scholarly journals The presence of TIM‐3 positive cells in WHO grade III and IV astrocytic gliomas correlates with isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation status

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia D. Sørensen ◽  
Ole Nielsen ◽  
Guido Reifenberger ◽  
Bjarne W. Kristensen
Keyword(s):  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Mutation Status ◽  
Astrocytic Gliomas ◽  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutation ◽  
Who Grade Iii ◽  
Grade Iii

Lack of prognostic relevance of alterations in the epidermal growth factor receptor—transforming growth factor-α pathway in human astrocytic gliomas

1996 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 634-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Waha ◽  
Axel Baumann ◽  
Helmut K. Wolf ◽  
Rolf Fimmers ◽  
Jürgen Neumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Gene Amplification ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Α ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Astrocytic Gliomas ◽  
Who Grade Iii ◽  
Grade Iii

✓ Alterations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its main ligand, transforming growth factor-α (TGFα), were investigated for a possible prognostic relevance in 125 astrocytic gliomas (44 World Health Organization (WHO) Grade II, 19 WHO Grade III, and 62 WHO Grade IV tumors). The TGFα and EGFR proteins were detected immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies. A positive immunoreaction to TGFa was detected in 33 (75%) of 44 WHO Grade II astrocytomas, 18 (95%) of 19 WHO Grade III astrocytoma, and 50 (81%) of 62 WHO Grade IV glioblastomas. No correlation between TGFα immunoreaction and duration of survival could be found. A positive EGFR immunoreaction was detected in seven (16%) of 44 WHO Grade II astrocytomas, five (26%) of 19 WHO Grade III astrocytomas, and 32 (52%) of 62 WHO Grade IV glioblastomas. Of these gliomas, 97 (26 WHO Grade II, 17 WHO Grade III, and 54 WHO Grade IV gliomas) were examined for EGFR gene amplification using a differential polymerase chain reaction assay. Amplification of the EGFR gene was detected in none of the WHO Grade II astrocytomas, one (6%) of 17 WHO Grade III astrocytomas, and 18 (33%) of 54 WHO Grade IV glioblastomas. Twenty-two of the tumors investigated showed a positive EGFR immunoreaction without detectable gene amplification (five WHO Grade II, four WHO Grade III, and 13 WHO Grade IV tumors). Gene amplification was invariably associated with a positive EGFR immunoreaction. For the entire study group, a strong correlation between EGFR alterations (gene amplification and positive immunoreaction) and survival could be found. However, this correlation only reflected the higher percentages of cases with EGFR alterations in malignant gliomas and was not an independent prognostic factor as determined by multifactorial analysis. These data demonstrate that EGFR alterations are frequent events in astrocytic gliomas and are largely restricted to glioblastomas. However, within one tumor grade they do not provide prognostic information.

Radiotherapy with Concomitant Temozolomide in WHO Grade III Glial Tumors

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. S235
Author(s):  
F. Zorlu ◽  
M. Gurkaynak ◽  
U. Selek ◽  
S. Ulger ◽  
A. Turker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Who Grade ◽  
Glial Tumors ◽  
Who Grade Iii ◽  
Grade Iii

scholarly journals High-grade glioma with anterior skull base erosion and intranasal extension: case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 1484-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Stib ◽  
Michael Johnson ◽  
Alan Siu ◽  
M. Isabel Almira-Suarez ◽  
Zachary Litvack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Anterior Skull Base ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Who Grade Iii ◽  
Grade Iii

The authors describe the case of a large WHO Grade III anaplastic oligoastrocytoma extending through the anterior skull base and into the right nasal cavity and sinuses. Glial neoplasms are typically confined to the intracranial compartment within the brain parenchyma and rarely extend into the nasal cavity without prior surgical or radiation therapy. This 42-year-old woman presented with progressive headaches and sinus congestion. MR imaging findings revealed a large intracranial lesion with intranasal extension. Endoscopic nasal biopsy revealed pathology consistent with an infiltrating glioma. The patient subsequently underwent a combined transcranial/endonasal endoscopic approach for resection of this lesion. Pathological diagnosis revealed a WHO Grade III oligoastrocytoma. This report reviews the mechanisms of extradural glioma extension. To the authors' knowledge, it is the second report of a high-grade glioma exhibiting nasal extension without prior surgical or radiation treatment.

scholarly journals The Expression of Progesterone Receptors in Meningiomas of Different Grades

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Mohammad Tahir ◽  
Tehreem Atif ◽  
Summaya Sohail ◽  
Arfa Nawazish ◽  
Huma Mushtaq
Keyword(s):  
Progesterone Receptor ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Method ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Who Grade Iii ◽  
Grade Iii

Background: Meningiomas are slow growing intracranial and intraspinal neoplasms with a tendency to recur locally. WHO grades them as I (benign), II (atypical) and III (anaplastic) in order of their increasing aggressiveness, based on histological parameters and brain parenchymal invasion. Progesterone receptors (PR) are more prevalent amongst the lower grade meningiomas. The objective of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical expression of progesterone receptors in meningiomas of different grades.Material and Methods: A total of 100 cases were selected over a period of 2.5 years. Three to five microns’ thick sections stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin were examined microscopically by a team of two Histopathologists and graded into grades I, II and III, according to 2016 WHO classification criteria. Another section of the original tumor was stained with progesterone receptor antibody using the conventional immunoperoxidase method. Stained slides were than examined by the same team of Histopathologists and declared positive (if nuclear staining was observed in more than 10% of tumor cells) or negative. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 21.Results: Out of a total of 100 cases of meningioma, there were 79 cases of benign/typical WHO grade I, 15 cases of atypical/ WHO grade II and 6 cases of anaplastic/ WHO grade III tumor. PR status was positive in 89.8 % (71/79) of grade I meningiomas and 46.6 % (7/15) of grade II/Atypical meningiomas. The 06 cases of Anaplastic/WHO grade III tumors were negative for PR. There was a higher prevalence of Progesterone receptors in female patients (89.8%; 53/59) as compared to male meningioma patients (60.9%; 25/41).Conclusion: We observed a decreased expression of progesterone receptor in higher grades of meningioma in this study. It is an effort to explore conservative treatment options for inoperable lesions, as anti-progesterone therapy may hold a promise as a new treatment option in the near future.

High-grade gliomas and molecular biology of neurosurgical oncology

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-106
Author(s):  
Stephen J Price ◽  
Harry Bulstrode ◽  
Richard Mair
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Who Grade Iii ◽  
Grade Iii

The term high-grade glioma (HGG) encompasses a number of histological entities that are considered by the WHO Classification as WHO Grade III and IV tumours. They have traditionally been considered as having similar behaviour and had been treated in a similar manner but recent advances in our understanding of tumour biology have led to the identification of molecular markers that are now central to the classification of these tumours. Normal human cells develop into cancer cells through a stepwise accumulation of genomic and epigenomic alterations and this chapter considers the molecular markers of gliomas and explains their significance before going on to discuss the optimal management.

scholarly journals Treatment of Glioma Using neuroArm Surgical System

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaser Maddahi ◽  
Kourosh Zareinia ◽  
Liu Shi Gan ◽  
Christina Sutherland ◽  
Sanju Lama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaplastic Astrocytoma ◽  
Glioma Surgery ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Interaction Forces ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Tissue Interaction ◽  
Oligodendroglial Component ◽  
Size Type ◽  
Who Grade Iii ◽  
Grade Iii

The use of robotic technology in the surgical treatment of brain tumour promises increased precision and accuracy in the performance of surgery. Robotic manipulators may allow superior access to narrow surgical corridors compared to freehand or conventional neurosurgery. This paper reports values and ranges of tool-tissue interaction forces during the performance of glioma surgery using an MR compatible, image-guided neurosurgical robot called neuroArm. The system, capable of microsurgery and stereotaxy, was used in the surgical resection of glioma in seven cases. neuroArm is equipped with force sensors at the end-effector allowing quantification of tool-tissue interaction forces and transmits force of dissection to the surgeon sited at a remote workstation that includes a haptic interface. Interaction forces between the tool tips and the brain tissue were measured for each procedure, and the peak forces were quantified. Results showed maximum and minimum peak force values of 2.89 N (anaplastic astrocytoma, WHO grade III) and 0.50 N (anaplastic oligodendroglioma, WHO grade III), respectively, with the mean of peak forces varying from case to case, depending on type of the glioma. Mean values of the peak forces varied in range of 1.27 N (anaplastic astrocytoma, WHO grade III) to 1.89 N (glioblastoma with oligodendroglial component, WHO grade IV). In some cases, ANOVA test failed to reject the null hypothesis of equality in means of the peak forces measured. However, we could not find a relationship between forces exerted to the pathological tissue and its size, type, or location.

FP2-3 Ten years of paediatric neuro-oncology surgery: quantifying and predicting complications after surgery for intracranial tumour excision

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. e26.1-e26
Author(s):  
MT Foster ◽  
R Grayston ◽  
D Hennigan ◽  
LS Harishchandra ◽  
LV Tonder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Intracranial Tumour ◽  
Surgical Morbidity ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Age At Surgery ◽  
Grading Scale ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Scale Data ◽  
Who Grade Iii ◽  
Grade Iii

ObjectivesTo measure complications of paediatric neurooncology surgery using the Clavien Dindo grading scale, and identify predictors of surgical morbidity.DesignRetrospective review of prospectively collected data.SubjectsAll paediatric patients treated with craniotomy for excision of intracranial tumour between 2008 and 2017 in a single tertiary paediatric neurosurgery centre.MethodsDemographics, surgical details and perioperative complications were prospectively recorded between 0 and 30 days post operatively. These were retrospectively graded using the CD scale. Data analysis was done in R using logistic regression. Significance was defined as p<0.05ResultsBetween 3/1/2008 and 21/12/2017 there were 322 operations, on 254 patients (142 Male). Median age at surgery was 9 years (IQR 4–13 years). 48% were without complication on the CD scale. Maximum CD grade complication for each procedure was 1 in 11%, 2 in 19%, 3A in 2%, 3B in 14%, and 4 in 0.6% of operations. 30 day mortality was 0.9%. CD grade of 3B or over was associated with infratentorial tumours (OR 2.24; CI 1.10–4.68; p=0.004) and WHO grade III tumours (OR 4.12; CI 1.56–10.86; p=0.028).ConclusionsComplications in paediatric neurooncology surgery are common overall, but our results are favourable in comparison to the literature. The CD scale has limitations in neurosurgery but gives insight into the health economic impact of complications. Infratentorial tumours, and WHO grade III tumours were associated with increased morbidity.

scholarly journals Histological-subtypes and anatomical location correlated in meningeal brain tumors (meningiomas)

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 244-249
Author(s):  
Abdul Rashid Bhat ◽  
Muhammed Afzal Wani ◽  
Altaf Rehman Kirmani ◽  
Altaf Umar Ramzan
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Histological Subtypes ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Sphenoid Ridge ◽  
Who Grade Iii ◽  
Grade Iii

ABSTRACT Context: Not enough literature is available to suggest a link between the histological subtypes of intracranial meningeal brain tumors, called ‘meningiomas’ and their location of origin. Aim: The evidence of correlation between the anatomical location of the intracranial meningiomas and the histopathological grades will facilitate specific diagnosis and accurate treatment. Materials and Methods: The retrospective study was conducted in a single high-patient-inflow Neurosurgical Center, under a standard and uniform medical protocol, over a period of 30 years from December 1982 to December 2012. The records of all the operated 729 meningiomas were analyzed from the patient files in the Medical Records Department. The biodata, x-rays, angiography, computed tomography (CT) scans, imaging, histopathological reports, and mortality were evaluated and results drawn. Results: The uncommon histopathological types of meningiomas (16.88%) had common locations of origin in the sphenoid ridge, posterior parafalcine, jugular foramen, peritorcular and intraventricular regions, cerebellopontine angle, and tentorial and petroclival areas. The histopathological World Health Organization (WHO) Grade I (Benign Type) meningiomas were noted in 89.30%, WHO Grade II (Atypical Type) in 5.90%, and WHO Grade III (Malignant Type) in 4.80% of all meningiomas. Meningiomas of 64.60% were found in females, 47.32% were in the age group of 41-50 years, and 3.43% meningiomas were found in children. An overall mortality of 6.04% was noted. WHO Grade III (malignant meningiomas) carried a high mortality (25.71%) and the most common sites of meningiomas with high mortality were: The cerebellopontine angles, intraventricular region, sphenoid ridge, tuberculum sellae, and the posterior parafalcine areas. Conclusion: The correlation between the histological subtypes and the anatomical location of intracranial meningeal brain tumors, called meningiomas, is evident, but further research is required to establish the link.

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