scholarly journals Long-term survival and regeneration of neuronal and vasculature cells inside the core region after ischemic stroke in adult mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Qize Jiang ◽  
Ying-Ying Zhao ◽  
Wenyuan Cao ◽  
Zheng Zachory Wei ◽  
Xiaohuan Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Core Region ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
The Core ◽  
Adult Mice

scholarly journals The TALE Homeodomain Protein Pbx2 Is Not Essential for Development and Long-Term Survival

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 5324-5331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Licia Selleri ◽  
Jorge DiMartino ◽  
Jan van Deursen ◽  
Andrea Brendolan ◽  
Mrinmoy Sanyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Homeodomain Protein ◽  
Mammalian Development ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Tale Homeodomain

ABSTRACT Pbx2 is one of four mammalian genes that encode closely related TALE homeodomain proteins, which serve as DNA binding partners for a subset of Hox transcription factors. The expression and contributions of Pbx2 to mammalian development remain undefined, in contrast to the essential roles recently established for family members Pbx1 and Pbx3. Here we report that Pbx2 is widely expressed during embryonic development, particularly in neural and epithelial tissues during late gestation. Despite wide Pbx2 expression, mice homozygous mutant for Pbx2 are born at the expected Mendelian frequencies and exhibit no detectable abnormalities in development and organogenesis or reduction of long-term survival. The lack of an apparent phenotype in Pbx2− /− mice likely reflects functional redundancy, since the Pbx2 protein is present at considerably lower levels than comparable isoforms of Pbx1 and/or Pbx3 in embryonic tissues. In postnatal bone marrow and thymus, however, Pbx2 is the predominant high-molecular-weight (MW)-isoform Pbx protein detectable by immunoblotting. Nevertheless, the absence of Pbx2 has no measurable effect on steady-state hematopoiesis or immune function in adult mice, suggesting possible compensation by low-MW-isoform Pbx proteins present in these tissues. We conclude that the roles of Pbx2 in murine embryonic development, organogenesis, hematopoiesis, immune responses, and long-term survival are not essential.

scholarly journals Long-term survival after ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation

Neurology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1033-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Fang ◽  
A. S. Go ◽  
Y. Chang ◽  
L. H. Borowsky ◽  
N. K. Pomernacki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival

scholarly journals Impact of multiple cardiovascular medications on mortality after an incidence of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian-Tian Ma ◽  
Ian C. K. Wong ◽  
Cate Whittlesea ◽  
Kenneth K. C. Man ◽  
Wallis Lau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Transient Ischemic Attack ◽  
Stroke Event ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Cardiovascular Medications ◽  
Ischemic Attack

Abstract Background To manage the risk factors and to improve clinical outcomes, patients with stroke commonly receive multiple cardiovascular medications. However, there is a lack of evidence on the optimum combination of medication therapy in the primary care setting after ischemic stroke. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of multiple cardiovascular medications on long-term survival after an incident stroke event (ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA)). Methods This study consisted of 52,619 patients aged 45 and above with an incident stroke event between 2007 and 2016 in The Health Improvement Network database. We estimated the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with multiple cardiovascular medications versus monotherapy using a marginal structural model. Results During an average follow-up of 3.6 years, there were 9230 deaths (7635 in multiple cardiovascular medication groups and 1595 in the monotherapy group). Compared with patients prescribed monotherapy only, the HRs of mortality were 0.82 (95% CI 0.75–0.89) for two medications, 0.65 (0.59–0.70) for three medications, 0.61 (0.56–0.67) for four medications, 0.60 (0.54–0.66) for five medications and 0.66 (0.59–0.74) for ≥ six medications. Patients with any four classes of antiplatelet agents (APAs), lipid-regulating medications (LRMs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), beta-blockers, diuretics and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) had the lowest risk of mortality (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.46–0.57) versus any one class. The combination containing APAs, LRMs, ACEIs/ARBs and CCBs was associated with a 61% (95% CI 53–68%) lower risk of mortality compared with APAs alone. Conclusion Our results suggested that combination therapy of four or five cardiovascular medications may be optimal to improve long-term survival after incident ischemic stroke or TIA. APAs, LRMs, ACEIs/ARBs and CCBs were the optimal constituents of combination therapy in the present study.

scholarly journals Educational History Is an Independent Predictor of Cognitive Deficits and Long-Term Survival in Postacute Patients With Mild to Moderate Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 2931-2935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Ojala-Oksala ◽  
Hanna Jokinen ◽  
Valtteri Kopsi ◽  
Kalevi Lehtonen ◽  
Liisa Luukkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Educational History
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