Central metabolism as a potential origin of sex differences in morphine antinociception but not in the induction of antinociceptive tolerance in mice

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Gabel ◽  
Volodya Hovhannisyan ◽  
Virginie Andry ◽  
Yannick Goumon
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Central Metabolism ◽  
Antinociceptive Tolerance ◽  
Potential Origin

scholarly journals Sex differences in antinociceptive tolerance to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the rat

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexa A. Wakley ◽  
Jenny L. Wiley ◽  
Rebecca M. Craft
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Antinociceptive Tolerance

scholarly journals Central metabolism as a potential origin of sex differences in morphine analgesia but not in the induction of analgesic tolerance in mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Gabel ◽  
Volodya Hovhannisyan ◽  
Virginie Andry ◽  
Yannick Goumon
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Central Metabolism ◽  
Morphine Analgesia ◽  
Morphine Treatment ◽  
Chronic Morphine ◽  
Analgesic Tolerance ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Chronic Morphine Treatment

ABSTRACTIn rodents, morphine analgesia is influenced by sex. However, conflicting results exist regarding the interaction between sex and morphine analgesic tolerance. Morphine is metabolized in the liver and brain into morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G). Sex differences in morphine metabolism and differential metabolic adaptations during tolerance development might explain the behavioral discrepancies. The present article investigates the differences in peripheral and central morphine metabolism after acute and chronic morphine treatment in male and female mice.The first experiment aimed to determine whether morphine analgesia and tolerance differ between male and female mice using the tail-immersion test. The second experiment evaluated morphine and M3G metabolic kinetics in the blood using LC-MS/MS. Morphine and M3G were also quantified in several central nervous system (CNS) regions after acute and chronic morphine treatment. Finally, the blood-brain barrier permeability of M3G was assessed in male and female mice.This study demonstrated that female mice showed weaker morphine analgesia. In addition, tolerance appeared earlier in females but the sex discrepancies observed seemed to be due to the initial differences in morphine analgesia rather than to sex-specific mechanisms involving metabolism. Additionally, compared to male mice, female mice showed higher levels of M3G in the blood and in several CNS regions, whereas lower levels of morphine were observed in these brain regions. These differences are attributable mainly to morphine central metabolism, which differed between males and females in pain-related brain regions, consistent with the weaker analgesic effect in females. However, the role of morphine metabolism in analgesic tolerance seems rather limited.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Antinociceptive Tolerance Development to Δ 9 ‐THC and CP55,940 in Wild‐type and Desensitization‐Resistant S426A/S430A Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela N. Henderson‐Redmond ◽  
Diana E. Sepulveda ◽  
Erin L. Ferguson ◽  
Aaron M. Kline ◽  
Caitlin M. Nealon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Tolerance Development ◽  
Antinociceptive Tolerance

Author response for "Sex differences in the brains of capuchin monkeys ( Sapajus [Cebus] apella )"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Hecht ◽  
Olivia T. Reilly ◽  
Marcela Benítez ◽  
Kimberley A. Phillips ◽  
Sarah Brosnan
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cebus Apella ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Capuchin Monkeys

Auditory Perception of Rhyming in Kindergarten Children

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
June D. Knafle
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Auditory Perception ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Consonant Sounds

One hundred and eighty-nine kindergarten children were given a CVCC rhyming test which included four slightly different types of auditory differentiation. They obtained a greater number of correct scores on categories that provided maximum contrasts of final consonant sounds than they did on categories that provided less than maximum contrasts of final consonant sounds. For both sexes, significant differences were found between the categories; although the sex differences were not significant, girls made more correct rhyming responses than boys on the most difficult category.

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