scholarly journals Children Use Temporal Cues to Learn Causal Directionality

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin M. Rottman ◽  
Jonathan F. Kominsky ◽  
Frank C. Keil
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Cues ◽  
Causal Directionality

SPinPong - Virtual Reality Table Tennis Skill Acquisition using Visual, Haptic and Temporal Cues

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 2566-2576
Author(s):  
Erwin Wu ◽  
Mitski Piekenbrock ◽  
Takuto Nakumura ◽  
Hideki Koike
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Temporal Cues

Speech Perception in Adult Subjects With Familial Dyslexia

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele L. Steffens ◽  
Rebecca E. Eilers ◽  
Karen Gross-Glenn ◽  
Bonnie Jallad
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Synthetic Speech ◽  
Acoustic Cues ◽  
State Dynamic ◽  
Spectral Cues ◽  
Temporal Cues ◽  
Familial Dyslexia ◽  
Overall Performance

Speech perception was investigated in a carefully selected group of adult subjects with familial dyslexia. Perception of three synthetic speech continua was studied: /a/-//, in which steady-state spectral cues distinguished the vowel stimuli; /ba/-/da/, in which rapidly changing spectral cues were varied; and /sta/-/sa/, in which a temporal cue, silence duration, was systematically varied. These three continua, which differed with respect to the nature of the acoustic cues discriminating between pairs, were used to assess subjects’ abilities to use steady state, dynamic, and temporal cues. Dyslexic and normal readers participated in one identification and two discrimination tasks for each continuum. Results suggest that dyslexic readers required greater silence duration than normal readers to shift their perception from /sa/ to /sta/. In addition, although the dyslexic subjects were able to label and discriminate the synthetic speech continua, they did not necessarily use the acoustic cues in the same manner as normal readers, and their overall performance was generally less accurate.

scholarly journals The Development of Infants’ Expectations for Event Timing

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle J. Comishen ◽  
Scott A. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Target Location ◽  
Temporal Information ◽  
Brain Maturation ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Anticipatory Eye Movements ◽  
Event Timing ◽  
Temporal Cues ◽  
Temporal Events ◽  
The Right ◽  
Visual Expectation

The capacity to process and incorporate temporal information into behavioural decisions is an integral component for functioning in our environment. Whereas previous research has extended adults’ temporal processing capacity down the developmental timeline to infants, little research has examined infants’ capacity to use that temporal information in guiding their future behaviours and whether this capacity can detect event-timing differences on the order of milliseconds. The present study examined 3- and 6-month-old infants’ ability to process temporal durations of 700 and 1200 milliseconds by means of the Visual Expectation Cueing Paradigm in which the duration of a central stimulus predicted either a target appearing on the left or on the right of a screen. If 3- and 6-month-old infants could discriminate the milliseconds difference between the centrally-presented temporal cues, then they would correctly make anticipatory eye movements to the proper target location at a rate above chance. Results indicated that 6- but not 3-month-olds successfully discriminated and incorporated events’ temporal information into their visual expectations. Brain maturation and the perceptual capacity to discriminate the relative timing values of temporal events may account for these findings. This developmental limitation in processing and discriminating events on the scale of milliseconds, consequently, may be a limiting factor for attentional and cognitive development that has not previously been explored.

scholarly journals Effect of sinusoidally amplitude modulated broadband noise stimuli on stream segregation in individuals with sensorineural hearing loss

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jawahar Antony P ◽  
Animesh Barman
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Amplitude Modulation ◽  
Modulation Frequency ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Broadband Noise ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Stream Segregation ◽  
Temporal Cues

Background and Aim: Auditory stream segre­gation is a phenomenon that splits sounds into different streams. The temporal cues that contri­bute for stream segregation have been previ­ously studied in normal hearing people. In peo­ple with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), the cues for temporal envelope coding is not usually affected, while the temporal fine structure cues are affected. These two temporal cues depend on the amplitude modulation frequency. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of sin­usoidal amplitude modulated (SAM) broadband noises on stream segregation in individuals with SNHL. Methods: Thirty normal hearing subjects and 30 subjects with mild to moderate bilateral SNHL participated in the study. Two experi­ments were performed; in the first experiment, the AB sequence of broadband SAM stimuli was presented, while in the second experiment, only B sequence was presented. A low (16 Hz) and a high (256 kHz) standard modulation fre­quency were used in these experiments. The subjects were asked to find the irregularities in the rhythmic sequence. Results: Both the study groups could identify the irregularities similarly in both the experi­ments. The minimum cumulative delay was sli­ghtly higher in the SNHL group. Conclusion: It is suggested that the temporal cues provided by the broadband SAM noises for low and high standard modulation frequencies were not used for stream segregation by either normal hearing subjects or those with SNHL. Keywords: Stream segregation; sinusoidal amplitude modulation; sensorineural hearing loss

scholarly journals The temporal transcription factor E93 controls dynamic enhancer activity and chromatin accessibility during development

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer L. Nystrom ◽  
Matthew J. Niederhuber ◽  
Daniel J. McKay
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Chromatin Accessibility ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Spatial Cues ◽  
Enhancer Activity ◽  
Temporal Gene Expression ◽  
Developmental Program ◽  
Temporal Cues

ABSTRACTHow temporal cues combine with spatial inputs to control gene expression during development is poorly understood. Here, we test the hypothesis that the Drosophila transcription factor E93 controls temporal gene expression by regulating chromatin accessibility. Precocious expression of E93 early in wing development reveals that it can simultaneously activate and deactivate different target enhancers. Notably, the precocious patterns of enhancer activity resemble the wild-type patterns that occur later in development, suggesting that provision of E93 alters the competence of enhancers to respond to spatial cues. Genomic profiling reveals that precocious E93 expression is sufficient to regulate chromatin accessibility at a subset of its targets. These accessibility changes mimic those that normally occur later in development, indicating that precocious E93 accelerates the wild-type developmental program. Further, we find that target enhancers that do not respond to precocious E93 in early wings become responsive after a developmental transition, suggesting that parallel temporal pathways work alongside E93. These findings support a model wherein E93 expression functions as an instructive cue that defines a broad window of developmental time through control of chromatin accessibility.

The effects of marker-related temporal cues on auditory gap-duration discrimination

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Stellmack ◽  
Neal F. Viemeister ◽  
Andrew J. Byrne ◽  
Stanley Sheft
Keyword(s):  
Duration Discrimination ◽  
Temporal Cues
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