scholarly journals High gene flow in two thrips-pollinated South-East Asian pioneer trees: genetic diversity and population structure ofMacaranga hypoleucaandM. beccariana(Euphorbiaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 173 (4) ◽  
pp. 606-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Guicking ◽  
Brigitte Fiala ◽  
Tim Kröger-Kilian ◽  
Maryati Mohamed ◽  
Kurt Weising
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
East Asian ◽  
High Gene Flow ◽  
Pioneer Trees ◽  
High Gene

scholarly journals Going with the flow: analysis of population structure reveals high gene flow shaping invasion pattern and inducing range expansion of Mikania micrantha in Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (7) ◽  
pp. 1113-1126
Author(s):  
Achyut Kumar Banerjee ◽  
Zhuangwei Hou ◽  
Yuting Lin ◽  
Wentao Lan ◽  
Fengxiao Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Mikania Micrantha ◽  
High Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Pattern ◽  
High Gene

Abstract Background and Aims Mikania micrantha, a climbing perennial weed of the family Asteraceae, is native to Latin America and is highly invasive in the tropical belt of Asia, Oceania and Australia. This study was framed to investigate the population structure of M. micrantha at a large spatial scale in Asia and to identify how introduction history, evolutionary forces and landscape features influenced the genetic pattern of the species in this region. Methods We assessed the genetic diversity and structure of 1052 individuals from 46 populations for 12 microsatellite loci. The spatial pattern of genetic variation was investigated by estimating the relationship between genetic distance and geographical, climatic and landscape resistances hypothesized to influence gene flow between populations. Key Results We found high genetic diversity of M. micrantha in this region, as compared with the genetic diversity parameters of other invasive species. Spatial and non-spatial clustering algorithms identified the presence of multiple genetic clusters and admixture between populations. Most of the populations showed heterozygote deficiency, primarily due to inbreeding, and the founder populations showed evidence of a genetic bottleneck. Persistent gene flow throughout the invasive range caused low genetic differentiation among populations and provided beneficial genetic variation to the marginal populations in a heterogeneous environment. Environmental suitability was found to buffer the detrimental effects of inbreeding at the leading edge of range expansion. Both linear and non-linear regression models demonstrated a weak relationship between genetic distance and geographical distance, as well as bioclimatic variables and environmental resistance surfaces. Conclusions These findings provide evidence that extensive gene flow and admixture between populations have influenced the current genetic pattern of M. micrantha in this region. High gene flow across the invaded landscape may facilitate adaptation, establishment and long-term persistence of the population, thereby indicating the range expansion ability of the species.

Population structure of the Dover sole, Solea solea L., in a background of high gene flow

1998 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Exadactylos ◽  
Audrey J Geffen ◽  
John P Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
High Gene Flow ◽  
Solea Solea ◽  
High Gene ◽  
Dover Sole

scholarly journals Gender-based Genetic Variability of Ailanthus excelsa Roxb, Populations Using, RAPD, ISSR and SCoT Markers

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Shabnam Bano ◽  
Sumaiya Ansari ◽  
Meena Choudhary ◽  
U. K. Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Ailanthus Excelsa ◽  
High Gene Flow ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
High Gene ◽  
Gender Based

Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. is an economically important and multipurpose dioecious tree species of India, mainly used for fodder and timber. Gender-based genetic diversity of five populations of two sites (Jodhpur, Rajasthan and Deesa, Gujarat) of A. excelsa was assessed. A total of 42 RAPD, 20 ISSR and 23 SCoT primers were screened for DNA amplification of 232 individuals. Out of which only 25 primers (13 RAPD, 6 ISSR and 6 SCoT) were found polymorphic. The SCoT markers were showed the highest value for PIC, MI, Rp value, Nei’s gene diversity and Shannon’s index, as compared with the other two markers. Female individuals in all five populations had slightly higher genetic diversity as compared with male individuals. A high level of genetic diversity (55%) was detected within the populations of male and female individuals. High gene flow (6.70) and low genetic differentiation (0.069) values were found between Jodhpur and Deesa sites. Principal component analysis for all populations were accounted for 48.7% of the genetic variation. The Mantel test showed significant correlation (R = 0.178, P = .01) between genetic and geographic distances. The present study showed that SCoT markers were best for genetic diversity assessment in A. excelsa over RAPD and ISSR markers. High gene flow and low genetic differentiation in A. excelsa indicates its poor population fragmentation despite long geographic distances.

scholarly journals Using population genetic tools to develop a control strategy for feral cats (Felis catus) in Hawai'i

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Hansen ◽  
Steven C. Hess ◽  
David Cole ◽  
Paul C. Banko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Population Genetics ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Genetic Tools ◽  
High Gene Flow ◽  
High Gene

Population genetics can provide information about the demographics and dynamics of invasive species that is beneficial for developing effective control strategies. We studied the population genetics of feral cats on Hawai‘i Island by microsatellite analysis to evaluate genetic diversity and population structure, assess gene flow and connectivity among three populations, identify potential source populations, characterise population dynamics, and evaluate sex-biased dispersal. High genetic diversity, low structure, and high number of migrants per generation supported high gene flow that was not limited spatially. Migration rates revealed that most migration occurred out of West Mauna Kea. Effective population size estimates indicated increasing cat populations despite control efforts. Despite high gene flow, relatedness estimates declined significantly with increased geographic distance and Bayesian assignment tests revealed the presence of three population clusters. Genetic structure and relatedness estimates indicated male-biased dispersal, primarily from Mauna Kea, suggesting that this population should be targeted for control. However, recolonisation seems likely, given the great dispersal ability that may not be inhibited by barriers such as lava flows. Genetic monitoring will be necessary to assess the effectiveness of future control efforts. Management of other invasive species may benefit by employing these population genetic tools.

scholarly journals Population genetics of Anopheles arabiensis, the primary malaria vector in the Republic of Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mashair Sir El Khatim Mustafa ◽  
Zairi Jaal ◽  
Sumia Abu Kashawa ◽  
Siti Azizah Mohd Nor
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Anopheles Arabiensis ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
High Gene Flow ◽  
High Gene

Abstract Background Anopheles arabiensis is a member of Anopheles gambiae complex and the main malaria vector in Sudan. There is insufficient population genetics data available on An. arabiensis for an understanding of vector population structure and genetics, which are important for the malaria vector control programmes in this country. The objective of this investigation is to study the population structure, gene flow and isolation by distance among An. arabiensis populations for developing control strategies. Methods Mosquitoes were collected from six sites located in three different states in Sudan, Khartoum, Kassala and Sennar, using pyrethrum spray catch of indoor resting mosquitoes. Anopheline mosquitoes were identified morphologically and based on species specific nucleotide sequences in the ribosomal DNA intergenic spacers (IGS). Seven published An. gambiae microsatellite loci primers were used to amplify the DNA of An. arabiensis samples. Results PCR confirmed that An. arabiensis was the main malaria vector found in the six localities. Of the seven microsatellite loci utilized, six were found to be highly polymorphic across populations, with high allelic richness and heterozygosity with the remaining one being monomorphic. Deviation from Hardy–Weinberg expectations were found in 21 out of 42 tests in the six populations due to heterozygote deficiency. Bayesian clustering analysis revealed two gene pools, grouping samples into two population clusters; one includes four and the other includes two populations. The clusters were not grouped according to the three states but were instead an admixture. The genetic distances between pairs of populations ranged from 0.06 to 0.24. Significant FST was observed between all pairwise analyses of An. arabiensis populations. The Kassala state population indicated high genetic differentiation (FST ranged from 0.17 to 0.24) from other populations, including one which is also located in the same state. High gene flow (Nm = 1.6–8.2) was detected among populations within respective clusters but limited between clusters particularly with respect to Kassala state. There was evidence of a bottleneck event in one of the populations (Al Haj Yousif site). No isolation by distance pattern was detected among populations. Conclusions This study revealed low levels of population differentiation with high gene flow among the An. arabiensis populations investigated in Sudan, with the exception of Kassala state.

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