scholarly journals Character shift and habitat colonization in widespread island taxa

2013 ◽  
Vol 174 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos García-Verdugo
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Colonization

scholarly journals Seed dispersal of Solanum thomasiifolium Sendtner (Solanaceae) in the Linhares Forest, Espírito Santo state, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Vasconcellos-Neto ◽  
Lidiamar Barbosa de Albuquerque ◽  
Wesley Rodrigues Silva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Control Bird ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Bird Droppings ◽  
Fruit Productivity ◽  
Habitat Colonization ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to analyse seed dispersal and establishment of Solanum thomasiifolium in an area of "nativo" vegetation in Espirito Santo state on the southeastern Brazilian coast. Ten species of birds, the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous), and one species of lizard (Tropidurus torquatus) fed on S. thomasiifolium fruits and dispersed viable seeds in their faeces. The proportional contribution of each of these groups to seed dispersal was 77% (birds), 19% (crab-eating fox) and 4% (lizards). Ants also contributed to seed dispersal. More seeds were deposited in vegetation islands than in the surrounding open areas. Germination rates of seeds collected directly from fruit (control), bird droppings, the faeces of crab-eating foxes and lizards were, respectively, 64, 64, 53, and 80 %. Differences among these rates were all significant, except between birds and control. Lizards were important as seed carriers between nearby islands and they expelled a higher proportion of viable seeds. Birds and the crab-eating foxes did not enhance seed germination, but promoted seed dispersal over a wider area. Plant architecture, fruit productivity, fruit characteristics and the diversity of frugivores are important for the success of S. thomasiifolium in habitat colonization.

Cave Habitat Colonization

2006 ◽  
pp. 475-475
Author(s):  
David Slaney ◽  
Philip Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Colonization ◽  
Cave Habitat

scholarly journals Naturally-primed life strategy plasticity of dimorphic Aethionema arabicum facilitates optimal habitat colonization

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samik Bhattacharya ◽  
Katja Sperber ◽  
Barış Özüdoğru ◽  
Gerhard Leubner-Metzger ◽  
Klaus Mummenhoff
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Plasticity ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Plant Dispersal ◽  
Stress Gradients ◽  
Life Phase ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Dispersal Traits ◽  
Habitat Colonization ◽  
Optimal Habitat

Abstract Plasticity in plant dispersal traits can maximise the ability of a plant species to survive in stressful environments during colonization. Aethionema arabicum (Brassicaceae) is a dimorphic annual species that is hypothesized to survive stressful conditions during colonization due to adaptive plasticity in life-phase (vegetative vs sexual) and fruit morph (dehiscent [DEH] vs indehiscent fruits [IND]). We tested for adaptive plasticity in life-phase and fruit morphs along laboratory environmental stress gradients found in the natural habitats of Ae. arabicum. We considered optimal environmental conditions (750–2000 m above sea level) to be those that resulted in the following fitness parameters: higher biomass and a higher total number of fruits compared to stressful habitats. We found evidence of plasticity in life-phase and fruit-morph along a stressful environmental gradient. High hydrothermal stress proportionally increased the number of dehiscent morphs and non-dormant seeds germinating in autumn. This offsets natural phenology towards dry and cold winter (less hydrothermal stress), yielding fewer fruits that dehisce in the next generation. We conclude that the plastic responses of Ae. arabicum to natural stress gradients constitute a strategy of long-term adaptive benefits and favouring potential pathways of colonisation of the optimal habitat.

Organism responses to habitat fragmentation and diversity: Habitat colonization by estuarine macrofauna

1999 ◽  
Vol 236 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B Eggleston ◽  
Ward E Elis ◽  
Lisa L Etherington ◽  
Craig P Dahlgren ◽  
Martin H Posey
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Habitat Colonization

scholarly journals Correction to ‘Predator diversity reduces habitat colonization by mosquitoes and midges’

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 20170034
Author(s):  
Ethan G. Staats ◽  
Salvatore J. Agosta ◽  
James R. Vonesh
Keyword(s):  
Predator Diversity ◽  
Habitat Colonization

scholarly journals Soil Layers Matter: Vertical Stratification of Root-Associated Fungal Assemblages in Temperate Forests Reveals Differences in Habitat Colonization

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2131
Author(s):  
Anis Mahmud Khokon ◽  
Dominik Schneider ◽  
Rolf Daniel ◽  
Andrea Polle
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Temperate Forests ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Saprotrophic Fungi ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Habitat Colonization ◽  
Phylogenetic Signature

Ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi play pivotal roles in ecosystem functioning. Here, we studied the vertical differentiation of root-associated fungi (RAF) in temperate forests. We analysed RAF assemblages in the organic and mineral soil from 150 experimental forest plots across three biogeographic regions spanning a distance of about 800 km. Saprotrophic RAF showed the highest richness in organic and symbiotrophic RAF in mineral soil. Symbiotrophic RAF exhibited higher relative abundances than saprotrophic fungi in both soil layers. Beta-diversity of RAF was mainly due to turnover between organic and mineral soil and showed regional differences for symbiotrophic and saprotrophic fungi. Regional differences were also found for different phylogenetic levels, i.e., fungal orders and indicator species in the organic and mineral soil, supporting that habitat conditions strongly influence differentiation of RAF assemblages. Important exceptions were fungal orders that occurred irrespective of the habitat conditions in distinct soil layers across the biogeographic gradient: Russulales and Cantharellales (ectomycorrhizal fungi) were enriched in RAF assemblages in mineral soil, whereas saprotrophic Polyporales and Sordariales and ectomycorrhizal Boletales were enriched in RAF assemblages in the organic layer. These results underpin a phylogenetic signature for niche partitioning at the rank of fungal orders and suggest that RAF assembly entails two strategies encompassing flexible and territorial habitat colonization by different fungal taxa.

Preferential Edge Habitat Colonization by a Specialist Weevil, Rhinoncomimus latipes (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1466-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Hough-Goldstein ◽  
E. Lake ◽  
V. D'Amico ◽  
S. H. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Edge Habitat ◽  
Rhinoncomimus Latipes ◽  
Habitat Colonization

scholarly journals Plasticity To Environmental Conditions And Substrate Colonization Mediates The Invasion of Dreissenid False Mussels In Brackish Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio J. S. Rodrigues ◽  
Igor Christo Miyahira ◽  
Nathália Rodrigues ◽  
Danielle Ribeiro ◽  
Luciano Neves Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Artificial Substrates ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Substrate Use ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Habitat Colonization ◽  
Great Availability

Abstract False mussels are recognized as the brackish water equivalent of zebra mussels, although the abiotic and habitat conditions that mediate these invaders’ success are barely known. In this context, we aimed to evaluate the native and non-native geographical distribution of Mytilopsis species worldwide and assess biological traits, environmental condition, and habitat associated with false mussels in native and invaded systems. Our hypothesis is that Mytilopsis invasion is driven by species plasticity to environmental conditions and substrate use in brackish systems, where the colonization of non-native populations is favored by great availability of artificial substrates and tolerance to wide ranges of environmental conditions. Besides, this study provides the occurrence range and distribution patterns of Mytilopsis species within their introduced and native areas and tracks the spread of introduced populations worldwide. Considering the five species evaluated, M. leucophaeata and M. sallei are the most widespread, while M. adamsi, M. trautwineana, and M. africana showed more restricted geographic distribution. In the last decades, M. leucophaeata and M. sallei consolidated and expanded their distributions. Environmental conditions were significantly different between native and non-native areas, where Mytilopsis populations presented significantly higher densities. Non-native populations exhibited remarkable plasticity concerning habitat colonization that was more frequent on artificial substrata. Mytilopsis populations presented significant differences on their biological traits, habitat environmental conditions, and substrate use between native and non-native areas. These species seem to adapt to the conditions of invaded systems, changing their preferences, which reflects plasticity and suggests a potential shift of their realized niches.

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