Comparing factors affecting dental‐implant loss between age groups: A retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obida Boboeva ◽  
Tae‐Geon Kwon ◽  
Jin‐Wook Kim ◽  
Sung‐Tak Lee ◽  
So‐Young Choi
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Factors Affecting

Pure Tone Audiometry Threshold Changes for 10 Years in the Same Individuals of General Population: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hantai Kim ◽  
Jungho Ha ◽  
Hun Yi Park
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Hearing Ability ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Hearing Loss

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to measure the changes in hearing thresholds in the same individuals during a period of 10 years and suggest a clinical reference for the threshold changes by aging. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we used regular health checkup data including 2 pure tone audiometry results with a 10-year interval in the same individuals from 1288 subjects. The subjects’ data including demographics, smoking habits, and the diagnosis of chronic diseases were used. Results: Age, male gender, smoking, and osteoporosis were identified as factors affecting age-related hearing loss (ARHL). The sole effect of aging on ARHL for 10 years according to age groups and genders was as follows: a loss of 1.4 dB in 20s, 4.0 dB in 30s, 5.0 dB in 40s, 8.2 dB in 50s, and 11.2 dB in 60s of males compared to a loss of 2.3 dB in 20s, 2.9 dB in 30s, 5.1 dB in 40s, 6.5 dB in 50s, and 9.4 dB in 60s of females. Conclusions: We could demonstrate the actual effect of aging on ARHL, and it can be used as a clinical reference. Hearing ability decreases more in males than females but seems to decrease exponentially with age in both males and females.

scholarly journals How effective and cost-effective is water fluoridation for adults? Protocol for a 10-year retrospective cohort study

BDJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Moore ◽  
Thomas Allen ◽  
Stephen Birch ◽  
Martin Tickle ◽  
Tanya Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Water Fluoridation

Abstract Background Tooth decay can cause pain, sleepless nights and loss of productive workdays. Fluoridation of drinking water was identified in the 1940s as a cost-effective method of prevention. In the mid-1970s, fluoride toothpastes became widely available. Since then, in high-income countries the prevalence of tooth decay in children has reduced whilst natural tooth retention in older age groups has increased. Most water fluoridation research was carried out before these dramatic changes in fluoride availability and oral health. Furthermore, there is a paucity of evidence in adults. The aim of this study is to assess the clinical and cost-effectiveness of water fluoridation in preventing invasive dental treatment in adults and adolescents aged over 12. Methods/design Retrospective cohort study using 10 years of routinely available dental treatment data. Individuals exposed to water fluoridation will be identified by sampled water fluoride concentration linked to place of residence. Outcomes will be based on the number of invasive dental treatments received per participant (fillings, extractions, root canal treatments). A generalised linear model with clustering by local authority area will be used for analysis. The model will include area level propensity scores and individual-level covariates. The economic evaluation will focus on (1) cost-effectiveness as assessed by the water fluoridation mean cost per invasive treatment avoided and (2) a return on investment from the public sector perspective, capturing the change in cost of dental service utilisation resulting from investment in water fluoridation. Discussions There is a well-recognised need for contemporary evidence regarding the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of water fluoridation, particularly for adults. The absence of such evidence for all age groups may lead to an underestimation of the potential benefits of a population-wide, rather than targeted, fluoride delivery programme. This study will utilise a pragmatic design to address the information needs of policy makers in a timely manner.

Exploring factors affecting critical care response team service at a tertiary hospital in Riyadh: A retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Abdulmajeed Alhaidari ◽  
Maram Busuhail ◽  
Sara Alsultan ◽  
Sultan Alshammari ◽  
Abdullah Alshimemeri
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Care Response

scholarly journals Effects on renal outcome of concomitant acute pyelonephritis, acute kidney injury and obstruction duration in obstructive uropathy by urolithiasis: a retrospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e030438
Author(s):  
Eung Hyun Lee ◽  
Su-Hyun Kim ◽  
Jung-ho Shin ◽  
Sung Bin Park ◽  
Byung Hoon Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Obstructive Uropathy ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Outcome ◽  
Factors Affecting

ObjectiveObstruction release from urolithiasis can be delayed with a lack of suggested time for preventing the deterioration of renal function. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of obstruction duration, concomitant acute kidney injury (AKI) or acute pyelonephritis (APN) during the obstruction on the prognosis of renal function.DesignRetrospective cohort study.Setting and participants1607 patients from a urolithiasis-related obstructive uropathy cohort, between January 2005 and December 2015.Outcome measuresEstimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decrease ≥30% and/or end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and eGFR decrease ≥50% and/or ESRD, according to obstruction duration, AKI and APN accompanied by obstructive uropathy.ResultsWhen the prognosis was divided by obstruction duration quartile, the longer the obstruction duration the higher the probability of eGFR reduction >50% (p=0.02). In patients with concomitant APN or severe AKI during hospitalisation with obstructive uropathy, an eGFR decrease of >30% and >50% occurred more frequently, compared with others (p<0.001). When we adjusted for sex, age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, APN, AKI grades and obstruction release >7 days for multivariate analysis, we found that concomitant APN (HR 3.495, 95% CI 1.942 to 6.289, p<0.001), concomitant AKI (HR 3.284, 95% CI 1.354 to 7.965, p=0.009 for AKI stage II; HR 6.425, 95% CI 2.599 to 15.881, p<0.001 for AKI stage III) and an obstruction duration >7 days (HR 1.854, 95% CI 1.095 to 3.140, p=0.001) were independently associated with an eGFR decrease >50%. Tree analysis also showed that AKI grade 3, APN and an obstruction duration >7 days were the most important factors affecting renal outcome.ConclusionsIn patients with urolithiasis-related obstructive uropathy, concomitant APN was strongly associated with deterioration of renal function after obstruction release. The elapsed time to release the obstruction also affected renal function.

Factors affecting in-hospital mortality of diabetic ketoacidosis patients: A retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 108588
Author(s):  
Yukihito Sato ◽  
Kojiro Morita ◽  
Akira Okada ◽  
Hiroki Matsui ◽  
Kiyohide Fushimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Trends in self-poisoning and psychotropic drug use in people aged 5–19 years: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Australia

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e026001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Cairns ◽  
Emily A Karanges ◽  
Anselm Wong ◽  
Jared A Brown ◽  
Jeff Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Psychotropic Medicine ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Harm

ObjectivesTo characterise trends in self-poisoning and psychotropic medicine use in young Australians.DesignPopulation-based retrospective cohort study.SettingCalls taken by the New South Wales and Victorian Poisons Information Centres (2006–2016, accounting for 70% of Australian poisoning calls); medicine dispensings in the 10% sample of Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme data (July 2012 to June 2016).ParticipantsPeople aged 5–19 years.Main outcome measuresYearly trends in intentional poisoning exposure calls, substances taken in intentional poisonings, a prevalence of psychotropic use (dispensing of antidepressants, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines and medicines for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)).ResultsThere were 33 501 intentional poisonings in people aged 5–19 years, with an increase of 8.39% per year (95% CI 6.08% to 10.74%, p<0.0001), with a 98% increase overall, 2006–2016. This effect was driven by increased poisonings in those born after 1997, suggesting a birth cohort effect. Females outnumbered males 3:1. Substances most commonly taken in self-poisonings were paracetamol, ibuprofen, fluoxetine, ethanol, quetiapine, paracetamol/opioid combinations, sertraline and escitalopram. Psychotropic dispensing also increased, with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) increasing 40% and 35% July 2012 to June 2016 in those aged 5–14 and 15–19, respectively. Fluoxetine was the most dispensed SSRI. Antipsychotics increased by 13% and 10%, while ADHD medication dispensing increased by 16% and 10%, in those aged 5–14 and 15–19, respectively. Conversely, dispensing of benzodiazepines to these age groups decreased by 4% and 5%, respectively.ConclusionsOur results signal a generation that is increasingly engaging in self-harm and is increasingly prescribed psychotropic medications. These findings indicate growing mental distress in this cohort. Since people who self-harm are at increased risk of suicide later in life, these results may foretell future increases in suicide rates in Australia.

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