Trait groups as management entities in a complex, multi‐species reef fishery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Anderson ◽  
Peter Houk ◽  
Mark G. R. Miller ◽  
Javier Cuetos‐Bueno ◽  
Curtis Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trait Groups

scholarly journals Patterns of phenotypic correlations among morphological traits across plants and animals

2014 ◽  
Vol 369 (1649) ◽  
pp. 20130246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey K. Conner ◽  
Idelle A. Cooper ◽  
Raffica J. La Rosa ◽  
Samuel G. Pérez ◽  
Anne M. Royer
Keyword(s):  
Functional Independence ◽  
Floral Traits ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Complete Metamorphosis ◽  
Trait Groups

Despite the long-standing interest of biologists in patterns of correlation and phenotypic integration, little attention has been paid to patterns of correlation across a broad phylogenetic spectrum. We report analyses of mean phenotypic correlations among a variety of linear measurements from a wide diversity of plants and animals, addressing questions about function, development, integration and modularity. These analyses suggest that vertebrates, hemimetabolous insects and vegetative traits in plants have similar mean correlations, around 0.5. Traits of holometabolous insects are much more highly correlated, with a mean correlation of 0.84; this may be due to developmental homeostasis caused by lower spatial and temporal environmental variance during complete metamorphosis. The lowest mean correlations were those between floral and vegetative traits, consistent with Berg's ideas about functional independence between these modules. Within trait groups, the lowest mean correlations were among vertebrate head traits and floral traits (0.38–0.39). The former may be due to independence between skull modules. While there is little evidence for floral integration overall, certain sets of functionally related floral traits are highly integrated. A case study of the latter is described from wild radish flowers.

Birds of a feather flock together: Using trait-groups to understand the effect of macropod grazing on birds in grassy habitats

2016 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett W.A. Howland ◽  
Dejan Stojanovic ◽  
Iain J. Gordon ◽  
Jim Radford ◽  
Adrian D. Manning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trait Groups

Effects of State-Trait Anxiety and Task Difficulty on Paired-Associate Learning

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Reeves ◽  
William W. May
Keyword(s):  
Paired Associate ◽  
Paired Associate Learning ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Associate Learning ◽  
Trait Theory ◽  
Learning Tasks ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Trait Groups ◽  
Better Than

The prediction from state-trait theory and drive theory that high A-State subjects will perform better than low A-State subjects on an easy task and more poorly on a more difficult task was tested using paired-associate learning tasks. This prediction was not supported, as low A-State subjects made fewer errors than high A-State subjects on both the easy and difficult tasks. High A-Trait groups responded with higher A-State in both pre- and post-treatment conditions than did low A-Trait groups as predicted by state-trait theory. Low A-Trait groups showed greater gains in pre-treatment to post-treatment A-State than did high A-Trait groups, a result which supported neither state-trait theory nor Saltz's (1970) hypothesis. Implications for research were discussed.

scholarly journals Principal component analysis of conformation traits in Hungarian Simmental cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Evelin Török ◽  
István Komlósi ◽  
Béla Béri ◽  
Imre Füller ◽  
Barnabás Vágó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Type Traits ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Trait Groups

The aim of the current research was to analyze the linear type traits of Hungarian Simmental dual-purpose cows scored in the first lactation using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Data collected by the Association of Hungarian Simmental Breeders were studied during the work. The filtered database contained the results of 8 868 cows, born after 1997. From the evaluation of main conformation traits, the highest correlations (r = 0.35, P < 0.05) were found between mammary system and feet and legs traits. Within linear type traits, the highest correlation was observed between rump length and rump width (r = 0.81, P < 0.05). Using the principal component analysis, main conformation traits were combined into groups. There were three factors having 84.5 as total variance ratio after varimax rotation. Cluster analysis verified the results of the principal component analysis as most of the trait groups were similar. The strongest relationship was observed between feet and legs and mammary system (main conformation traits) and between rump length and rump width (linear type traits).

scholarly journals Principal component analysis of performance test traits in Hungarian Sporthorse mares

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
J. Posta ◽  
I. Komlósi ◽  
S. Mihók
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Principal Component Analyses ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Probable Consequence ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Analysis Of Performance ◽  
Trait Groups

Abstract. The analysis utilized data on performance traits recorded between 1993 and 2004 on 3- and 4-year-old Hungarian Sporthorse mares. Traits were categorized in three groups, chosen to describe conformation, free jumping and movement. Low to moderate correlations were found among traits within each of those groups. There were high correlations between type and frame for both ages; and within free jumping performance traits, jumping style and jumping ability were highly correlated as well. In principal component analyses of test results for 3- and 4-year-old mares, 9 factors (ratio of variance = 80.935) and 7 factors (ratio of variance = 74.115) were identified, respectively. Dendograms based upon cluster analysis verified the separation of trait groups. The trait of "impulsion in elasticity of movement" could be assigned to movement traits in 3-year-old; but as a probable consequence of training, it could be assigned to conformation traits, especially to overall impression, when horses were 4-year-old.

scholarly journals Variable elements of metacommunity structure across an aquatic-terrestrial ecotone

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D Tonkin ◽  
Stefan Stoll ◽  
Sonja C Jähnig ◽  
Peter Haase
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Context Dependency ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Environmental Filters ◽  
Metacommunity Structure ◽  
Random Distributions ◽  
Trait Groups ◽  
Elements Of Metacommunity Structure

The Elements of Metacommunity Structure (EMS) framework gives rise to important ecological insights through the distinction of metacommunities into several different idealised structures. We examined the EMS in assemblages occupying a low-mountain river system in central Germany, sampled over three consecutive years. We compared the idealised distributions of assemblages in both the riparian floodplain zone (carabid beetles and spiders) and the benthic instream environment (benthic invertebrates). We further grouped instream organisms into taxonomic and trait groups to examine whether greater competition signal emerges in more similar species groups. We found little evidence of strong competition, even for trait-modality groups, and nestedness was almost non-existent. In addition to random distributions, Gleasonian distributions (indicating clear, but individualistic turnover between sites) were the most commonly identified structure. Clear differences were apparent between different trait groups, particularly between within-trait modalities. These were most evident for different dispersal modes and life cycle durations, with strong dispersers showing possible signs of mass effects. While random distributions may have partly reflected small sample sizes, clearly coherent patterns were evident for many groups, indicating a sufficient gradient in environmental conditions. The prevalence of random distributions suggests many species are responding to a variety of environmental filters in these river-floodplain metacommunities in an anthropogenically-dominated landscape, whereas Gleasonian distributions indicate species are responding idiosyncratically to a primary environmental gradient. Our findings further emphasise the prevalence of context dependency (spatio-temporal variability) in metacommunity studies and emphasise the need to further disentangle the causes of such variation.

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