scholarly journals Effect of exosomes from adipose‐derived stem cells on the apoptosis of Schwann cells in peripheral nerve injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cai‐Yue Liu ◽  
Gang Yin ◽  
Yi‐Dan Sun ◽  
Yao‐Fa Lin ◽  
Zheng Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells

Adipose‐derived stem cells delay muscle atrophy after peripheral nerve injury in the rodent model

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin K. Schilling ◽  
M. Asher Schusterman ◽  
Deok‐Yeol Kim ◽  
Alexander J. Repko ◽  
Katarina C. Klett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells

scholarly journals Past, Present, and Future of Nerve Conduits in the Treatment of Peripheral Nerve Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikeremujiang Muheremu ◽  
Qiang Ao
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Nerve Conduits ◽  
New Construction

With significant advances in the research and application of nerve conduits, they have been used to repair peripheral nerve injury for several decades. Nerve conduits range from biological tubes to synthetic tubes, and from nondegradable tubes to biodegradable tubes. Researchers have explored hollow tubes, tubes filled with scaffolds containing neurotrophic factors, and those seeded with Schwann cells or stem cells. The therapeutic effect of nerve conduits is improving with increasing choice of conduit material, new construction of conduits, and the inclusion of neurotrophic factors and support cells in the conduits. Improvements in functional outcomes are expected when these are optimized for use in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Perspective on Schwann Cells Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Peripheral Nerve Tissue Engineering

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2497
Author(s):  
Zhong Huang ◽  
Rebecca Powell ◽  
James B. Phillips ◽  
Kirsten Haastert-Talini
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Schwann cells play a crucial role in successful peripheral nerve repair and regeneration by supporting both axonal growth and myelination. Schwann cells are therefore a feasible option for cell therapy treatment of peripheral nerve injury. However, sourcing human Schwann cells at quantities required for development beyond research is challenging. Due to their availability, rapid in vitro expansion, survival, and integration within the host tissue, stem cells have attracted considerable attention as candidate cell therapies. Among them, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with the associated prospects for personalized treatment are a promising therapy to take the leap from bench to bedside. In this critical review, we firstly focus on the current knowledge of the Schwann cell phenotype in regard to peripheral nerve injury, including crosstalk with the immune system during peripheral nerve regeneration. Then, we review iPSC to Schwann cell derivation protocols and the results from recent in vitro and in vivo studies. We finally conclude with some prospects for the use of iPSCs in clinical settings.

Autologous fat grafting for nerve regeneration and neuropathic pain: current state from bench-to-bedside

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2209-2228
Author(s):  
Amir Dehdashtian ◽  
Jarred V Bratley ◽  
Shelby R Svientek ◽  
Theodore A Kung ◽  
Tariq M Awan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Autologous Fat Grafting ◽  
Autologous Fat

Despite recent advances in microsurgical techniques, functional recovery following peripheral nerve injury remains slow and inadequate. Poor peripheral nerve regeneration not only leaves patients with significant impairments, but also commonly leads to the development of debilitating neuropathic pain. Recent research has demonstrated the potential therapeutic benefits of adipose-derived stem cells, to enhance nerve regeneration. However, clinical translation remains limited due to the current regulatory burdens of the US FDA. A reliable and immediately translatable alternative is autologous fat grafting, where native adipose-derived stem cells present in the transferred tissue can potentially act upon regenerating axons. This review presents the scope of adipose tissue-based therapies to enhance outcomes following peripheral nerve injury, specifically focusing on their role in regeneration and ameliorating neuropathic pain.

Transplantation of Schwann cells in a collagen tube for the repair of large, segmental peripheral nerve defects in rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 720-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yerko A. Berrocal ◽  
Vania W. Almeida ◽  
Ranjan Gupta ◽  
Allan D. Levi
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Myelinated Axons ◽  
Segmental Nerve ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Object Segmental nerve defects pose a daunting clinical challenge, as peripheral nerve injury studies have established that there is a critical nerve gap length for which the distance cannot be successfully bridged with current techniques. Construction of a neural prosthesis filled with Schwann cells (SCs) could provide an alternative treatment to successfully repair these long segmental gaps in the peripheral nervous system. The object of this study was to evaluate the ability of autologous SCs to increase the length at which segmental nerve defects can be bridged using a collagen tube. Methods The authors studied the use of absorbable collagen conduits in combination with autologous SCs (200,000 cells/μl) to promote axonal growth across a critical size defect (13 mm) in the sciatic nerve of male Fischer rats. Control groups were treated with serum only–filled conduits of reversed sciatic nerve autografts. Animals were assessed for survival of the transplanted SCs as well as the quantity of myelinated axons in the proximal, middle, and distal portions of the channel. Results Schwann cell survival was confirmed at 4 and 16 weeks postsurgery by the presence of prelabeled green fluorescent protein–positive SCs within the regenerated cable. The addition of SCs to the nerve guide significantly enhanced the regeneration of myelinated axons from the nerve stump into the proximal (p < 0.001) and middle points (p < 0.01) of the tube at 4 weeks. The regeneration of myelinated axons at 16 weeks was significantly enhanced throughout the entire length of the nerve guide (p < 0.001) as compared with their number in a serum–only filled tube and was similar in number compared with the reversed autograft. Autotomy scores were significantly lower in the animals whose sciatic nerve was repaired with a collagen conduit either without (p < 0.01) or with SCs (p < 0.001) when compared with a reversed autograft. Conclusions The technique of adding SCs to a guidance channel significantly enhanced the gap distance that can be repaired after peripheral nerve injury with long segmental defects and holds promise in humans. Most importantly, this study represents some of the first essential steps in bringing autologous SC-based therapies to the domain of peripheral nerve injuries with long segmental defects.

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