scholarly journals The Spatial Distribution of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng‐Cheng Wang ◽  
Zhi‐Qiang Hu ◽  
Shao‐Lai Zhou ◽  
Song‐Yang Yu ◽  
Li Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations

scholarly journals Allergic diseases influence symptom severity and T lymphocyte subgroups of children with tic disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. jim-2021-001788
Author(s):  
Xiumei Liu ◽  
Xueming Wang ◽  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Ai hua Cao
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Tic Severity ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations

Tic disorders (TD) are childhood-onset neurological disorders. Immune system dysregulation has been postulated to play a role in TD, and its mechanisms likely involve dysfunctional neural-immune cross-talk, which ultimately leads to altered maturation of the brain pathways that control different TD clinical manifestations and behavioral and emotional damages. Clinical studies have demonstrated an association between TD and allergies and overactive immune responses at a systemic level. In this study, the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale was taken as a global measure of tic severity. Compared with the control group, the group of children with TD plus allergic diseases displayed significantly increased Yale total scores (p<0.05), which suggests that children with TD plus allergic diseases have heavier tic symptoms. Both motor and vocal tic scores are higher in the group of children with TD plus allergy compared with the control group. We counted immune cell subpopulations using FACS. T lymphocyte subset comparison of CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD4:CD8 expression ratios revealed that the level of CD3, CD4, and CD4:CD8 in children with TD plus allergic diseases was significantly lower than those of children with TD without allergic diseases. These differences were statistically significant (p<0.05) and suggest that children with TD plus allergic diseases have imbalanced T lymphocyte subsets. We concluded that allergy increased the severity of TD through an imbalance in cellular immunity. Studies need to be done to show whether treatment of allergic symptoms leads to a decrease in TD manifestations.

scholarly journals Electronic Sorting of Immune Cell Subpopulations Based on Highly Plastic Genes

2016 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 665-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingzhang Wang ◽  
Wenling Han ◽  
Dalong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations

scholarly journals Single‐Cell Immune Profiling in Coronary Artery Disease: The Role of State‐of‐the‐Art Immunophenotyping With Mass Cytometry in the Diagnosis of Atherosclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine A. Kott ◽  
Stephen T. Vernon ◽  
Thomas Hansen ◽  
Macha de Dreu ◽  
Souvik K. Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Mass Cytometry ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Serological Biomarkers

Abstract Coronary artery disease remains the leading cause of death globally and is a major burden to every health system in the world. There have been significant improvements in risk modification, treatments, and mortality; however, our ability to detect asymptomatic disease for early intervention remains limited. Recent discoveries regarding the inflammatory nature of atherosclerosis have prompted investigation into new methods of diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease. This article reviews some of the highlights of the important developments in cardioimmunology and summarizes the clinical evidence linking the immune system and atherosclerosis. It provides an overview of the major serological biomarkers that have been associated with atherosclerosis, noting the limitations of these markers attributable to low specificity, and then contrasts these serological markers with the circulating immune cell subtypes that have been found to be altered in coronary artery disease. This review then outlines the technique of mass cytometry and its ability to provide high‐dimensional single‐cell data and explores how this high‐resolution quantification of specific immune cell subpopulations may assist in the diagnosis of early atherosclerosis in combination with other complimentary techniques such as single‐cell RNA sequencing. We propose that this improved specificity has the potential to transform the detection of coronary artery disease in its early phases, facilitating targeted preventative approaches in the precision medicine era.

scholarly journals Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease: Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Human Gut Mucosa before and after Rifaximin

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Cianci ◽  
Simona Frosali ◽  
Danilo Pagliari ◽  
Paola Cesaro ◽  
Lucio Petruzziello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diverticular Disease ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gut Mucosa ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects

Background/Aim. Uncomplicated diverticular disease (UDD) is a frequent condition in adults. The pathogenesis of symptoms remains unknown. Bacteria are able to interact with Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and to induce inflammation through both innate immunity and T-cell recruitment. We investigated the pattern of TLRs 2 and 4 and the intestinal homing in patients with UDD before and after a course of Rifaximin.Methods. Forty consecutive patients with UDD and 20 healthy asymptomatic subjects were enrolled. Among UDD patients, 20 were assigned to a 2-month course of treatment with Rifaximin 1.2 g/day for 15 days/month and 20 received placebo. Blood sample and colonic biopsies were obtained from patients and controls. The samples were collected and analyzed at baseline and at the end of treatment. Flow cytometry was performed using monoclonal antibodies (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD103, TCR-gamma/delta, CD14, TLR2, and TLR4).Results. In UDD, TLR2 and TLR4 expression on immune cell subpopulations from blood and mucosa of the affected colon are altered as compared with controls. Rifaximin treatment induced significant modifications of altered conditions.Conclusions. Our data show the role of TLRs in the development of inflammation in UDD. TLRs distribution is altered in UDD and these alterations are reversed after antibiotic treatment. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT02068482.

scholarly journals DEspRhigh neutrophils are associated with critical illness in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne T. deKay ◽  
Ivette F. Emery ◽  
Jonathan Rud ◽  
Ashley Eldridge ◽  
Christine Lord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps ◽  
Extracellular Traps ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Secondary Tissue ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
High Level ◽  
Negative Controls

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 infection results in a spectrum of outcomes from no symptoms to widely varying degrees of illness to death. A better understanding of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent, often excessive, inflammation may inform treatment decisions and reveal opportunities for therapy. We studied immune cell subpopulations and their associations with clinical parameters in a cohort of 26 patients with COVID-19. Following informed consent, we collected blood samples from hospitalized patients with COVID-19 within 72 h of admission. Flow cytometry was used to analyze white blood cell subpopulations. Plasma levels of cytokines and chemokines were measured using ELISA. Neutrophils undergoing neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) formation were evaluated in blood smears. We examined the immunophenotype of patients with COVID-19 in comparison to that of SARS-CoV-2 negative controls. A novel subset of pro-inflammatory neutrophils expressing a high level of dual endothelin-1 and VEGF signal peptide-activated receptor (DEspR) at the cell surface was found to be associated with elevated circulating CCL23, increased NETosis, and critical-severity COVID-19 illness. The potential to target this subpopulation of neutrophils to reduce secondary tissue damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection warrants further investigation.

scholarly journals High resolution profile of body wide pathological changes induced by abnormal elastin metabolism in Loxl1 knockout mice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingbing Wu ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Chengrui An ◽  
Deming Jiang ◽  
Lin Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Mass Cytometry ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Cancer Pathology ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Immune Changes

AbstractAbnormal ECM caused serious body wide diseases and elastin is one of the important ECM components. But its systemic function still has not yet been thoroughly illustrated due to limitations related to novel research technologies. To uncover the functions of elastin, a new method for body-wide organ transcriptome profiling, combined with single-cell mass cytometry of the blood, was developed. A body-wide organ transcriptomic (BOT) map was created by performing RNA-seq of 17 organs from both Loxl1 knockout (KO) and wide type (WT) mice. The BOT results showed a systematic up-regulation of genes related to immune response and proliferation process in multiple tissues of the KO mice; histological and immune staining also confirmed the hyperplasia and infiltration of local immune cells in the vagina, small intestine, and liver tissues of KO mice. Furthermore, using 32 markers, CYTOF mass cytometry analysis of the immune cell subpopulations from the peripheral blood revealed apparent systemic immune changes in the KO mice; data showed an activated NK cells and T cells with a higher expression of CD44 and CD38, and a suppressed B cells, macrophages and neutrophils with lower expressions of CD62L, CD44 and IL6. More interestingly, these findings also correlated well with the data obtained from cancer patient databases; tumor patients had higher mutation frequency of Loxl1, and the Loxl1-mutant tumor patients had up-regulated immune process, cell proliferation and decreased survival rate. Thus, this research provided a powerful strategy to screen body-wide organ functions of a particular gene; the findings also illustrated the important biological roles of elastin on multiple organ cells and systemic immunity. These strategy and discoveries are both of important value for the understanding of ECM biology and multi-organ cancer pathology.

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