Socially Situated Transmission: The Bias to Transmit Negative Information is Moderated by the Social Context

Nicolas Fay; Bradley Walker; Yoshihisa Kashima; Andrew Perfors

doi:10.1111/cogs.13033

Socially Situated Transmission: The Bias to Transmit Negative Information is Moderated by the Social Context

Cognitive Science ◽

10.1111/cogs.13033 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Nicolas Fay ◽

Bradley Walker ◽

Yoshihisa Kashima ◽

Andrew Perfors

Keyword(s):

Social Context ◽

Negative Information ◽

The Social ◽

Socially Situated

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The Social Context of Knowledge

Selected Readings on Information Technology Management ◽

10.4018/978-1-60566-092-9.ch002 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 21-39

Author(s):

Daniel Memmi

Keyword(s):

Social Context ◽

Tacit Knowledge ◽

Modern Society ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Dominant Type ◽

Collaborative Software ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

The Social ◽

Task Oriented ◽

Socially Situated

Information and knowledge have become a crucial resource in our knowledge-based, computermediated economy. But knowledge is primarily a social phenomenon, on which computer processing has had only a limited impact so far, in spite of impressive advances. In this context have recently appeared various collaborative systems that promise to give access to socially situated information. We argue that a prior analysis of the social context is necessary for a better understanding of the whole domain of collaborative software. We will examine the variety and functions of information in modern society, where collaborative information management is now the dominant type of occupation. In fact, real information is much more complex than its usual technical sense: one should distinguish between information and knowledge, as well as between explicit and tacit knowledge. Because of the notable importance of tacit knowledge, social networks are indispensable in practice for locating relevant information. We then propose a typology of collaborative software, distinguishing between explicit communities supported by groupware systems, task-oriented communities organized around a common data structure, and implicit links exploited by collaborative filtering and social information retrieval. The latter approach is usually implemented by virtually grouping similar users, but there exist many possible variants. Yet much remains to be done by extracting, formalizing, and exploiting implicit social links.

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Seeking Asylum, Speaking Silence

Barnboken ◽

10.14811/clr.v43i0.493 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Helen King

Keyword(s):

Social Justice ◽

Social Context ◽

The Other ◽

The Novel ◽

Social Phenomenon ◽

Trauma Narratives ◽

Trauma Narrative ◽

National Centre ◽

The Social ◽

Socially Situated

“How could she ever put those terrible pictures into words?” (Naidoo, Truth 51). This question is at the heart of Beverley Naidoo’s The Other Side of Truth (2000), which narrates the trauma of Nigerian asylum seeker children Sade and Femi as they flee to Britain. Speech and silence are ambivalent within the text, fluctuating in meaning dependant on the social context in which they are enacted. Showing this text to be primarily a narrative of activism, I explore how Naidoo’s representations of trauma inform her critique of the British immigration system. This text invites a reading that draws on recent postcolonial theories of trauma. Using both textual and paratextual analysis of the novel and Naidoo’s archive, held by Seven Stories: The National Centre for Children’s Books in Britain, I draw on Forter’s model of psychosocial trauma to demonstrate that the trauma the protagonists face is a result of their encounter with a racist society and bureaucracy. Reflecting Kertzer’s claim that social justice should be central in trauma narratives for children, Naidoo shows healing from trauma to be the locus of political awakening for both characters and implied reader. The aim of this article is to integrate contemporary models of postcolonial trauma with an understanding of the activist nature of Naidoo’s work, showing that in this sort of children’s trauma narrative, the site of healing from trauma is simultaneously the site of social change. Since the trauma that the child protagonists face is a social phenomenon, the speech that allows the children to begin to heal is similarly socially situated, and their healing is synonymous with social justice.

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