Behavioral and Social Structure Effects on Seed Dispersal Curves of a Forest-Interior Bulbul (Pycnonotidae) in a Tropical Evergreen Forest

Biotropica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphawan Khamcha ◽  
Tommaso Savini ◽  
David A. Westcott ◽  
Adam McKeown ◽  
Warren Y. Brockelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Forest Interior ◽  
Tropical Evergreen Forest ◽  
Dispersal Curves

Frugivory and seed dispersal of woody species by the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) in a mid-elevation tropical evergreen forest in India

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Jothish
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Tropical Evergreen Forest ◽  
Germination Experiments ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dung Analysis

Abstract:Frugivory and seed dispersal by the Asian elephant, Elephas maximus, in a mid-elevation tropical evergreen forest in India was studied by dung analysis and conducting seed germination trials on ingested and control seeds. A total of 384 dung piles were observed during the period February 2007 to December 2008. Fruits/seeds and seedlings of 27 woody species were observed from the dung piles. Seed germination experiments showed that seeds from dung were viable and germination time of ingested seeds was significantly lower than that of control seeds. It was observed that 43.6% of the seedlings in the dung piles established as saplings. The study suggests that the Asian elephant is a legitimate seed disperser in tropical forests in its range.

Ischaemum mistryi (Poaceae: Andropogoneae): A new remarkable species from Sub-Tropical Evergreen Forest, India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 509 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAHID NAWAZ LANDGE ◽  
RAJENDRA D. SHINDE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Short Discussion ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Tropical Evergreen Forest ◽  
Sessile Spikelet ◽  
A New Species

Ischaemum mistryi, a new species from the Sub-Tropical evergreen forest of Tilari Ghat, Maharashtra, India, is described and illustrated. This grass is unique with its leaves drooping, mostly congregated near the base, basal sheath villous, culms compressed at the base, lower glume of the sessile spikelet linear-lanceolate to oblongish tapering and slightly curled upwards, without a sub-apical ridge, nodules absent (if present 2–4 obscure) on its keels, and upper lemma of sessile spikelet bi-partite. Morphologically it is somewhat similar to I. mangaluricum, I. travancorense and I. barbatum. We provided a table of its detailed comparison with close species as mentioned above. According to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, we have assessed this new species as Critically Endangered (CR). The photo plates and illustration of the grass are given to facilitate its proper identification. A short discussion is also provided at the end.

scholarly journals Effect of Disturbance Regimes on Spatial Patterns of Tree Species in Three Sites in a Tropical Evergreen Forest in Vietnam

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Thi Ngoc Le ◽  
Nguyen Van Thinh ◽  
Nguyen The Dung ◽  
Ralph Mitlöhner
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Disturbance Regimes ◽  
Tropical Evergreen Forest ◽  
Disturbed Forest

The effects of disturbance regimes on the spatial patterns of the five most abundant species were investigated in three sites in a tropical forest at Xuan Nha Nature Reserve, Vietnam. Three permanent one-ha plots were established in undisturbed forest (UDF), lightly disturbed forest (LDF), and highly disturbed forest (HDF). All trees ≥5 cm DBH were measured in twenty-five 20 m × 20 m subplots. A total of 57 tree species belonging to 26 families were identified in the three forest types. The UDF had the highest basal area (30 m2 ha−1), followed by the LDF (17 m2 ha−1) and the HDF (13.0 m2 ha−1). The UDF also had the highest tree density (751 individuals ha−1) while the HDF held the lowest (478 individuals ha−1). Across all species, there were 417 “juveniles,” 267 “subadults,” and 67 “adults” in the UDF, while 274 “juveniles,” 230 “subadults,” and 36 “adults” were recorded in the LDF. 238 “juveniles,” 227 “subadults,” and 13 “adults” were obtained in the HDF. The univariate and bivariate data with pair- and mark-correlation functions of intra- and interspecific interactions of the five most abundant species changed in the three forest types. Most species indicated clumping or regular distributions at small scale, but a high ratio of negative interspecific small-scale associations was recorded in both the LDF and HDF sites. These were, however, rare in the UDF.

Pattern and impact of hornbill seed dispersal at nest trees in a moist evergreen forest in Thailand

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 545-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shumpei Kitamura ◽  
Takakazu Yumoto ◽  
Pilai Poonswad ◽  
Naohiko Noma ◽  
Phitaya Chuailua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Entire Process ◽  
Nest Sites ◽  
Seed Deposition ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Following the entire process of frugivore seed dispersal, from intake of seeds to seed deposition, is a difficult task. One alternative is to monitor areas of heavy seed rain deposited by animals. We quantified the number of seeds deposited by hornbills and followed the fates of these seedlings for 3 y to evaluate the effectiveness of hornbill seed dispersal at nest trees, on the basis of seedling survival. For 14 mo, fallen fruits and seeds were collected in traps established around four nest trees of each of two hornbill species (Aceros undulatus and Anthracoceros albirostris) and the seedlings were monitored in adjacent quadrats. Seedfall and seedlings of species represented in hornbill diets occurred at significantly higher densities in the traps/quadrats in front of nest cavities than in other traps/quadrats. Fewer seedling species and individuals germinated under nest trees than expected from the composition of the seedfall. Our results suggest that the quality of hornbill seed dispersal might be poor at nest trees due to the highly concentrated seedfall, which results in high seed and seedling mortality. Although seed deposition at nest trees is a useful guide to hornbill diet during the breeding season, it is clearly not of benefit to the plants involved. However, the pattern and consequences of hornbill seed dispersal at nest sites is likely very different from that during the non-breeding season.

Determinants of spatial patterns of canopy tree species in a tropical evergreen forest in Gabon

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 929-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nestor Laurier Engone Obiang ◽  
David Kenfack ◽  
Nicolas Picard ◽  
James A. Lutz ◽  
Pulchérie Bissiengou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Canopy Tree ◽  
Tropical Evergreen Forest ◽  
Canopy Tree Species

The albedo of a tropical evergreen forest

1980 ◽  
Vol 106 (449) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Pinker ◽  
O. E. Thompson ◽  
T. F. Eck
Keyword(s):  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Tropical Evergreen Forest

Frugivory and seed dispersal by Asian elephants, Elephas maximus, in a moist evergreen forest of Thailand

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shumpei Kitamura ◽  
Takakazu Yumoto ◽  
Pilai Poonswad ◽  
Prawat Wohandee
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Asian Elephants ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Living Species ◽  
Forest Elephants ◽  
Loxodonta Africana Cyclotis ◽  
Historical Range

The Asian elephant Elephas maximus is the only living species of the genus Elephas (Elephantidae) that evolved in Africa c. 5–6 million y ago and migrated into Eurasia (Sukumar 2003). The Asian elephant is one of the few remaining extant megafauna (Owen-Smith 1988) and has disappeared from c. 95% of its historical range (Sukumar 2006). Asian elephants eat fruit when it is available, defecating intact seeds, of which some later germinate in the dung (Lekagul & McNeely 1977, Ridley 1930). However, to date there has been no detailed study of frugivory and seed dispersal by Asian elephants (Corlett 1998). The only common feature of the fruit reported to be eaten by Asian elephants is their relatively large size, but there is no evidence that they are exclusive dispersers of any plant species (Corlett 1998), in contrast to the more frugivorous African forest elephants, Loxodonta africana cyclotis (Babweteera et al. 2007, Chapman et al. 1992, Cochrane 2003, Feer 1995).

scholarly journals Exploring the bacterial community composition of soil from a tropical dry evergreen forest in Tamil Nadu, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saptashwa Datta ◽  
Melvin S. Samuel ◽  
Ethiraj Selvarajan
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Dry Evergreen Forest ◽  
Tropical Evergreen Forest ◽  
Tropical Dry Evergreen Forest

Abstract Metagenomics is a cutting edge omics technology that has been employed in various fields including novel product discovery, diagnostics, and pollutant monitoring. 16S metagenome amplicon sequencing is used for understanding the microbial diversity from various environments. Forest ecosystems have been known for the discovery of novel bacteria and also bacteria that produces novel compounds that are pharmaceutically and industrially relevant. In this study we try to show the bacterial community structure of the soil obtained from a tropical evergreen forest in India. We use 16s metagenomics sequencing and then follow it up with various analysis like alpha diversity analysis, to find out the dominant bacterial species found in these soils. Actinobacteria was found to be the most copmmonly found bacterial phylum followed by proteobacteria, firmicutes, chloroflexi, acidobacteria, verrucomicrobia, bacteroidetes, gemmatimonadetes, nitospirae and other unclassified organisms. Further studies can elucidate on the discovery of novel compounds from these bacteria.

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