scholarly journals Hostile Intent Attribution and Aggressive Behavior in Children Revisited: A Meta‐Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogier E.J. Verhoef ◽  
Sophie C. Alsem ◽  
Esmée E. Verhulp ◽  
Bram O. De Castro
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hostile Intent

scholarly journals Incidents of aggression in German psychiatric hospitals: Is there an increase?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245090
Author(s):  
Frank Eisele ◽  
Erich Flammer ◽  
Tilman Steinert
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Child And Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
Federal State ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Data Set

Introduction In a meta-analysis of international studies, 17% of admitted patients in psychiatric hospitals had exhibited violent behavior toward others. Reported data from studies in Germany were considerably lower until recent years. However, studies examining only single hospitals, as well as the quality of the data itself, have raised questions as to the validity of these findings. Indeed, a debate currently exists as to whether there has, in fact, been an increase of violent incidents in German mental institutions. Methods In a group of 10 hospitals serving about half the population of the Federal State of Baden-Wuerttemberg with 11 million inhabitants, the Staff Observation Aggression Scale–Revised (SOAS-R) was introduced into patients’ electronic charts as part of routine documentation. Data recording was strongly supported by staff councils and unions. A completed data set is now available for the year 2019. For one hospital, data are available since 2006. Due to some doubts with respect to fully covering self-directed aggression, we restricted the analysis to aggression toward others and toward objects. Results In 2019, 17,599 aggressive incidents were recorded in 64,367 admissions (1,660 staying forensic psychiatric inpatients included). 5,084 (7.90%) of the admitted cases showed aggressive behavior toward others. Variation between hospitals was low to modest (SD = 1.50). The mean SOAS-R score was 11.8 (SD between hospitals 1.20%). 23% of the incidents resulted in bodily harm. The percentage of patients showing violent behavior was highest among patients with organic disorders (ICD-10 F0) and lowest among patients with addictive or affective disorders (F1, F3, F4). Forensic psychiatry had the highest proportion of cases with aggressive behavior (20.54%), but the number of incidents per bed was lower than in general adult psychiatry and child and adolescent psychiatry (indicating a lower risk for staff). In the hospital with longer-term recordings available, an increase could be observed since 2010, with considerable variation between years. Conclusions This is the most robust estimate of the frequency of violent incidents in German psychiatric hospitals thus far. The incidence is about half of what has been reported internationally, probably due to sample selection bias in previous studies and a relatively high number of hospital beds in Germany. Available data suggest an increase of violent incidents over the last ten years; however, it is unclear to which extent this is due to increased reporting.

scholarly journals Hostile attributional bias and aggressive behavior in global context

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (30) ◽  
pp. 9310-9315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Dodge ◽  
Patrick S. Malone ◽  
Jennifer E. Lansford ◽  
Emma Sorbring ◽  
Ann T. Skinner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Reactive Aggression ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Ecological Group ◽  
Attributional Bias ◽  
Hostile Attributional Bias ◽  
Hostile Intent ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Psychological Mechanism

We tested a model that children’s tendency to attribute hostile intent to others in response to provocation is a key psychological process that statistically accounts for individual differences in reactive aggressive behavior and that this mechanism contributes to global group differences in children’s chronic aggressive behavior problems. Participants were 1,299 children (mean age at year 1 = 8.3 y; 51% girls) from 12 diverse ecological-context groups in nine countries worldwide, followed across 4 y. In year 3, each child was presented with each of 10 hypothetical vignettes depicting an ambiguous provocation toward the child and was asked to attribute the likely intent of the provocateur (coded as benign or hostile) and to predict his or her own behavioral response (coded as nonaggression or reactive aggression). Mothers and children independently rated the child’s chronic aggressive behavior problems in years 2, 3, and 4. In every ecological group, in those situations in which a child attributed hostile intent to a peer, that child was more likely to report that he or she would respond with reactive aggression than in situations when that same child attributed benign intent. Across children, hostile attributional bias scores predicted higher mother- and child-rated chronic aggressive behavior problems, even controlling for prior aggression. Ecological group differences in the tendency for children to attribute hostile intent statistically accounted for a significant portion of group differences in chronic aggressive behavior problems. The findings suggest a psychological mechanism for group differences in aggressive behavior and point to potential interventions to reduce aggressive behavior.

Emotional Intelligence and Aggressive Behaviors in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802199129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Vega ◽  
Rosario Cabello ◽  
Alberto Megías-Robles ◽  
Raquel Gómez-Leal ◽  
Pablo Fernández-Berrocal
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
The Relationship

Adolescent aggression is a global public health with long-lasting and costly emotional, social, and economic consequences, and it is of vital importance to identify those variables that can reduce these behaviors in this population. Therefore, there is a need to establish the protective factors of aggressive behavior in adolescence. While some research has demonstrated the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and various aggressive responses in adolescence, indicating that EI—or the ability to perceive, use, understand, and regulate emotions—could be considered a protective factor for the development of aggressive behavior in adolescence, the strength of this effect is not clear. The aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature concerning the relationship between aggressive behavior and EI in adolescents and provide a reliable estimate of the relationship between both constructs through a meta-analysis. For this purpose, we searched for relevant articles in English and Spanish in Medline, PsycINFO, and Scopus, obtaining 17 selectable articles based on the search terms used in research in the adolescent population. These studies provide scientific evidence of the relationship between the level of EI assessed from the three theoretical models of EI (performance-based ability model, self-report ability model, and self-report mixed model) and various aggressive responses, showing that adolescents with higher levels of EI show less aggressive behavior. Implications for interventions and guidelines for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals DNA methylation signatures of aggression and closely related constructs: A meta-analysis of epigenome-wide studies across the lifespan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny van Dongen ◽  
Fiona A. Hagenbeek ◽  
Matthew Suderman ◽  
Peter Roetman ◽  
Karen Sugden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Chemical Exposures ◽  
Starting Point

AbstractDNA methylation profiles of aggressive behavior may capture lifetime cumulative effects of genetic, stochastic, and environmental influences associated with aggression. Here, we report the first large meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of aggressive behavior (N=15,324 participants). In peripheral blood samples of 14,434 participants from 18 cohorts with mean ages ranging from 7 to 68 years, 13 methylation sites were significantly associated with aggression (alpha=1.2×10−7; Bonferroni correction). In cord blood samples of 2,425 children from five cohorts with aggression assessed at mean ages ranging from 4 to 7 years, 83% of these sites showed the same direction of association with childhood aggression (r=0.74, p=0.006) but no epigenome-wide significant sites were found. Top-sites (48 at a false discovery rate of 5% in the peripherl blood meta-analysis or in a combined meta-analysis of peripheral blood and cord blood) have been associated with chemical exposures, smoking, cognition, metabolic traits, and genetic variation (mQTLs). Three genes whose expression levels were associated with top-sites were previously linked to schizophrenia and general risk tolerance. At six CpGs, DNA methylation variation in blood mirrors variation in the brain. On average 44% (range=3-82%) of the aggression–methylation association was explained by current and former smoking and BMI. These findings point at loci that are sensitive to chemical exposures with potential implications for neuronal functions. We hope these results to be a starting point for studies leading to applications as peripheral biomarkers and to reveal causal relationships with aggression and related traits.

scholarly journals Paranoid thinking, suspicion, and risk for aggression: A neurodevelopmental perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 1031-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin B. Tone ◽  
Jennifer S. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Interpersonal Perception ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Hostile Intent ◽  
Attribution Biases ◽  
Developmental Contexts ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractThis article represents an effort to extend our understanding of paranoia or suspicion and its development by integrating findings across clinical, developmental, and neuroscience literatures. We first define “paranoia” or paranoid thought and examine its prevalence across typically and atypically developing individuals and theoretical perspectives regarding its development and maintenance. We then briefly summarize current ideas regarding the neural correlates of adaptive, appropriately trusting interpersonal perception, social cognition, and behavior across development. Our focus shifts subsequently to examining in normative and atypical developmental contexts the neural correlates of several component cognitive processes thought to contribute to paranoid thinking: (a) attention bias for threat, (b) jumping to conclusions biases, and (c) hostile intent attribution biases. Where possible, we also present data regarding independent links between these cognitive processes and aggressive behavior. By examining data regarding the behavioral and neural correlates of varied cognitive processes that are likely components of a paranoid thinking style, we hope to advance both theoretical and empirical research in this domain.

Effects of Weapons on Aggressive Thoughts, Angry Feelings, Hostile Appraisals, and Aggressive Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Weapons Effect Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlin J. Benjamin ◽  
Sven Kepes ◽  
Brad J. Bushman
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
General Aggression Model ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Mere Presence ◽  
Size Estimates ◽  
Effect Literature

A landmark 1967 study showed that simply seeing a gun can increase aggression—called the “weapons effect.” Since 1967, many other studies have attempted to replicate and explain the weapons effect. This meta-analysis integrates the findings of weapons effect studies conducted from 1967 to 2017 and uses the General Aggression Model (GAM) to explain the weapons effect. It includes 151 effect-size estimates from 78 independent studies involving 7,668 participants. As predicted by the GAM, our naïve meta-analytic results indicate that the mere presence of weapons increased aggressive thoughts, hostile appraisals, and aggression, suggesting a cognitive route from weapons to aggression. Weapons did not significantly increase angry feelings. Yet, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis indicated that not all naïve mean estimates were robust to the presence of publication bias. In general, these results suggest that the published literature tends to overestimate the weapons effect for some outcomes and moderators.

scholarly journals Treatment moderators of cognitive behavior therapy to reduce aggressive behavior: a meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten C. Smeets ◽  
Anouk A. M. Leeijen ◽  
Mariët J. van der Molen ◽  
Floor E. Scheepers ◽  
Jan K. Buitelaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Behavior ◽  
Treatment Moderators
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