Human-affected disturbances in vegetation cover and peatland development in the late Holocene recorded in shallow mountain peatlands (Central Sudetes, SW Poland)

Bartłomiej Glina; Małgorzata Malkiewicz; Łukasz Mendyk; Adam Bogacz; Przemysław Woźniczka

doi:10.1111/bor.12203

New Data on the Middle–Late Holocene Evolution of Vegetation Cover in the Northern Baikal Region

Doklady Earth Sciences ◽

10.1134/s1028334x19090083 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 488 (1) ◽

pp. 1076-1080

Author(s):

K. E. Vershinin ◽

Ed. Yu. Osipov

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Cover ◽

Late Holocene ◽

Baikal Region ◽

Evolution Of Vegetation

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Late Holocene climate-induced forest transformation and peatland establishment in the central Appalachians

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/j.yqres.2016.02.001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 85 (2) ◽

pp. 204-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Robert K. Booth ◽

Alex W. Ireland ◽

Katharine LeBoeuf ◽

Amy Hessl

Keyword(s):

Late Holocene ◽

Primary Source ◽

Community Change ◽

Forest Composition ◽

Ecological Change ◽

Upland Forest ◽

Developmental Models ◽

Ecological Changes ◽

Peatland Development ◽

Moisture Variability

Understanding the potential for ecosystem transformation and community change in response to climate variability is central to anticipating future ecological changes, and long-term records provide a primary source of information on these dynamics. We investigated the late Holocene history of upland forest and peatland development at Cranesville Swamp, a peatland located along the West Virginia–Maryland border in the USA. Our primary goal was to determine whether establishment of peatland was triggered by moisture variability, similar to recent developmental models derived from depressional peatlands in glaciated regions. Results indicate that the peatland established at about 1200 cal yr BP, and was associated with a dramatic and persistent change in upland forest composition. Furthermore, timing of these upland and wetland ecological changes corresponded with evidence for multidecadal drought and enhanced moisture variability from nearby tree-ring and speleothem climatic reconstructions. Our results add to a growing body of research highlighting the sensitivity of both peatland development and upland forest communities to transient drought and enhanced moisture variability, and suggest that enhanced moisture variability in the future could increase the probability of similarly abrupt and persistent ecological change, even in humid regions like eastern North America.

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Évolution holocène d'une tourbière à pergélisol (Québec nordique)

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b85-152 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 63 (6) ◽

pp. 1104-1121 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Line Couillard ◽

Serge Payette

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Cover ◽

Site Conditions ◽

Vegetation Types ◽

Climatic Warming ◽

Vegetation Development ◽

The Holocene ◽

Peatland Development ◽

Peat Plateaus

The Holocene development of a peat plateau peatland in northern Québec has been reconstructed from present vegetation and buried macrofossil analogues found in peat. This peatland is presently formed by nine morphological units characterized by homogenous site conditions (drainage, topography, and vegetation cover). Seven ombrotrophic and eight minerotrophic vegetation types are found in the peatland, but the ombrotrophic types cover 66% of the peatland surface. Reconstitution of the Holocene peatland development from 3700 BP to present was based on the succession of bryophytes within the morphological units. Between 3200 and 2700 BP, minerotrophic vegetation such as sedge fens, pools, and tamarack woodlands (now locally extinct) dominated the peatland. Peat plateaus and palsas were progressively formed after 2700 BP. The expansion of these units is closely related to several cooling periods that occurred after 2700, 1400, 1100, 700, and 150 BP. Thermokarst pools were created within the peat plateaus around 1100 BP after a burn, and other similar depressions formed around 340 BP and Present because of the recent climatic warming. Plant successions show that long-term vegetation development in the peatland is rather complex and diversified. These successions indicate that peat plateaus gradually developed during the last thousand years in relation with topographical conditions, drainage, vegetation cover, fire, and climate. Palsas were formed more recently than peat plateaus, between 700 and 500 years BP, and around 150 years BP.

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Paleohydrological Implications of Holocene Peatland Development in Northern Michigan

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/0033-5894(87)90085-8 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 297-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Norton G. Miller ◽

Richard P. Futyma

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Water Table ◽

Late Holocene ◽

Peat Accumulation ◽

The Holocene ◽

Plant Macrofossil ◽

Rich Fen ◽

Peatland Development ◽

Holocene Climates ◽

Northern Michigan

AbstractSediment, pollen, and plant macrofossil stratigraphies from two small oligotrophic Chamaedaphne-Sphagnum peatlands provide data about local hydrologic changes in northern Michigan during the Holocene. Gleason Bog started about 8000 yr B.P. as a shallow pond that supported rich fen vegetation. After it was partly filled with peat and sand (about 4000 yr B.P.), the vegetation changed to oligotrophic bog. At Gates Bog paludification starting about 3800 yr B.P. caused peat accumulation over sand without an initial pond phase. The onset of peat accumulation at both sites is attributed to a rise in the water table resulting from the onset of cool and moist late Holocene climates. The water table of Gleason Bog is linked to the water level of adjacent Douglas Lake, which may have undergone a simultaneous rise. The results emphasize the individuality of hydrological conditions and hydroseral development in northern Michigan peatlands.

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A multi-proxy reconstruction of peatland development and regional vegetation changes in subarctic NE Fennoscandia (the Republic of Karelia, Russia) during the Holocene

The Holocene ◽

10.1177/0959683620972795 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095968362097279

Author(s):

Kirill V Babeshko ◽

Anna Shkurko ◽

Andrey N Tsyganov ◽

Elena E Severova ◽

Mariusz Gałka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Cover ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Middle Taiga ◽

Vegetation Changes ◽

Taiga Zone ◽

Subarctic Region ◽

The Holocene ◽

Peat Deposits ◽

Peatland Development ◽

The Republic

A better understanding of past long-term environmental changes in the subarctic region is crucial for mitigation of the possible negative effects of climate warming in this vulnerable region. This study provides a new multi-proxy reconstruction of regional vegetation changes and peatland development for north-eastern Fennoscandia (Russia) during most of the Holocene. To that purpose, we performed plant macrofossil, pollen, testate amoebae, peat humification, loss on ignition and radiocarbon analyses of the peat deposits from a mire around Vodoprovodnoe Lake (the Kindo Peninsula, the Republic of Karelia). Our data indicate that the peat deposits started accumulating before 9147 ± 182 cal. yr. BP. The vegetation cover in the area was mainly typical for the northern taiga zone, except for the period ~7800–5600 cal. yr. BP, when it generally resembled the middle taiga zone. The vegetation cover and peatland were greatly affected by reoccurring fires, which can be partly related to human activity. These events were associated with an increased proportion of birch in the vegetation cover (as a pioneer species) and/or water level decreases. By 600 cal. yr. BP, the peatland and the surrounding vegetation reached its current state and only minor changes had been recorded since that time. Overall, our results suggest a considerable and unexpected role of fires in the postglacial dynamics of subarctic peatlands.

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