scholarly journals Prevalence and early‐life risk factors for tree nut sensitization and allergy in young adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Bager ◽  
Sandra G Tedner ◽  
Niklas Andersson ◽  
Natalia Ballardini ◽  
Magnus P. Borres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Tree Nut

scholarly journals What do young Australian adults know about modifiable risk factors for dementia?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah A. D. Keage ◽  
Gabrielle Villani ◽  
Amanda D. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Abstract Background There are well established modifiable risk factors for late-life dementia. These risk factors account for over 30% of population attributable dementia risk and accrue over the lifespan. Young adults have the greatest potential to reduce their own risk for dementia. This study aimed to investigate what young Australian adults know about dementia and its risk factors, and further, how they estimated these risks. Methods An online survey promoted through various social media platforms was completed by 604 young Australian adults aged 18–44 years of age. Results Seventy percent of participants had a limited understanding of dementia (identifying cognitive or functional impairment), 25% had a good understanding, with 5% having no understanding. Twenty percent of respondents thought there were no modifiable risk factors for dementia. Less the half of participants agreed with two of the nine established dementia risk factors (hearing loss in midlife and education in early life), with over half of participants agreeing to the remaining seven risk factors. Females consistently judged the risks conferred by the nine established dementia risk factors to be higher than males. Those who were lonely judged the dementia risk conferred by loneliness to be higher than those who were not lonely; and smokers judged the dementia risk conferred by smoking to be less than non-smokers. Conclusion Young adults have the greatest potential to change their dementia risk, and these findings show that there are important gaps in knowledge of dementia and its risk factors in this group.

scholarly journals Assessment of chronic bronchitis and risk factors in young adults: Results from BAMSE

2020 ◽  
pp. 2002120
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Jenny Hallberg ◽  
Petra Um Bergström ◽  
Christer Janson ◽  
Göran Pershagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Mucus Production ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding

BackgroundChronic bronchitis is associated with substantial morbidity among elderly adults, but little is known about its prevalence and risk factors in young adults. Our aim was to assess the prevalence and early life risk factors for chronic bronchitis in young adults.MethodsQuestionnaire data and clinical measures from the 24-year follow-up of the Swedish BAMSE cohort were used. We assessed chronic bronchitis (CB) as the combination of cough and mucus production in the morning during winter. Environmental and clinical data from birth and onwards were used for analyses of risk factors.ResultsAt the 24-year follow-up, 75% (n=3064) participants completed the questionnaire and 2030 performed spirometry. The overall prevalence of CB was 5.5% (n=158) with similar estimates in males and females. Forty-nine percent of CB cases experienced more than 3 self-reported respiratory infections in the last year compared to 18% in non-CB subjects (p<0.001), and 37% of cases were current smokers (versus 19%). Statistically significant lower post-FEV1/FVC were observed in CB compared to non-CB subjects (mean z-score −0.06 versus 0.13, p=0.027). Daily smoking (adjusted Odds Ratio, aOR=3.85, p<0.001), air pollution exposure (black carbon during ages 1–4 years old, aOR=1.71 per 1 μg·m3 increase, p=0.009) and exclusive breast-feeding during four months or more (aOR=0.66, p=0.044) were associated with CB.ConclusionChronic bronchitis in young adults is associated with recurrent respiratory infections. Besides smoking, our results support role of early life exposures, such as air pollution and exclusive breast-feeding, for respiratory health later in life.

Early life risk factors for asthma outcomes in a cohort of young adults

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisha White ◽  
Nicholas DeKlerk ◽  
Elysia Hollams ◽  
Graham Hall
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Asthma Outcomes

scholarly journals Early-life risk factors for reversible and irreversible airflow limitation in young adults: findings from the BAMSE birth cohort

Thorax ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. thoraxjnl-2020-215884
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Inger Kull ◽  
Anna Bergström ◽  
Jenny Hallberg ◽  
Petra Um Bergström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
General Population ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Tract Infections

We aimed to determine prevalence and early-life risk factors for reversible and irreversible airflow limitation in young adults from the general population. Among young adults in their 20s, the prevalence was 5.3% for reversible airflow limitation and 2.0% for irreversible airflow limitation. While parental asthma was the only risk factor for development of reversible airflow limitation, the risk factors for development of irreversible airflow limitation were current asthma, childhood respiratory tract infections and asthma, and exposure to air pollution.

Rediscussing the Role of Traditional Risk Factors in Young Adults With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 6987-6995
Author(s):  
NORBERT NECKEL ◽  
MARCO MICHAEL ◽  
DANIEL TROELTZSCH ◽  
JONAS WÜSTER ◽  
STEFFEN KOERDT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors

scholarly journals Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression in Pediatric Palliative Care Patients with Severe Neurological Impairment—A Scoping Literature Review and Case Reports

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Maximilian David Mauritz ◽  
Carola Hasan ◽  
Larissa Alice Dreier ◽  
Pia Schmidt ◽  
Boris Zernikow
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Opioid Therapy ◽  
Pediatric Palliative Care ◽  
Severe Neurological Impairment

Pediatric Palliative Care (PPC) addresses children, adolescents, and young adults with a broad spectrum of underlying diseases. A substantial proportion of these patients have irreversible conditions accompanied by Severe Neurological Impairment (SNI). For the treatment of pain and dyspnea, strong opioids are widely used in PPC. Nonetheless, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the opioid-related side effects in pediatric patients with SNI, particularly concerning Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression (OIRD). Research on pain and OIRD in pediatric patients with SNI is limited. Using scoping review methodology, we performed a systematic literature search for OIRD in pediatric patients with SNI. Out of n = 521 identified articles, n = 6 studies were included in the review. Most studies examined the effects of short-term intravenous opioid therapy. The incidence of OIRD varied between 0.13% and 4.6%; besides SNI, comorbidities, and polypharmacy were the most relevant risk factors. Additionally, three clinical cases of OIRD in PPC patients receiving oral or transdermal opioids are presented and discussed. The case reports indicate that the risk factors identified in the scoping review also apply to adolescents and young adults with SNI receiving low-dose oral or transdermal opioid therapy. However, the risk of OIRD should never be a barrier to adequate symptom relief. We recommend careful consideration and systematic observation of opioid therapy in this population of patients.

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