scholarly journals Hydrogen sulfide: physiological properties and therapeutic potential in ischaemia

2015 ◽  
Vol 172 (6) ◽  
pp. 1479-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eelke M Bos ◽  
Harry van Goor ◽  
Jaap A Joles ◽  
Matthew Whiteman ◽  
Henri G D Leuvenink
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Physiological Properties

Hydrogen sulfide-mediated cardioprotection: mechanisms and therapeutic potential

2010 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhav Lavu ◽  
Shashi Bhushan ◽  
David J. Lefer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Blood Pressure Regulation ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Signalling Molecule ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

H2S (hydrogen sulfide), viewed with dread for more than 300 years, is rapidly becoming a ubiquitously present and physiologically relevant signalling molecule. Knowledge of the production and metabolism of H2S has spurred interest in delineating its functions both in physiology and pathophysiology of disease. Although its role in blood pressure regulation and interaction with NO is controversial, H2S, through its anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, has demonstrated significant cardioprotection. As a result, a number of sulfide-donor drugs, including garlic-derived polysulfides, are currently being designed and investigated for the treatment of cardiovascular conditions, specifically myocardial ischaemic disease. However, huge gaps remain in our knowledge about this gasotransmitter. Only by additional studies will we understand more about the role of this intriguing molecule in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals The Cardioprotective Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide in Heart Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Potential

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqi Shen ◽  
Zhuqing Shen ◽  
Shanshan Luo ◽  
Wei Guo ◽  
Yi Zhun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Mammalian Tissues ◽  
Antioxidative Action

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is now recognized as a third gaseous mediator along with nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), though it was originally considered as a malodorous and toxic gas. H2S is produced endogenously from cysteine by three enzymes in mammalian tissues. An increasing body of evidence suggests the involvement of H2S in different physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have shown that H2S has the potential to protect the heart against myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, hypertrophy, fibrosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and heart failure. Some mechanisms, such as antioxidative action, preservation of mitochondrial function, reduction of apoptosis, anti-inflammatory responses, angiogenic actions, regulation of ion channel, and interaction with NO, could be responsible for the cardioprotective effect of H2S. Although several mechanisms have been identified, there is a need for further research to identify the specific molecular mechanism of cardioprotection in different cardiac diseases. Therefore, insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying H2S action in the heart may promote the understanding of pathophysiology of cardiac diseases and lead to new therapeutic targets based on modulation of H2S production.

scholarly journals Therapeutic potential of endogenous hydrogen sulfide inhibition in breast cancer (Review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Ya Liu ◽  
Yuying Deng ◽  
Limin Pan ◽  
Han Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Cancer Review ◽  
Sulfide Inhibition

Moving Past Quinone-Methides: Recent Advances toward Minimizing Electrophilic Byproducts from COS/H2S Donors

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Pluth
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Carbonyl Sulfide ◽  
Quinone Methide ◽  
Quinone Methides ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Recent Approach ◽  
Alternative Approaches

: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important biomolecule that plays key signaling and protective roles in different physiological processes. With the goals of advancing both the available research tools and the associated therapeutic potential of H2S, researchers have developed different methods to deliver H2S on-demand in different biological contexts. A recent approach to develop such donors has been to design compounds that release carbonyl sulfide (COS), which is quickly converted to H2S in biological systems by the ubiquitous enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA). Although highly diversifiable, many approaches using this general platform release quinone methides or related electrophiles after donor activation. Many such electrophiles are likely scavenged by water, but recent efforts have also expanded alternative approaches that minimize the formation of electrophilic byproducts generated after COS release. This mini-review focuses specifically on recent examples of COS-based H2S donors that do not generate quinone methide byproducts after donor activation.

Hydrogen sulfide donors: Therapeutic potential in anti-atherosclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 112665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honghua Zhang ◽  
Zhongjie Bai ◽  
Longqing Zhu ◽  
Yan Liang ◽  
Xiaohong Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Therapeutic Potential

scholarly journals Hydrogen sulfide deficiency and diabetic renal remodeling: role of matrix metalloproteinase-9

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (12) ◽  
pp. E1365-E1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sourav Kundu ◽  
Sathnur B. Pushpakumar ◽  
Aaron Tyagi ◽  
Denise Coley ◽  
Utpal Sen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ◽  
Double Knockout ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Connexin 40 ◽  
Akita Mice ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) causes adverse remodeling, whereas hydrogen sulfide (H2S) rescues organs in vascular diseases. The involvement of MMP-9 and H2S in diabetic renovascular remodeling is, however, not well characterized. We determined whether MMP-9 regulates H2S generation and whether H2S modulates connexin through N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R)-mediated pathway in the diabetic kidney. Wild-type (WT, C57BL/6J), diabetic (Akita, C57BL/6J- Ins2 Akita), MMP-9−/− (M9KO), double knockout (DKO) of Akita/MMP-9−/− mice and in vitro cell culture were used in our study. Hyperglycemic Akita mice exhibited increased level of MMP-9 and decreased production of H2S. H2S-synthesizing enzymes cystathionine-β-synthase and cystathionine-γ-lyase were also diminished. In addition, increased expressions of NMDA-R1 and connexin-40 and -43 were observed in diabetic kidney. As expected, MMP-9 mRNA was not detected in M9KO kidneys. However, very thin protein expression and activity were detected. No other changes were noticed in M9KO kidney. In DKO mice, all the above molecules showed a trend toward baseline despite hyperglycemia. In vitro, glomerular endothelial cells treated with high glucose showed induction of MMP-9, attenuated H2S production, NMDA-R1 induction, and dysregulated conexin-40 and -43 expressions. Silencing MMP-9 by siRNA or inhibition of NMDA-R1 by MK801 or H2S treatment preserved connexin-40 and -43. We conclude that in diabetic renovascular remodeling MMP-9 plays a major role and that H2S has therapeutic potential to prevent adverse diabetic renal remodeling.

Changes in TMS Measures induced by repetitive TMS

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Classen ◽  
Katja Stefan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Stimulation Period ◽  
Ischemic Nerve Block ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Insight Into

This article reviews several protocols of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)-induced plasticity. rTMS, when applied to the motor cortex or other cortical regions of the brain, may induce effects that outlast the stimulation period. The neural plasticity, which emerges as a result of such interventions, has been studied to gain insight into plasticity mechanisms of the brain. In two protocols the structure of rTMS trains is modified, informed by the knowledge of the physiological properties of the corticospinal system. Pulse configuration, stimulus frequency, stimulus intensity, the duration of the application period, and the total number of stimuli are some variables that have to be taken into account when reviewing the physiological effects of rTMS. This article also introduces the concept of patterned rTMS pulses and rTMS with ischemic nerve block. In addition, rTMS has raised considerable interest because of its therapeutic potential; however, much needs to be done in this field.

scholarly journals Effects of pH and Lactate on Hydrogen Sulfide Production by Oral Veillonella spp.

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (14) ◽  
pp. 4184-4188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumpei Washio ◽  
Yuko Shimada ◽  
Masakazu Yamada ◽  
Ryouichi Sakamaki ◽  
Nobuhiro Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Resting Cells ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cell Extracts ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Type Strains

ABSTRACTIndigenous oral bacteria in the tongue coating such asVeillonellahave been identified as the main producers of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), one of the major components of oral malodor. However, there is little information on the physiological properties of H2S production by oralVeillonellasuch as metabolic activity and oral environmental factors which may affect H2S production. Thus, in the present study, the H2S-producing activity of growing cells, resting cells, and cell extracts of oralVeillonellaspecies and the effects of oral environmental factors, including pH and lactate, were investigated. Type strains ofVeillonella atypica,Veillonella dispar, andVeillonella parvulawere used. TheseVeillonellaspecies produced H2S during growth in the presence ofl-cysteine. Resting cells of these bacteria produced H2S froml-cysteine, and the cell extracts showed enzymatic activity to convertl-cysteine to H2S. H2S production by resting cells was higher at pH 6 to 7 and lower at pH 5. The presence of lactate markedly increased H2S production by resting cells (4.5- to 23.7-fold), while lactate had no effect on enzymatic activity in cell extracts. In addition to H2S, ammonia was produced in cell extracts of all the strains, indicating that H2S was produced by the catalysis of cystathionine γ-lyase (EC 4.4.1.1). Serine was also produced in cell extracts ofV. atypicaandV. parvula, suggesting the involvement of cystathionine β-synthase lyase (EC 4.2.1.22) in these strains. This study indicates thatVeillonellaproduce H2S froml-cysteine and that their H2S production can be regulated by oral environmental factors, namely, pH and lactate.

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