Urbanscapes of Disaster: The Sociopolitical and Spatial Processes Underpinning Vulnerability within a Slum in Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frida Güiza ◽  
Yadira Méndez–Lemus ◽  
Michael K. McCall
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Spatial Processes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Urban Model ◽  
Vulnerable People

Urbanscapes of disaster are socially and environmentally constituted. Drawing upon the theoretical framework of social vulnerability to disasters, the concept of urbanscape is enriched and empirically verified. This paper highlights how urban social hazards are more relevant for vulnerable people than the risk of experiencing the negative effects of extreme natural events. The analysis of floods in a slum located in a Mexican city reveals intricate socioenvironmental conditions underpinning a disaster process. Findings reveal that social, political, and economic hazards (including criminal hazards), imposed by the urban model on its inhabitants, are the most difficult to cope with and adapt to. This paper contributes to the wider literature on disasters, presenting an in–depth qualitative analysis of the factors propelling urban dwellers to endure in a vulnerable urbanscape, regardless of the physical and environmental conditions at the site.

scholarly journals Surgeons, surgeries, and operating rooms in television medical series

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Eszter Nádasi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Media Studies ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Cultivation Theory ◽  
Prime Time ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Medical Drama

The longest-running American prime-time television medical series, Grey’s Anatomy represents a society in which gender is not a potential career barrier in surgery. Focusing on an iconic scene of the series, this article brings media studies together with the history- and philosophy of surgery to provide a qualitative analysis of this portrayal on three levels: surgical procedure, protagonist, and place. Following previous studies on medical drama series, the theoretical framework of the article is cultivation theory. Some elements of the genre – like the realistic hospital setting and the authentic usage of medical jargon – might strengthen the likelihood of content cultivation. Finally, I discuss the potential positive and negative effects of the way how this popular series depict female surgical careers.

Un estudio de caso en el análisis de la espiritualidad en el trabajo

Oikos ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (39) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Zahira Moreno Freites ◽  
María García Jiménez ◽  
Judith Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
Theoretical Construct ◽  
Spiritual Beliefs ◽  
High Interest ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Estudio De Caso

RESUMENEsta investigación examina la espiritualidad y su consideración en el ambiente laboral, específicamente en los trabajadores de la Dirección de Educación Estadal del Municipio Palavecino, Estado Lara, Venezuela. El estudio de tipo descriptivo y cualitativo permitió analizar materiales teóricos relacionados con la espiritualidad en el trabajo, tomando el concepto de espiritualidad de Mitroff y Denton (1999) como marco teórico para esta investigación, además de los aportes de Pérez (2007) y Robles (2011) que exploran el tema y permitieron la elaboración de un constructo teórico para esta investigación. Los resultados evidencian que existe un alto interés por el tema de la espiritualidad tanto en la vida personal como en el trabajo y puede tratarse abiertamente en el ámbito laboral, a pesar de las limitaciones sobre el tema, su principal beneficio es que favorece el equilibrio en todos los aspectos de la vida.Palabras clave: espiritualidad, ambiente laboral, creencias y valores espirituales.An study of case on the analysis of spirituality at the workABSTRACT This research examines spirituality and its consideration in the workplace, specifically on workers of the Directorate of Education of the Municipality Palavecino State Authority, State Lara, Venezuela. The study of descriptive and qualitative analysis allowed theoretical materials related to spirituality at work, taking the concept of spirituality Mitroff and Denton (1999 ) as the theoretical framework for this research, along with the contributions of Perez (2007) and Robles ( 2011) that explore the issue and allowed the development of a theoretical construct for this research. Los results show that there is a high interest in the topic of spirituality both in personal life and at work and can openly addressed in the workplace, despite the limitations on the subject, its main benefit s that it favors the balance in all aspects of life .Keywords: spirituality, work environment, spiritual beliefs and values. Um estudo de caso na análise da espiritualidade no trabalho RESUMO Esta pesquisa analisa a espiritualidade e sua consideração no local de trabalho, especificamente nos trabalhadores do Departamento de Educação Estadual do Município Palavecino, Estado de Lara, Venezuela. O estudo de análise descritiva e qualitativa permitiu investigar materiais teóricos relacionados à espiritualidade no trabalho, tomando o conceito de espiritualidade de Mitroff e Denton (1999) como marco teórico para esta pesquisa, juntamente com as contribuições de Pérez (2007) e Robles ( 2011) que exploram o tema e permitiram o desenvolvimento de uma construção teórica para esta pesquisa. Os resultados mostram que existe um alto interesse pela temática da espiritualidade tanto na vida pessoal como no trabalho e pode-se tratar abertamente no espaço de trabalho, apesar das limitações sobre o assunto, seu principal benefício é que favorece o equilíbrio em todos os aspectos da vida.Palavras-chave: espiritualidade, ambiente de trabalho, crenças e valores espirituais.

scholarly journals Stigma mastery in people living with HIV: gender similarities and theory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Patrick Namisi ◽  
John C. Munene ◽  
Rhoda K. Wanyenze ◽  
Anne R. Katahoire ◽  
Rosalinda M. Parkes-Ratanshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Aims This study aimed to determine the prevalence of, factors associated with, and to build a theoretical framework for understanding Internalsed HIV-related Stigma Mastery (IHSM). Methods A cross-sectional study nested within a 2014 Stigma Reduction Cohort in Uganda was used. The PLHIV Stigma Index version 2008, was used to collect data from a random sample of 666 people living with HIV (PLHIV) stratified by gender and age. SPSS24 with Amos27 softwares were used to build a sequential-mediation model. Results The majority of participants were women (65%), aged ≥ 40 years (57%). Overall, IHSM was 45.5% among PLHIV, that increased with age. Specifically, higher IHSM correlated with men and older women “masculine identities” self-disclosure of HIV-diagnosis to family, sharing experiences with peers. However, lower IHSM correlated with feminine gender, the experience of social exclusion stress, fear of future rejection, and fear of social intimacy. Thus, IHSM social exclusion with its negative effects and age-related cognition are integrated into a multidimensional IHSM theoretical framework with a good model-to-data fit. Conclusion Internalised HIV-related Stigma Mastery is common among men and older women. Specificially, “masculine identities” self-disclose their own HIV-positive diagnosis to their family, share experiences with peers to create good relationships for actualising or empowerment in stigma mastery. However, social exclusion exacerbates series of negative effects that finally undermine stigma mastery by young feminine identities. Thus, stigma mastery is best explained by an integrated empowerment framework, that has implications for future practice, policy, and stigma-related research that we discuss.

Endoparasitism in colonial hosts: patterns and processes

Parasitology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 134 (6) ◽  
pp. 841-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. L. HILL ◽  
B. OKAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Temporal Sampling ◽  
Colony Fission ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Patterns And Processes ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

SUMMARYThis study begins to redress our lack of knowledge of the interactions between colonial hosts and their parasites by focusing on a novel host-parasite system. Investigations of freshwater bryozoan populations revealed that infection by myxozoan parasites is widespread. Covert infections were detected in all 5 populations studied and were often at high prevalence while overt infections were observed in only 1. Infections were persistent in populations subject to temporal sampling. Negative effects of infection were identified but virulence was low. Infection did not induce mortality in the environmental conditions studied. However, the production of statoblasts (dormant propagules) was greatly reduced in bryozoans with overt infections in comparison to uninfected bryozoans. Overtly-infected bryozoans also grew more slowly and had low fission rates relative to colonies lacking overt infection. Bryozoans with covert infections were smaller than uninfected bryozoans. High levels of vertical transmission were achieved through colony fission and the infection of statoblasts. Increased fission rates may be a strategy for hosts to escape from parasites but the parasite can also exploit the fragmentation of colonial hosts to gain vertical transmission and dispersal. Our study provides evidence that opportunities and constraints for host-parasite co-evolution can be highly dependent on organismal body plans and that low virulence may be associated with exploitation of colonial hosts by endoparasites.

Framework for determining the degree of centralization in global production networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-551
Author(s):  
Günther Schuh ◽  
Andreas Gützlaff ◽  
Julian Ays ◽  
Tino X. Schlosser
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Network Management ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Active Network ◽  
Production Network ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Global Production Networks

Over the last decades, global production networks have developed to high complex systems. To adapt quickly the dynamic environmental conditions, an active network management is required. The network management and the associated distribution of responsibilities in the production network is mostly grown historically. Further, the issue is only commonly considered in current approaches. Therefore, this paper presents a framework for determining the degree of centralization in global production networks under the aspect of increasing efficiency. Beyond the theoretical framework, a workshop procedure is presented in which the framework can be tested.

scholarly journals Formation and disruption of bonds between caregivers and institutionalized children

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 6) ◽  
pp. 2650-2658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Irmgard Bärtschi Gabatz ◽  
Eda Schwartz ◽  
Viviane Marten Milbrath ◽  
Hudson Cristiano Wander de Carvalho ◽  
Celmira Lange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Child Care ◽  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Active Listening ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Institutionalized Children ◽  
South Of Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the perspective of caregivers about the formation and disruption of bonds with institutionalized children. Method: a qualitative research that used as a theoretical framework the Attachment Theory and the Symbolic Interactionism, and the Grounded Theory as methodological framework. Participating in the study were 15 female caregivers of children aged zero to three years, from a child care institution in the south of Brazil, from April to July 2015. Results: three categories were elaborated: "Experiencing the formation of bond and attachment"; "Disrupting with the established bonds and detaching"; "Learning how to work with formation and disruption of bond". Final considerations: we need to think of ways to minimize the negative effects formation and disruption of bonds. In this sense, active listening and the offer of psychological support favor the sharing of experiences and the emotional strengthening of the female caregivers.

scholarly journals Social Vulnerability, Gender and Disasters. The Case of Haiti in 2010

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Llorente-Marrón ◽  
Montserrat Díaz-Fernández ◽  
Paz Méndez-Rodríguez ◽  
Rosario González Arias
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
International Development ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Research Work ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

The study of vulnerability constitutes a central axis in research work on sustainability. Social vulnerability (SV) analyzes differences in human capacity to prepare, respond and recover from the impact of a natural hazard. Although disasters threaten all the people who suffer from them, they do not affect all members of society in the same way. Social and economic inequalities make certain groups more vulnerable. Factors such as age, sex, social class and ethnic identity increase vulnerability to a natural disaster. Ten years after the earthquake in Haiti in 2010, this work deepens the relationship between natural disasters, SV and gender, exploring the unequal distribution of the SV in the face of a seismic risk. The source of statistical information has been obtained from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), developed by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Multicriteria decision techniques (TOPSIS) and the differences in differences (DID) technique are used to analyze variations in gender inequality in SV as a result of the catastrophic event. The results obtained reinforce the idea of the negative impact of the disaster on the SV. Additionally, an intensification of the negative effects is observed when the household is headed by a woman, increasing the gap in SV between households headed by women and the rest of the households. The conclusions obtained show additional evidence of the negative effects caused by natural disasters on women, and important implications for disaster risk management are derived that should not be ignored.

scholarly journals Age-dependent effects of moderate differences in environmental predictability forecasted by climate change, experimental evidence from a short-lived lizard (Zootoca vivipara)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Masó ◽  
J. Kaufmann ◽  
H. Clavero ◽  
P. S. Fitze
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Environmental Predictability ◽  
Common Lizard ◽  
Zootoca Vivipara ◽  
Age Dependent

Abstract Whether and how differences in environmental predictability affect life-history traits is controversial and may depend on mean environmental conditions. Solid evidence for effects of environmental predictability are lacking and thus, the consequences of the currently observed and forecasted climate-change induced reduction of precipitation predictability are largely unknown. Here we experimentally tested whether and how changes in the predictability of precipitation affect growth, reproduction, and survival of common lizard Zootoca vivipara. Precipitation predictability affected all three age classes. While adults were able to compensate the treatment effects, yearlings and juvenile females were not able to compensate negative effects of less predictable precipitation on growth and body condition, respectively. Differences among the age-classes’ response reflect differences (among age-classes) in the sensitivity to environmental predictability. Moreover, effects of environmental predictability depended on mean environmental conditions. This indicates that integrating differences in environmental sensitivity, and changes in averages and the predictability of climatic variables will be key to understand whether species are able to cope with the current climatic change.

scholarly journals Toward a typology of young produsers: Teenagers’ transmedia skills, media production, and narrative and aesthetic appreciation

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Guerrero-Pico ◽  
Maria-Jose Masanet ◽  
Carlos A Scolari
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Informal Learning ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Participatory Culture ◽  
Aesthetic Appreciation ◽  
Informal Learning Environments ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Aesthetic Values

Based on the qualitative analysis of data from workshops and interviews with teenagers from eight countries, this article aims to determine the degrees of productive, narrative, and aesthetic knowledge that teenagers put into practice when they create their media contents. From a theoretical framework that links teens, informal learning environments, and participatory cultures, the findings point toward three types of teenage produsers: casual, aspirational, and expert. Each type is representative of different aspects of production in terms of the types of media contents produced; the planning of the production process; the application of narrative and aesthetic values when creating; and the motivations behind the production. The study concludes with an invitation to rethink what participatory culture means in the light of teenagers’ production practices.

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