantic Category Production

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Briony Banks ◽  
Cai Wingfield ◽  
Louise Connell
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Semantic Category ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Production Study ◽  
Distributional Information ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Distributional Knowledge

The human conceptual system comprises simulated information of sensorimotor experience and linguistic distributional information of how words are used in language. Moreover, the linguistic shortcut hypothesis predicts that people will use computationally cheaper linguistic distributional information where it is sufficient to inform a task response. In a pre-registered category production study, we asked participants to verbally name members of concrete and abstract categories, and tested whether performance could be predicted by a novel measure of sensorimotor similarity (based on an 11-dimensional representation of sensorimotor strength) and linguistic proximity (based on word co-occurrence derived from a large corpus). As predicted, both measures predicted the order and frequency of category production but, critically, linguistic proximity had an effect above and beyond sensorimotor similarity. A follow-up study using typicality ratings as an additional predictor found that typicality was often the strongest predictor of category production variables, but it did not subsume sensorimotor and linguistic effects. Finally, we created a novel, fully grounded computational model of conceptual activation during category production, which best approximated typical human performance when conceptual activation was allowed to spread indirectly between concepts, and when candidate category members came from both sensorimotor and linguistic distributional representations. Critically, model performance was indistinguishable from typical human performance. Results support the linguistic shortcut hypothesis in semantic processing, and provide strong evidence that both linguistic and grounded representations are inherent to the functioning of the conceptual system. All materials, data, and code are available at https://osf.io/vaq56/.

Enhanced Google-Based Semantic Category Search

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Mohammed Adeeb ◽  
Ahmed Sleman ◽  
Sumaya Abdullah ◽  
Belal Al-Khateeb
Keyword(s):  
Search Engines ◽  
Semantic Category ◽  
Search Method ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Category Search

Recently search services have been developed rapidly especially when the social internet appeared. It can help web users easily find their documents. So that it is very difficult to find a best search method. This paper aims to enhance the quality of the search engines results and this can be done by adding a second level category search that is able to search for the keyword and its synonyms, which enables the search engines to get more users queries related results. The proposed method showed promising results that will open further research directions

Age Similarities in Complex Memory Search: An Extension of Dual Process Theory

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
Brian P. Cooper ◽  
Arthur D. Fisk
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Memory Search ◽  
Semantic Category ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Controlled Processing ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Search Training ◽  
Older Adult Population

Understanding age-related similarities and differences in development of cognitive skill is important as it can inform theories of cognitive aging as well as serve the pragmatic value of informing those individuals who are developing age-related interventions for numerous activities of daily living. We investigated both the performance and learning of skilled memory search, a task that has shown age-related similarity in performance if sufficient consistent practice is provided, to determine if training guidelines for this class of processing activities is applicable to both young and old adults. Old and young adults received memory search training, and then the participants were transferred to untrained exemplars of the trained memory set categories. The results suggest that both young and old adults are, at least to some extent, learning at the semantic-category level. This study provides additional evidence that training guidelines derived from an automatic and controlled processing framework can be applied to an older adult population in tasks which have memory search components.

scholarly journals Dense RGB-D Semantic Mapping with Pixel-Voxel Neural Network

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 3099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Zhao ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Pulak Purkait ◽  
Tom Duckett ◽  
Rustam Stolkin
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Semantic Category ◽  
Semantic Mapping ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Weighted Fusion ◽  
Geometrical Shapes ◽  
Rgb Images ◽  
High Level

In this paper, a novel Pixel-Voxel network is proposed for dense 3D semantic mapping, which can perform dense 3D mapping while simultaneously recognizing and labelling the semantic category each point in the 3D map. In our approach, we fully leverage the advantages of different modalities. That is, the PixelNet can learn the high-level contextual information from 2D RGB images, and the VoxelNet can learn 3D geometrical shapes from the 3D point cloud. Unlike the existing architecture that fuses score maps from different modalities with equal weights, we propose a softmax weighted fusion stack that adaptively learns the varying contributions of PixelNet and VoxelNet and fuses the score maps according to their respective confidence levels. Our approach achieved competitive results on both the SUN RGB-D and NYU V2 benchmarks, while the runtime of the proposed system is boosted to around 13 Hz, enabling near-real-time performance using an i7 eight-cores PC with a single Titan X GPU.

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