scholarly journals Using metapopulation theory for practical conservation of mangrove endemic birds

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Huang ◽  
Stuart L. Pimm ◽  
Chandra Giri
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Birds ◽  
Metapopulation Theory

scholarly journals Metapopulation Patterns of Iberian Butterflies Revealed by Fuzzy Logic

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Antonio Pulido-Pastor ◽  
Ana Luz Márquez ◽  
José Carlos Guerrero ◽  
Enrique García-Barros ◽  
Raimundo Real
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Set Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Set Theory ◽  
Metapopulation Dynamics ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Metapopulation Structure ◽  
Occurrence Data ◽  
Metapopulation Theory ◽  
The Cost

Metapopulation theory considers that the populations of many species are fragmented into patches connected by the migration of individuals through an interterritorial matrix. We applied fuzzy set theory and environmental favorability (F) functions to reveal the metapopulational structure of the 222 butterfly species in the Iberian Peninsula. We used the sets of contiguous grid cells with high favorability (F ≥ 0.8), to identify the favorable patches for each species. We superimposed the known occurrence data to reveal the occupied and empty favorable patches, as unoccupied patches are functional in a metapopulation dynamics analysis. We analyzed the connectivity between patches of each metapopulation by focusing on the territory of intermediate and low favorability for the species (F < 0.8). The friction that each cell opposes to the passage of individuals was computed as 1-F. We used the r.cost function of QGIS to calculate the cost of reaching each cell from a favorable patch. The inverse of the cost was computed as connectivity. Only 126 species can be considered to have a metapopulation structure. These metapopulation structures are part of the dark biodiversity of butterflies because their identification is not evident from the observation of the occurrence data but was revealed using favorability functions.

The effects of the Taklimakan Desert Highway on endemic birds Podoces biddulphi

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 12-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Xu ◽  
Weikang Yang ◽  
Wenxuan Xu ◽  
Canjun Xia ◽  
Haohong Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Endemic Birds ◽  
The Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Desert Highway

Classical metapopulation theory as a useful paradigm for the conservation of an endangered amphibian

2012 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey W. Heard ◽  
Michael P. Scroggie ◽  
Brian S. Malone
Keyword(s):  
Metapopulation Theory

Endemic birds of the Atlantic Forest: traits, conservation status, and patterns of biodiversity

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana M. Vale ◽  
Luara Tourinho ◽  
Maria Lucia Lorini ◽  
Henrique Rajão ◽  
Marcos S. L. Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Endemic Birds

scholarly journals Disease epidemic and a marine heat wave are associated with the continental-scale collapse of a pivotal predator (Pycnopodia helianthoides)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. eaau7042 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Harvell ◽  
D. Montecino-Latorre ◽  
J. M. Caldwell ◽  
J. M. Burt ◽  
K. Bosley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Star ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Endemic Birds ◽  
Ecosystem Level ◽  
The Common ◽  
Trawl Surveys

Multihost infectious disease outbreaks have endangered wildlife, causing extinction of frogs and endemic birds, and widespread declines of bats, corals, and abalone. Since 2013, a sea star wasting disease has affected >20 sea star species from Mexico to Alaska. The common, predatory sunflower star (Pycnopodia helianthoides), shown to be highly susceptible to sea star wasting disease, has been extirpated across most of its range. Diver surveys conducted in shallow nearshore waters (n= 10,956; 2006–2017) from California to Alaska and deep offshore (55 to 1280 m) trawl surveys from California to Washington (n= 8968; 2004–2016) reveal 80 to 100% declines across a ~3000-km range. Furthermore, timing of peak declines in nearshore waters coincided with anomalously warm sea surface temperatures. The rapid, widespread decline of this pivotal subtidal predator threatens its persistence and may have large ecosystem-level consequences.

Metapopulation theory, its use and misuse

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkka Hanski
Keyword(s):  
Metapopulation Theory

Drivers and trends in the extinction risk of New Zealand's endemic birds

2020 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 108730
Author(s):  
Juan C. Garcia-R ◽  
Moreno Di Marco
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Endemic Birds

scholarly journals How to find a metapopulationThis review is one of a series dealing with some aspects of the impact of habitat fragmentation on animals and plants. This series is one of several virtual symposia focussing on ecological topics that will be published in the Journal from time to time.

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 1031-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Metapopulation Dynamics ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Fragmented Landscapes ◽  
Metapopulation Theory ◽  
Metapopulation Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Where habitat loss and fragmentation is severe, many native species are likely to have reduced levels of dispersal between remnant populations. For those species to avoid regional extinction in fragmented landscapes, they must undergo some kind of metapopulation dynamics so that local extinctions are countered by recolonisation. The importance of spatial dynamics for regional survival means that research into metapopulation dynamics is essential. In this review I explore the approaches taken to examine metapopulation dynamics, highlight the analytical methods used to get the most information out of field data, and discover some of the major research gaps. Statistical models, including Hanski’s incidence function model (IFM) are frequently applied to presence–absence data, an approach that is often strengthened using long-term data sets that document extinctions and colonisations. Recent developments are making the IFM more biologically realistic and expanding the range of situations for which the model is relevant. Although accurate predictions using the IFM seem unlikely, it may be useful for ranking management decisions. A key weakness of presence–absence modelling is that the mechanisms underlying spatial dynamics remain inferential, so combining modelling approaches with detailed demographic research is warranted. For species where very large data sets cannot be obtained to facilitate statistical modelling, a demographic approach alone or with stochastic modelling may be the only viable research angle to take. Dispersal is a central process in metapopulation dynamics. Research combining mark–recapture or telemetry methods with model-selection procedures demonstrate that dispersal is frequently oversimplified in conceptual and statistical metapopulation models. Dispersal models like the island model that underlies classic metapopulation theory do not approximate the behaviour of real species in fragmented landscapes. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain if additional biological realism will improve predictions of statistical metapopulation models. Genetic methods can give better estimates of dispersal than direct methods and take less effort, so they should be routinely explored alongside direct ecological methods. Recent development of metacommunity theory (communities connected by dispersal) emphasises a range of mechanisms that complement metapopulation theory. Taking both theories into account will enhance interpretation of field data. The extent of metapopulation dynamics in human modified landscapes remains uncertain, but we have a powerful array of field and analytical approaches for reducing this knowledge gap. The most informative way forward requires that many species are studied in the same fragmented landscape by applying a selection of approaches that reveal complementary aspects of spatial dynamics.

Biogeographic patterns, origin and speciation of the endemic birds from eastern Brazilian mountaintops: a review

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson V. Chaves ◽  
Guilherme H. S. Freitas ◽  
Marcelo F. Vasconcelos ◽  
Fabrício R. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Endemic Birds
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