The utility of conditioning sequences in barostat protocols for the measurement of rectal compliance

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bajwa ◽  
K. Thiruppathy ◽  
A. Emmanuel
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Compliance

Cross-talk along gastrointestinal tract during electrical stimulation: effects and mechanisms of gastric/colonic stimulation on rectal tone in dogs

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (6) ◽  
pp. G1195-G1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Liu ◽  
Lijie Wang ◽  
J. D. Z. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Rectal Compliance ◽  
Rectal Tone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sensory Functions ◽  
Sympathetic Pathway ◽  
Colonic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) has been shown to alter motor and sensory functions of the stomach. However, its effects on other organs of the gut have rarely been investigated. The study was performed in 12 dogs implanted with two pairs of electrodes, one on the serosa of the stomach and the other on the colon. The study was composed of two experiments. Experiment 1 was designed to study the effects of GES on rectal tone and compliance in nine dogs compared with colonic electrical stimulation (CES). Rectal tone and compliance were assessed before and after GES or CES. Experiment 2 was performed to study the involvement of sympathetic pathway in 8 of the 12 dogs. The rectal tone was recorded for 30–40 min at baseline and 20 min after intravenous guanethidine. GES or CES was given for 20 min 20 min after the initiation of the infusion. It was found that both GES and CES reduced rectal tone with comparable potency. Rectal compliance was altered neither with GES, nor with CES. The inhibitory effect of GES but not CES on rectal tone was abolished by an adrenergic blockade, guanethidine. GES inhibited rectal tone with a comparable potency with CES but did not alter rectal compliance. The inhibitory effect of GES on rectal tone is mediated by the sympathetic pathway. It should be noted that electrical stimulation of one organ of the gut may have a beneficial or adverse effect on another organ of the gut.

Measurement of Rectal Compliance

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
L. Hultén ◽  
T. Öresland
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Compliance

scholarly journals Sacral nerve stimulation with appropriate parameters improves constipation in rats by enhancing colon motility mediated via the autonomic-cholinergic mechanisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (5) ◽  
pp. G609-G617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihui Huang ◽  
Shiying Li ◽  
Robert D. Foreman ◽  
Jieyun Yin ◽  
Ning Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Fecal Incontinence ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Sacral Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Colon Motility ◽  
Rectal Compliance ◽  
Sacral Nerve ◽  
Cholinergic Function ◽  
Colon Transit

Although sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) has been applied for treating constipation, its parameters were adopted from SNS for fecal incontinence, its effects are limited, and mechanisms are largely unknown. We investigated the effects and mechanism of SNS with appropriate parameters on constipation in rats treated with loperamide. First, using rectal compliance as an outcome measure, an experiment was performed to derive effective SNS parameters. Then, a 7-day SNS was performed in rats with constipation induced by loperamide. Autonomic functions were assessed by spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) derived from an electrocardiogram. Serum levels of pancreatic polypeptide (PP), norepinephrine (NE), and acetylcholine (ACh) in colon were assessed. 1) Acute SNS at 5 Hz, 100 µs was found effective in enhancing rectal compliance and accelerating distal colon transit ( P < 0.05 vs. sham SNS). 2) The 7-day SNS normalized loperamide-induced constipation, assessed by the number, weight, and water content of fecal pellets, and accelerated the distal colon transit (29.4 ± 3.7 min with sham SNS vs. 16.4 ± 5.3 min with SNS but not gastric emptying or intestinal transit. 3) SNS significantly increased vagal activity ( P = 0.035) and decreased sympathetic activity ( P = 0.012), assessed by spectral analysis of HRV as well as by the serum PP. 4) SNS increased ACh in the colon tissue; atropine blocked the accelerative effect of SNS on distal colon transit. We concluded that SNS with appropriate parameters improves constipation induced by loperamide by accelerating distal colon motility, mediated via the autonomic-cholinergic function. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) has been applied for treating constipation, its parameters were adopted from SNS for fecal incontinence, effects are limited, and mechanisms are largely unknown. This paper shows that SNS with appropriate parameters improves constipation induced by loperamide by accelerating distal colon motility mediated via the autonomic-cholinergic function.

Simulated stool for assessment of anorectal physiology

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (4) ◽  
pp. G462-G468
Author(s):  
Ssu-Chi Chen ◽  
Kaori Futaba ◽  
Wing Wa Leung ◽  
Cherry Wong ◽  
Tony Mak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorectal Function ◽  
Anorectal Physiology ◽  
Motor Disorders ◽  
Dynamic Measurements ◽  
Rectal Compliance ◽  
Defecatory Function ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Anorectal Diseases ◽  
Advanced Analysis

Fecal continence is maintained by several mechanisms including anatomical factors, anorectal sensation, rectal compliance, stool consistency, anal muscle strength, mobility, and psychological factors. The homeostatic balance is easily disturbed, resulting in symptoms including fecal incontinence and constipation. Current technologies for assessment of anorectal function have limitations. Overlap exist between data obtained in different patient groups, and there is lack of correlation between measurements and symptoms. This review describes a novel technology named Fecobionics for assessment of anorectal physiology. Fecobionics is a simulated stool, capable of dynamic measurements of a variety of variables during defecation in a single examination. The data facilitate novel analysis of defecatory function as well as providing the foundation for modeling studies of anorectal behavior. The advanced analysis can enhance our physiological understanding of defecation and future interdisciplinary research for unraveling defecatory function, anorectal sensory-motor disorders, and symptoms. This is a step in the direction of improved diagnosis of anorectal diseases.

Rectal compliance: a critical reappraisal

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Madoff ◽  
W. J. Orrom ◽  
D. A. Rothenberger ◽  
S. M. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Compliance

996 - Pharmacological Modulation of Rectal Compliance in Fecal Incontinence

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. S-185
Author(s):  
Mayank Sharma ◽  
Kelly Feuerhak ◽  
Alan R. Zinsmeister ◽  
Adil E. Bharucha
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Incontinence ◽  
Rectal Compliance ◽  
Pharmacological Modulation

Tu2018 Rectal Compliance, Acclimation, and Bowel Symptoms in Women With Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

2012 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. S-902-S-903
Author(s):  
Sagar R. Shroff ◽  
C. Prakash Gyawali ◽  
Amir Sabzpoushan ◽  
Navya D. Kanuri ◽  
Billy D. Nix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Rectal Compliance ◽  
Bowel Symptoms ◽  
Irritable Bowel

New Insight into Rectal Function in Pediatric Defecation Disorders: Disturbed Rectal Compliance is an Essential Mechanism in Pediatric Constipation

2006 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wieger P. Voskuijl ◽  
Rijk van Ginkel ◽  
Marc A. Benninga ◽  
Guus A. Hart ◽  
Jan A.J.M. Taminiau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Compliance ◽  
Defecation Disorders ◽  
Insight Into
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