Parent–child relationship quality and adolescent health: Testing the differential susceptibility and diathesis‐stress hypotheses in African American youths

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nila Shakiba ◽  
Mengyu (Miranda) Gao ◽  
Elisabeth Conradt ◽  
Sarah Terrell ◽  
Barry M. Lester
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Parent Child

Parenting Interacts With Plasticity Genes in Predicting Behavioral Outcomes in Preschoolers

2019 ◽  
pp. 084456211986361
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Letourneau ◽  
A. P. Jason de Koning ◽  
Bikram Sekhon ◽  
Henry N. Ntanda ◽  
Michael Kobor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Internalizing Behaviors ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Parent Child

Background Public health and pediatric nurses typically focus on supporting parenting to reduce the likelihood of children’s behavioral problems. Studies have identified interactions between early exposures to stress in caregiving and child genotype in predicting children’s behavioral problems, such that certain genotypes connote greater differential susceptibility or plasticity to environmental stressors. We sought to uncover the interaction between observational measures of parent–child relationship quality and genotype in predicting early-onset behavioral problems in 24-month-olds, using prospective methods. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected on a subsample of 176 women and their infants enrolled during pregnancy in the ongoing Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) cohort study. Inclusion criteria required mothers to be ≥18 years of age, English speaking and ≤22 weeks gestational age at enrollment. Genetic data were obtained from blood leukocytes and buccal epithelial cell samples, collected from infants at three months of age. For each child, the presence of plasticity alleles was determined for BDNF, CNR1, DRD2/ANKK1, DRD4, DAT1, 5 -HTTLPR, and MAOA and an overall index was calculated to summarize the number of plasticity alleles present. Observational assessments of parent–child relationship quality (sensitivity, controlling, and unresponsiveness) were conducted at six months of age. Children’s internalizing (e.g., emotionally reactive, anxious/depressed, somatic complaint, withdrawn) and externalizing (e.g., aggression, inattention) behaviors were assessed at 24 months of age. After extracting genetic data, a maximum likelihood method for regressions was employed with Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) for model selection. Results When parents were less responsive and children possessed more plasticity alleles, children were more likely to be emotionally reactive, anxious/depressed, report somatic complaints, and withdrawn, while when parents were less responsive and children possessed fewer plasticity alleles, children were less likely to display these internalizing behaviors, in a differentially susceptible manner. Furthermore, when parents were more responsive, and children possessed more plasticity alleles, children were less likely to display internalizing behaviors (P = 0.034). Similarly, children who possessed either the CNR1-A plasticity allele (P = 0.010) or DAT1 9-repeat plasticity allele (P = 0.036) and experienced more/less parental control displayed more/fewer externalizing problems, respectively, in a differentially susceptible manner. Conclusions The plasticity index score interacted with parental unresponsiveness in predicting anxiety and depressive behavioral problems in children, while individual genetic variants interacted with parental controlling behavior in predicting aggression and inattention in children, suggestive of differential susceptibility to caregiving. Especially in the context of nursing interventions designed to support childrearing and children’s development, nurses need to be aware of the interactions between child genotype and parenting in understanding how well interventions will work in promoting optimal child behavior.

scholarly journals Genetic differential susceptibility to the parent–child relationship quality and the life span development of compassion

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Dobewall ◽  
Liisa Keltikangas‐Järvinen ◽  
Aino Saarinen ◽  
Leo‐Pekka Lyytikäinen ◽  
Igor Zwir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Life Span Development ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Parent Child

Longitudinal Increases in Parent–Child Relationship Quality and Sensation Seeking Interact to Increase Risk-Taking During the College Transition

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
João F. Guassi Moreira ◽  
Eva H. Telzer
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
College Transition ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors ◽  
Parent Child

We tested two competing predictions of whether changes in parent–child relationship quality buffer or exacerbate the association between sensation-seeking and risk-taking behaviors as individuals gain more independence during the high school–college transition. In the current longitudinal study, 287 participants completed self-report measures of sensation seeking, risk-taking, and parent–child relationship quality with their parents prior to starting college and again during their first semester. Overall, students displayed increases in risky behaviors, which were predicted by sensation seeking. Changes in relationship quality moderated the association between sensation seeking and risk-taking, such that sensation seeking predicted higher risk-taking behaviors during the first semester of college, but only for those who reported increases in relationship quality across the college transition. These results suggest that increased relationship quality may have an inadvertent spillover effect by interacting with sensation seeking to increase risky behaviors.

scholarly journals Child and Parent Predictors of Perceptions of Parent—Child Relationship Quality

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyson C. Gerdes ◽  
Betsy Hoza ◽  
L. Eugene Arnold ◽  
Stephen P. Hinshaw ◽  
Karen C. Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Parent Child

scholarly journals Early childhood cortisol reactivity moderates the effects of parent-child relationship quality on the development of children's temperament in early childhood

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. e12378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Kopala-Sibley ◽  
Lea R. Dougherty ◽  
Margret W. Dyson ◽  
Rebecca S. Laptook ◽  
Thomas M. Olino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Cortisol Reactivity ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Parent Child

Relationships between Korean parents’ marital satisfaction, parental satisfaction, and parent–child relationship quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2270-2285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieun Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Parental Satisfaction ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Relational Quality ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Parent Child

Research about parental marital satisfaction and parent–child relationships is well established, but the effects of marital satisfaction on parental satisfaction require more explanation in a Korean sample. In total, 2,070 participants (51.0% mothers, 49.0% fathers) from a nationally representative sample of Korean people were selected from the 2015 Fact-Finding Survey in Families, and structural equation modeling was performed to examine the relationships between marital satisfaction, parent–child relational quality, and parental satisfaction. In support of the spillover hypothesis, marital satisfaction was significantly correlated with parental satisfaction and affected it directly and indirectly via positive and negative parent–child relationship quality. In addition, mediational pathways differed according to sex. The implications of the findings and directions for future research were discussed.

Kirogi Women’s Psychological Well-Being: The Relative Contributions of Marital Quality, Mother–Child Relationship Quality, and Youth’s Educational Adjustment

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther S. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Marital Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Transnational Family ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Mother Child Relationship ◽  
Parent Child

The current study is based on the responses of 153 married Korean mothers accompanying their youth in the United States or in New Zealand while their spouses remained in Korea. Kirogi means “wild geese” in Korean and has come to refer to split-family transnational living for the sake of children’s education. Spillover, or a positive correlation, between indicators assessing marital and parent–child relationship quality was tested within the transnational family context. It was also hypothesized that mother–child relationship quality and youth’s educational progress would be positively and uniquely predictive of indicators of maternal well-being when compared with marital quality due to education-focused Confucian values among Koreans. Results indicated positive correlations between indicators of marital and parent–child relationship quality; and only measures of marital quality had unique associations with maternal well-being.

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