Athena: Speciality Certificate Examination case ‐ Formulation and Systemic Therapy

Author(s):  
W.Y. Wong ◽  
A.R. Shipman
2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 36-37
Author(s):  
NANCY WALSH
Keyword(s):  

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 330-333
Author(s):  
Dummer ◽  
Nestle ◽  
Hofbauer ◽  
Burg

Das metastasierende Melanom (MM) gehört zu den schwierig behandelbaren Malignomen, wobei Allgemeinzustand und Motivation des Patienten neben Zahl und Lokalisation der Metastasen das therapeutische Vorgehen bestimmen. Solitäre Metastasen in Lunge, ZNS, Weichteilen und Lymphknoten sollten primär chirurgisch entfernt werden. Multiple Metastasen, insbesondere abdominal, werden nur in Ausnahmefällen chirurgisch angegangen. Hier ist vielmehr ein systemische Chemoimmuntherapie angebracht. Aussichtsreiche Behandlungskonzepte beinhalten Interleukin-2, Interferon, und verschiedenen Zytostatika wie DTIC, Temozolamid, Vindesine oder Cisplatin. Bei ZNS- und Skelettfiliae ist die Radiotherapie einzusetzen. Durch diese Chemoimmuntherapien hat sich die Prognose des metastasierenden Melanoms bezüglich des Überlebens verbessert. Langfristig wird aber nur eine Kombination von zeitraubenden Multicenterstudien und experimentellen Ansätzen in der Lage sein, uns langsam an eine kurative Therapie heranzuführen.


2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen N. Haynes ◽  
Andrew E. Williams

Summary: We review the rationale for behavioral clinical case formulations and emphasize the role of the functional analysis in the design of individualized treatments. Standardized treatments may not be optimally effective for clients who have multiple behavior problems. These problems can affect each other in complex ways and each behavior problem can be influenced by multiple, interacting causal variables. The mechanisms of action of standardized treatments may not always address the most important causal variables for a client's behavior problems. The functional analysis integrates judgments about the client's behavior problems, important causal variables, and functional relations among variables. The functional analysis aids treatment decisions by helping the clinician estimate the relative magnitude of effect of each causal variable on the client's behavior problems, so that the most effective treatments can be selected. The parameters of, and issues associated with, a functional analysis and Functional Analytic Clinical Case Models (FACCM) are illustrated with a clinical case. The task of selecting the best treatment for a client is complicated because treatments differ in their level of specificity and have unequally weighted mechanisms of action. Further, a treatment's mechanism of action is often unknown.


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