Combined Effects of Climate Change and Bank Stabilization on Shallow Water Habitats of Chinook Salmon

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1201-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEFFREY C. JORGENSEN ◽  
MICHELLE M. MCCLURE ◽  
MINDI B. SHEER ◽  
NANCY L. MUNN
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Bank Stabilization

scholarly journals Winter Wheat Adaptation to Climate Change in Turkey

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 689
Author(s):  
Yuksel Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Plant Characteristics

Climate change scenarios reveal that Turkey’s wheat production area is under the combined effects of heat and drought stresses. The adverse effects of climate change have just begun to be experienced in Turkey’s spring and the winter wheat zones. However, climate change is likely to affect the winter wheat zone more severely. Fortunately, there is a fast, repeatable, reliable and relatively affordable way to predict climate change effects on winter wheat (e.g., testing winter wheat in the spring wheat zone). For this purpose, 36 wheat genotypes in total, consisting of 14 spring and 22 winter types, were tested under the field conditions of the Southeastern Anatolia Region, a representative of the spring wheat zone of Turkey, during the two cropping seasons (2017–2018 and 2019–2020). Simultaneous heat (>30 °C) and drought (<40 mm) stresses occurring in May and June during both growing seasons caused drastic losses in winter wheat grain yield and its components. Declines in plant characteristics of winter wheat genotypes, compared to those of spring wheat genotypes using as a control treatment, were determined as follows: 46.3% in grain yield, 23.7% in harvest index, 30.5% in grains per spike and 19.4% in thousand kernel weight, whereas an increase of 282.2% in spike sterility occurred. On the other hand, no substantial changes were observed in plant height (10 cm longer than that of spring wheat) and on days to heading (25 days more than that of spring wheat) of winter wheat genotypes. In general, taller winter wheat genotypes tended to lodge. Meanwhile, it became impossible to avoid the combined effects of heat and drought stresses during anthesis and grain filling periods because the time to heading of winter wheat genotypes could not be shortened significantly. In conclusion, our research findings showed that many winter wheat genotypes would not successfully adapt to climate change. It was determined that specific plant characteristics such as vernalization requirement, photoperiod sensitivity, long phenological duration (lack of earliness per se) and vulnerability to diseases prevailing in the spring wheat zone, made winter wheat difficult to adapt to climate change. The most important strategic step that can be taken to overcome these challenges is that Turkey’s wheat breeding program objectives should be harmonized with the climate change scenarios.

scholarly journals Combined effects of warming and hypoxia on early life stage Chinook salmon physiology and development

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelise M Del Rio ◽  
Brittany E Davis ◽  
Nann A Fangue ◽  
Anne E Todgham
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Early Life Stage ◽  
Combined Effects

scholarly journals Forecasting the combined effects of anticipated climate change and agricultural conservation practices on fish recruitment dynamics in Lake Erie

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1487-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Dippold ◽  
Noel R. Aloysius ◽  
Steven Conor Keitzer ◽  
Haw Yen ◽  
Jeffrey G. Arnold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Agricultural Conservation ◽  
Fish Recruitment

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the Pontogammarus robustoides (Amphipoda, Gammaridae) Adaptive Reactions to the Water Temperature Increasing in the Model Ecosystem – Microcosm

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (08) ◽  
pp. 365-374
Author(s):  
Victor Romanenko ◽  
Olexander Romanenko ◽  
Yurii Krot ◽  
Anna Podruhina
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Critical Values ◽  
Model Ecosystem ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Pontogammarus Robustoides ◽  
Adaptive Reactions

The crustaceans’ family Gammaridae populations’ adaptive reactions with a water temperature increasing to the critical values were studied in the model ecosystem – the microcosm. The experiment included investigation of such indexes as population dimensional composition, precopulatory activity, number of oviparous females, embryogenesis duration, and energy metabolism at the different phases of thermocycle. Obtained data revealed optimal and critical for gammarid’s viability temperature conditions of environment. It is assumed that under conditions of climate change, when water temperature sharp fluctuations take place, in the Kyiv reservoir (Dnipro River, Ukraine) coastal shallow water crustacean’s family Gammaridae components of the invertebrates associations the structural and functional changes are expected. Temperature increasing to the critical values will promote the animals migration processes intensification; incapable of this animals will perish. Gammarids with ability to migrate in direction of areas with more favorable for their viability conditions will have a significant advantage.

scholarly journals Combined Effects of Drought and Density on Body and Antler Size of Male Iberian Red DeerCervus Elaphus Hispanicus: Climate Change Implications

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerónimo Torres-Porras ◽  
Juan Carranza ◽  
Javier Pérez-González
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Antler Size ◽  
Effects Of Drought

scholarly journals Synergistic effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on the metabolic scope and activity in a shallow-water coastal decapod (Metapenaeus joyneri; Crustacea: Penaeidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1147-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awantha Dissanayake ◽  
Atsushi Ishimatsu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Metabolic Scope ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature

Abstract Dissanayake, A., and Ishimatsu, A. 2011. Synergistic effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on the metabolic scope and activity in a shallow-water coastal decapod (Metapenaeus joyneri; Crustacea: Penaeidae). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1147–1154. The physical drivers of climate change (increased CO2; hypercapnia and temperature) are causing increasing warming of the earth's oceans, elevating oceanic CO2 concentrations, and acidity. Elucidating possible climate change impacts on marine biota is of paramount importance, because generally, invertebrates are more sensitive to hypercapnia than fish. This study addresses impacts of synergistic factors; hypercapnia and temperature on osmoregulation, acid–base balance, and resting and active metabolism (assessed as oxygen consumption rates) and behavioural performance in a model nektonic crustacean. Metapenaeus joyneri exposed to both hypercapnia (1 kPa) at two temperatures (15 and 20°C) demonstrated significant physiological effects, i.e. new regulatory set points (lower haemolymph osmolality and higher pH, i.e. alkalosis) and reduced metabolic scope (MS), compared with control individuals (normocapnia, 0.04 kPa). Behavioural effects included a significant 30% reduction in swimming ability and may be the result of reduced MS (i.e. difference between active and routine metabolism). Synergistic factors may cause organisms to shift energy utilization towards up-regulation of maintenance functions (i.e. osmoregulatory ability) resulting in a decrease in both aerobic scope and energy-demanding activities. Laboratory-derived evidence elucidating the impacts in key model groups is of paramount importance, if we are to improve our knowledge of physiological effects of synergistic climate change factors.

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