scholarly journals Discoidin domain receptors orchestrate cancer progression: A focus on cancer therapies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Jiuli Zhou ◽  
Jin Li
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Discoidin Domain Receptors

Discoidin Domain Receptors in Normal Mammary Development and Breast Cancer Progression

2016 ◽  
pp. 119-144
Author(s):  
Sandamali A. Ekanayaka ◽  
Celina G. Kleer ◽  
Aliccia Bollig-Fischer ◽  
Rodrigo Fernandez-Valdivia ◽  
Rafael Fridman
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Mammary Development ◽  
Breast Cancer Progression ◽  
Discoidin Domain Receptors

scholarly journals Bidirectional Interaction Between Cancer Cells and Platelets Provides Potential Strategies for Cancer Therapies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liuting Yu ◽  
Yao Guo ◽  
Zhiguang Chang ◽  
Dengyang Zhang ◽  
Shiqiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Tumor Cell Adhesion ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Tumor Growth And Metastasis ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Adhesion And Invasion

Platelets are essential components in the tumor microenvironment. For decades, clinical data have demonstrated that cancer patients have a high risk of thrombosis that is associated with adverse prognosis and decreased survival, indicating the involvement of platelets in cancer progression. Increasing evidence confirms that cancer cells are able to induce production and activation of platelets. Once activated, platelets serve as allies of cancer cells in tumor growth and metastasis. They can protect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) against the immune system and detachment-induced apoptosis while facilitating angiogenesis and tumor cell adhesion and invasion. Therefore, antiplatelet agents and platelet-based therapies should be developed for cancer treatment. Here, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the bidirectional cancer-platelet crosstalk and platelet-based therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals Breast Cancer Cells in Microgravity: New Aspects for Cancer Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 7345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Zakaria Nassef ◽  
Daniela Melnik ◽  
Sascha Kopp ◽  
Jayashree Sahana ◽  
Manfred Infanger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Cancer Therapies

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in females. The incidence has risen dramatically during recent decades. Dismissed as an “unsolved problem of the last century”, breast cancer still represents a health burden with no effective solution identified so far. Microgravity (µg) research might be an unusual method to combat the disease, but cancer biologists decided to harness the power of µg as an exceptional method to increase efficacy and precision of future breast cancer therapies. Numerous studies have indicated that µg has a great impact on cancer cells; by influencing proliferation, survival, and migration, it shifts breast cancer cells toward a less aggressive phenotype. In addition, through the de novo generation of tumor spheroids, µg research provides a reliable in vitro 3D tumor model for preclinical cancer drug development and to study various processes of cancer progression. In summary, µg has become an important tool in understanding and influencing breast cancer biology.

scholarly journals Acquired Resistance to Clinical Cancer Therapy: A Twist in Physiological Signaling

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 805-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Wicki ◽  
Mario Mandalà ◽  
Daniela Massi ◽  
Daniela Taverna ◽  
Huifang Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Acquired Drug Resistance ◽  
Physiological Signal

Although modern therapeutic strategies have brought significant progress to cancer care in the last 30 years, drug resistance to targeted monotherapies has emerged as a major challenge. Aberrant regulation of multiple physiological signaling pathways indispensable for developmental and metabolic homeostasis, such as hyperactivation of pro-survival signaling axes, loss of suppressive regulations, and impaired functionalities of the immune system, have been extensively investigated aiming to understand the diversity of molecular mechanisms that underlie cancer development and progression. In this review, we intend to discuss the molecular mechanisms of how conventional physiological signal transduction confers to acquired drug resistance in cancer patients. We will particularly focus on protooncogenic receptor kinase inhibition-elicited tumor cell adaptation through two major core downstream signaling cascades, the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways. These pathways are crucial for cell growth and differentiation and are frequently hyperactivated during tumorigenesis. In addition, we also emphasize the emerging roles of the deregulated host immune system that may actively promote cancer progression and attenuate immunosurveillance in cancer therapies. Understanding these mechanisms may help to develop more effective therapeutic strategies that are able to keep the tumor in check and even possibly turn cancer into a chronic disease.

scholarly journals N-cadherin antagonists as oncology therapeutics

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1661) ◽  
pp. 20140039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orest W. Blaschuk
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Transmembrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Novel Strategy

The cell adhesion molecule (CAM), N-cadherin, has emerged as an important oncology therapeutic target. N-cadherin is a transmembrane glycoprotein mediating the formation and structural integrity of blood vessels. Its expression has also been documented in numerous types of poorly differentiated tumours. This CAM is involved in regulating the proliferation, survival, invasiveness and metastasis of cancer cells. Disruption of N-cadherin homophilic intercellular interactions using peptide or small molecule antagonists is a promising novel strategy for anti-cancer therapies. This review discusses: the discovery of N-cadherin, the mechanism by which N-cadherin promotes cell adhesion, the role of N-cadherin in blood vessel formation and maintenance, participation of N-cadherin in cancer progression, the different types of N-cadherin antagonists and the use of N-cadherin antagonists as anti-cancer drugs.

scholarly journals Cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Li ◽  
Adilson Fonseca Teixeira ◽  
Hong-Jian Zhu ◽  
Peter ten Dijke
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Chemotherapy Resistance ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Cancer Associated Fibroblast

AbstractTo identify novel cancer therapies, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has received a lot of attention in recent years in particular with the advent of clinical successes achieved by targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The TME consists of multiple cell types that are embedded in the extracellular matrix (ECM), including immune cells, endothelial cells and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which communicate with cancer cells and each other during tumor progression. CAFs are a dominant and heterogeneous cell type within the TME with a pivotal role in controlling cancer cell invasion and metastasis, immune evasion, angiogenesis and chemotherapy resistance. CAFs mediate their effects in part by remodeling the ECM and by secreting soluble factors and extracellular vesicles. Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain various biomolecules such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins. The biomolecules in exosomes can be transmitted from one to another cell, and thereby affect the behavior of the receiving cell. As exosomes are also present in circulation, their contents can also be explored as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer patients. In this review, we concentrate on the role of CAFs-derived exosomes in the communication between CAFs and cancer cells and other cells of the TME. First, we introduce the multiple roles of CAFs in tumorigenesis. Thereafter, we discuss the ways CAFs communicate with cancer cells and interplay with other cells of the TME, and focus in particular on the role of exosomes. Then, we elaborate on the mechanisms by which CAFs-derived exosomes contribute to cancer progression, as well as and the clinical impact of exosomes. We conclude by discussing aspects of exosomes that deserve further investigation, including emerging insights into making treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor blockade more efficient.

scholarly journals Impact of the microbiome on cancer progression and response to anti-cancer therapies

2019 ◽  
pp. 255-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Buchta Rosean ◽  
Tzu-Yu Feng ◽  
Francesca N. Azar ◽  
Melanie R. Rutkowski
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Anti Cancer

scholarly journals Cancer Stem Cells and Targeting Strategies

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Barbato ◽  
Marco Bocchetti ◽  
Anna Di Biase ◽  
Tarik Regad
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Cancer Initiation ◽  
Enzymatic Inactivation ◽  
Resistance To Chemotherapy ◽  
Made In

Chemoresistance is a major problem in cancer therapy as cancer cells develop mechanisms that counteract the effect of chemotherapeutic compounds, leading to relapse and the development of more aggressive cancers that contribute to poor prognosis and survival rates of treated patients. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a key role in this event. Apart from their slow proliferative property, CSCs have developed a range of cellular processes that involve drug efflux, drug enzymatic inactivation and other mechanisms. In addition, the microenvironment where CSCs evolve (CSC niche), effectively contributes to their role in cancer initiation, progression and chemoresistance. In the CSC niche, immune cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), endothelial cells and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) contribute to the maintenance of CSC malignancy via the secretion of factors that promote cancer progression and resistance to chemotherapy. Due to these factors that hinder successful cancer therapies, CSCs are a subject of intense research that aims at better understanding of CSC behaviour and at developing efficient targeting therapies. In this review, we provide an overview of cancer stem cells, their role in cancer initiation, progression and chemoresistance, and discuss the progress that has been made in the development of CSC targeted therapies.

scholarly journals Biomarkers in Bladder Cancer: Present Status and Perspectives

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 117727190700200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wun-Jae Kim ◽  
Soongang Park ◽  
Yong-June Kim
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity

Bladder cancers are a mixture of heterogeneous cell populations, and numerous factors are likely to be involved in dictating their recurrence, progression and the patient's survival. For any candidate prognostic marker to have considerable clinical relevance, it must add some predictive capacity beyond that offered by conventional clinical and pathologic parameters. Here, the current situation in bladder cancer research with respect to identification of suitable prognostic markers is reviewed. A number of individual molecular markers that might predict bladder cancer recurrence and progression have been identified but many are not sufficiently sensitive or specific for the whole spectrum of bladder cancer diseases seen in routine clinical practice. These limitations have led to interest in other molecular parameters that could enable more accurate prognosis for bladder cancer patients. Of particular interest is the epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes. Since the methylation of these genes can correlate with a poor prognosis, the methylation profile may represent a new biomarker that indicates the risk of transitional cell carcinoma development. In addition, bladder cancer research is likely to be revolutionized by high-throughput molecular technologies, which allow rapid and global gene expression analysis of thousands of tumor samples. Initial studies employing these technologies have considerably expanded our ability to classify bladder cancers with respect to their survivability. Future microarray analyses are likely to reveal particular gene expression signatures that predict the likelihood of bladder cancer progression and recurrence, as well as patient's survival and responsiveness to different anti-cancer therapies, with great specificity and sensitivity.

scholarly journals Cancer Chemoprevention: Current State of the Art

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. CGM.S11288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin R. Landis-Piwowar ◽  
Neena R. Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Cancer Chemoprevention ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Metastatic Progression ◽  
Chemopreventive Agents ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Initiation Phase ◽  
Current State

The aim of cancer chemoprevention is disruption or delay of the molecular pathways that lead to carcinogenesis. Chemopreventive blocking and/or suppressing agents disrupt the molecular mechanisms that drive carcinogenesis such as DNA damage by reactive oxygen species, increased signal transduction to NF-κB, epigenomic deregulation, and the epithelial mesenchymal transition that leads to metastatic progression. Numerous dietary phytochemicals have been observed to inhibit the initiation phase of carcinogenesis, and therefore are useful in primary chemoprevention. Moreover, phytochemicals are capable of interfering with the molecular mechanisms of metastasis. Likewise, numerous synthetic compounds are relevant and clinically viable as chemopreventive agents during the fundamental stages of carcinogenesis. While molecularly targeted anti-cancer therapies are in constant stages of development, superior patient outcomes are observed if carcinogenic processes are prevented altogether. This article reviews the role of chemopreventive compounds in inhibition of cancer initiation and their ability to reduce cancer progression.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document