scholarly journals Advances and weaknesses of the work process of the oral cancer care network in Brazil: A latent class transition analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca Thomaz ◽  
Elisa Miranda Costa ◽  
Rejane Christine de Sousa Queiroz ◽  
Danielle Tupinambá Emmi ◽  
Ana Graziela Araújo Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
Care Network

The Solution Strategy as an Indicator of the Developmental Stage of Preschool Children’s Mental-Rotation Ability

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Quaiser-Pohl ◽  
Anna M. Rohe ◽  
Tobias Amberger
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Solution Strategy ◽  
Thinking Aloud ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
Solution Strategies ◽  
Close Relationship

The solution strategies of preschool children solving mental-rotation tasks were analyzed in two studies. In the first study n = 111 preschool children had to demonstrate their solution strategy in the Picture Rotation Test (PRT) items by thinking aloud; seven different strategies were identified. In the second study these strategies were confirmed by latent class analysis (LCA) with the PRT data of n = 565 preschool children. In addition, a close relationship was found between the solution strategy and children’s age. Results point to a stage model for the development of mental-rotation ability as measured by the PRT, going from inappropriate strategies like guessing or comparing details, to semiappropriate approaches like choosing the stimulus with the smallest angle discrepancy, to a holistic or analytic strategy. A latent transition analysis (LTA) revealed that the ability to mentally rotate objects can be influenced by training in the preschool age.

Maltreatment Type Classifications and Transitions During Childhood for a California Birth Cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 107755952110067
Author(s):  
John Prindle ◽  
Regan Foust ◽  
Emily Putnam-Hornstein
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Child Protective Services ◽  
Latent Transition Analysis ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
Children In Foster Care ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Maltreatment Type

Childhood maltreatment involves dynamics between the type of maltreatment experienced and the context of maltreatment. Reports of alleged maltreatment to child protective services may overlap and shift over time, complicating understanding of their independent and interacting nature, including how child protection systems respond. Latent class analysis (LCA) and latent transition analysis (LTA) were used to construct data-based models of longitudinal dynamics of alleged maltreatment throughout childhood. We sought to identify patterns leading to system decisions to substantiate allegations of maltreatment and place children in foster care. Using linked birth and child protection records, we defined a cohort of children born in California in 1999, 29.4% of whom had at least one referral for alleged maltreatment before their 18th birthday. Maltreatment and perpetrator indicators were coded, and LCA identified five alleged maltreatment classes and one class of children without referrals. LTA determined consistency of classifications and estimated transitions between classes over age periods. Children with multitype maltreatment patterns or experiences of neglect were most likely to experience future maltreatment allegations. Estimated probabilities of placement indicated children with Multitype Maltreatment allegations were more likely to experience substantiated maltreatment allegations and out-of-home placements. Findings identify a repeatable method for better understanding complex systems.

scholarly journals Stability of ARDS subphenotypes over time in two randomised controlled trials

Thorax ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Delucchi ◽  
Katie R Famous ◽  
Lorraine B Ware ◽  
Polly E Parsons ◽  
B Taylor Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Lung Protective Ventilation ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Over Time

RationaleTwo distinct acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) subphenotypes have been identified using data obtained at time of enrolment in clinical trials; it remains unknown if these subphenotypes are durable over time.ObjectiveTo determine the stability of ARDS subphenotypes over time.MethodsSecondary analysis of data from two randomised controlled trials in ARDS, the ARMA trial of lung protective ventilation (n=473; patients randomised to low tidal volumes only) and the ALVEOLI trial of low versus high positive end-expiratory pressure (n=549). Latent class analysis (LCA) and latent transition analysis (LTA) were applied to data from day 0 and day 3, independent of clinical outcomes.Measurements and main resultsIn ALVEOLI, LCA indicated strong evidence of two ARDS latent classes at days 0 and 3; in ARMA, evidence of two classes was stronger at day 0 than at day 3. The clinical and biological features of these two classes were similar to those in our prior work and were largely stable over time, though class 2 demonstrated evidence of progressive organ failures by day 3, compared with class 1. In both LCA and LTA models, the majority of patients (>94%) stayed in the same class from day 0 to day 3. Clinical outcomes were statistically significantly worse in class 2 than class 1 and were more strongly associated with day 3 class assignment.ConclusionsARDS subphenotypes are largely stable over the first 3 days of enrolment in two ARDS Network trials, suggesting that subphenotype identification may be feasible in the context of clinical trials.

The Importance of Early Attitudes toward Mathematics and Science

2017 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Marsha Ing ◽  
Karen Nylund-Gibson
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Attitudes Toward Mathematics ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
Career Attainment ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Mathematics And Science

Background/Context Given the importance of increasing student participation in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM), there is a need to understand how factors such as student's attitudes toward math and science in middle and high school are linked to their later college and career choices. Purpose/Objective The purpose of this study is to describe heterogeneity in math and science attitudes and how these attitudes change through middle and high school. This study contributes to the literature by using measures from grade levels where student attitudes might be particularly vulnerable to shifting; examining the extent to which attitudes are persistent for particular groups of students; comparing the stability of attitudes across multiple domains (mathematics and science), which are intertwined in the pursuit of STEM careers; and relating attitudes to STEM career attainment, an outcome that occurred some 20 years later. Research Design We used the Longitudinal Study of American Youth (LSAY) to examine the development of student attitudes in middle and high school and the relationship of those patterns to academic achievement and career choices. We used latent class analysis and latent transition analysis to study change over time. Findings/Results Based on latent class analyses conducted for seventh, 10th, and 12th grade independently, four attitudinal profiles were identified at each grade level that varied in their affinity toward mathematics and science: very positive, qualified positive, neutral, less positive. The stability of these four attitudinal profiles at each grade level varied over time. Using latent transition analysis, approximately 40% of students in this study did not change their attitudes from seventh through 12th grade. Of those who changed their attitudes, change occurred prior to 10th grade and changed toward more negative attitudes. This pattern of change varied depending on ethnicity and gender. Conclusions/Recommendations Findings suggest that although a proportion of students have consistently positive or consistently negative attitudes toward mathematics and science, there is a larger group of students with malleable attitudes. These findings emphasize the importance of encouraging and supporting early positive attitudes toward mathematics and science, particularly for ethnically underrepresented females because of the impact on outcomes such as achievement and STEM career attainment.

Religious Transitions Among Baby Boomers From Young Adulthood to Later Life: Associations with Psychological Well-Being Over 45 Years

2021 ◽  
pp. 009141502110298
Author(s):  
Woosang Hwang ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Maria T. Brown ◽  
Sara A. Vasilenko ◽  
Merril Silverstein
Keyword(s):  
Baby Boomers ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Baby Boom ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Gender Interactions

We used classification analysis to examine change in religiosity among baby boomers from young adulthood to early old age and how religiosity transition patterns are associated with psychological well-being in later life. In addition, we tested the gender difference in the above association. We applied latent class and latent transition analysis to 392 baby boomers who participated in the Longitudinal Study of Generations in Wave-1 (1971) and Wave-9 (2016). We identified three classes describing religiosity at each wave (strongly religious, doctrinally religious, and weakly religious), and considered five types of change or stability in religious class membership from Wave-1 to Wave-9. Multiple regression with gender interactions revealed that men who stayed strongly religious over the period reported better psychological well-being compared to men who declined in their religiosity; no such pattern was found for women. Our findings suggest that maintaining strong religiosity over the life course was beneficial for baby boom men in later life.

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