Genetic studies of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica: Current status in European, African American and Asian populations

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Isobe ◽  
Jorge R. Oksenberg
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
African American ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Asian Populations

scholarly journals Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders in Asian Populations of British Columbia

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Lee ◽  
Colleen Guimond ◽  
Irene M. Yee ◽  
Carles Vilariño-Güell ◽  
Zhi-Ying Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Ethnic Population ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Cohort Differences

AbstractBackground: Global variation in the incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) is generally ascribed to differences in genetic and environmental risk factors. Here we investigate temporal trends in the incidence of MS and related disorders in British Columbia, Canada, from 1986 to 2010, focusing particularly on the Asian ethnic subpopulation. Methods: A longitudinal database was screened to identify newly diagnosed cases of MS and related disorders, including neuromyelitis optica and clinically isolated syndromes. Age-standardized, sex-specific mean annual incidence was calculated for the Asian and non-Asian population of British Columbia for 5-year intervals from 1986 to 2010. Temporal changes and cohort differences in incidence rates and demographic characteristics were evaluated. Results: During this period, the incidence of MS and related disorders in the non-Asian population remained relatively unchanged, from 10.41 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.87-10.97) to 9.91 (95% CI: 9.46-10.39) per 100,000 (p=0.167). In contrast, incidence in the Asian population doubled during the same period. This increase was driven by a precipitous rise in the incidence of MS in females from 0.71 (95% CI: 0.01-1.50) to 2.08 (95% CI: 1.43-2.91) per 100,000 (p=0.004), including both Canadian-born and immigrant Asians. The incidence of neuromyelitis optica did not change significantly during this period. Conclusions: The incidence of MS may be increasing among females in the Asian ethnic population of British Columbia.

scholarly journals Elucidating distinct clinico-radiologic signatures in the borderland between neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Juryńczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Klimiec-Moskal ◽  
Yazhuo Kong ◽  
Samuel Hurley ◽  
Silvia Messina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Overlap Syndrome ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Background Separating antibody-negative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) from multiple sclerosis (MS) in borderline cases is extremely challenging due to lack of biomarkers. Elucidating different pathologies within the likely heterogenous antibody-negative NMOSD/MS overlap syndrome is, therefore, a major unmet need which would help avoid disability from inappropriate treatment. Objective In this study we aimed to identify distinct subgroups within the antibody-negative NMOSD/MS overlap syndrome. Methods Twenty-five relapsing antibody-negative patients with NMOSD features underwent a prospective brain and spinal cord MRI. Subgroups were identified by an unsupervised algorithm based on pre-selected NMOSD/MS discriminators. Results Four subgroups were identified. Patients from Group 1 termed “MS-like” (n = 6) often had central vein sign and cortical lesions (83% and 67%, respectively). All patients from Group 2 (“spinal MS-like”, 8) had short-segment myelitis and no MS-like brain lesions. Group 3 (“classic NMO-like”, 6) had high percentage of bilateral optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM, 80% and 60%, respectively) and normal brain appearance (100%). Group 4 (“NMO-like with brain involvement”, 5) typically had a history of NMOSD-like brain lesions and LETM. When compared with other groups, Group 4 had significantly decreased fractional anisotropy in non-lesioned tracts (0.46 vs. 0.49, p = 0.003) and decreased thalamus volume (0.84 vs. 0.98, p = 0.04). Conclusions NMOSD/MS cohort contains distinct subgroups likely corresponding to different pathologies and requiring tailored treatment. We propose that non-conventional MRI might help optimise diagnosis in these challenging patients.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 102886
Author(s):  
Ricardo Alonso ◽  
Berenice Silva ◽  
Orlando Garcea ◽  
Patricio E. Correa Diaz ◽  
Giordani Rodrigues dos Passos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
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