scholarly journals Macroecology of parental care in arthropods: higher mortality risk leads to higher benefits of offspring protection in tropical climates

2016 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 1688-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo S. A. Santos ◽  
Pedro P. Bueno ◽  
James D. J. Gilbert ◽  
Glauco Machado
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Offspring Protection ◽  
Tropical Climates

scholarly journals Macroecology of parental care in arthropods: higher mortality risk leads to higher benefits of offspring protection in tropical climates

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo S. A. Santos ◽  
Pedro Penna Bueno ◽  
James Gilbert ◽  
Glauco Machado
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Offspring Protection ◽  
Tropical Climates ◽  
The Tropics

The intensity of biotic interactions varies around the world, in such a way that mortality risk imposed by natural enemies is usually higher in the tropics. A major role of offspring attendance is protection against natural enemies, so the benefits of this behaviour should be higher in tropical regions. We tested this macroecological prediction with a meta‐regression of field experiments in which the mortality of guarded and unguarded broods was compared in arthropods. Mortality of unguarded broods was higher, and parental care was more beneficial, in warmer, less seasonal environments. Moreover, in these same environments, additional lines of defence further reduced offspring mortality, implying that offspring attendance alone is not enough to deter natural enemies in tropical regions. These results help to explain the high frequency of parental care among tropical species and how biotic interactions influence the occurrence of parental care over large geographic scales. Finally, our findings reveal that additional lines of defences – an oftentimes neglected component of parental care – have an important effect on the covariation between the benefits of parental care and the climate‐mediated mortality risk imposed by natural enemies.

486 Clinical composite endpoint classification of REVIVE II corresponds to all-cause mortality risk

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-107
Author(s):  
J TEERLINK ◽  
L DELGADOHERRERA ◽  
R THAKKAR ◽  
B HUANG ◽  
R PADLEY
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Composite Endpoint ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Discharge to Institution Tied to Mortality Risk

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
DAMIAN McNAMARA
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk

Emergency Department Admission and Mortality Rate for Suicidal Behavior

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 406-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimondo Maria Pavarin ◽  
Angelo Fioritti ◽  
Francesca Fontana ◽  
Silvia Marani ◽  
Alessandra Paparelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Cox Model ◽  
Emergency Department Admission ◽  
Completed Suicide

Background: The international literature reports that for every completed suicide there are between 8 and 22 visits to an Emergency Department (ED) for attempted suicide/suicidal behavior. Aims: To describe the characteristics of admission to emergency departments (EDs) for suicide-related presenting complaints in the metropolitan area of Bologna; to estimate the risk for all-cause mortality and for suicide; to identify the profiles of subjects most at risk. Method: Follow-up of patients admitted to the EDs of the metropolitan area of Bologna between January 2004 and December 2010 for attempted suicide. A Cox model was used to evaluate the association between sociodemographic variables and the general mortality risk. Results: We identified 505 cases of attempted suicide, which were more frequent for female subjects, over the weekend, and at night (8:00 p.m./8:00 a.m.). The most used suicide methods were psychotropic drugs, sharp or blunt objects, and jumping from high places. In this cohort, 3.6% of subjects completed suicide (4.5% of males vs. 2.9% of females), 2.3% within 1 year of the start of follow-up. The most common causes of death were drug use and hanging. In the multivariate analysis, those who used illicit drugs 24 hr prior to admission to the ED (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.46, 95% CI = 1.23–9.73) and patients who refused the treatment (HR = 6.74, 95% CI = 1.86–24.40) showed an increased mortality risk for suicide. Conclusion: Deliberate self-harm patients presenting to the ED who refuse treatment represent a specific target group for setting up dedicated prevention schemes.

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