scholarly journals Music During Flexible Cystoscopy for Pain & Anxiety – A Patient Blinded Randomised Control Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
George McClintock ◽  
Eddy Wong ◽  
Pascal Mancuso ◽  
Nestor Lalak ◽  
Paul Gassner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Pain Anxiety ◽  
Flexible Cystoscopy

scholarly journals Parallel and serial mediation analysis between pain, anxiety, depression, fatigue and nausea, vomiting and retching within a randomised controlled trial in patients with breast and prostate cancer

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e026809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Charalambous ◽  
Margarita Giannakopoulou ◽  
Evaggelos Bozas ◽  
Lefkios Paikousis
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Pain Anxiety ◽  
Breast And Prostate Cancer ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveCancer treatment is a particularly stressful period for the patient. The reasons vary and include fear of treatment outcome as well as treatment induced side effects. The patient frequently experiences simultaneously various side effects resulting in a diminishing of the patient’s health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The study provides evidence on the co-occurrence and inter-relations between pain, anxiety, depression and fatigue in patients with breast and prostate cancer.DesignThis paper presents a secondary analysis of the data from a randomised control trial designed to test the effectiveness of guided imagery and progressive muscle relaxation on pain, fatigue, anxiety and depression. Non-parametric bootstrapping analyses were used to test the mediational model of anxiety, fatigue and depression as parallel mediators of the relationship between pain and HRQoL.SettingThe study was undertaken at the home setting.ParticipantsIn total 208 patients were included in the study (assigned equally in two groups), referred at the outpatient clinics of the three participating cancer care centres.ResultsThe three mediators fully mediate the relationship between pain and HRQoL indirect effect (IEoverall=−0.3839, 95% CI: lower limit (LL)=−0.5073 to upper limit (UL)=−0.2825) indicating that patients with increased pain are likely to have higher levels of anxiety, fatigue and depression. Gender significantly moderated the mediational effect of Fatigue Index of Moderated Mediation (IMM=−0.2867 SE=0.1526, LL=−0.6127, UL=−0.0226) but did not moderate mediational effect of anxiety (IMM=−0.0709, SE=0.1414, LL=−0.3459, UL=+0.2089). The results show that the three mediators in a serial causal order fully mediate the relationship between pain and HRQoL (IEoverall=−0.384, 95% CI: LL=−0.51 to UL=−0.284) and the ratio of the overall indirect effect to the total effect is 0.8315 (95% CI: LL=0.5683 to UL=1.1718).ConclusionThis work provides evidence that targeting fatigue, anxiety and depression may have a meaningful effect on pain as a related symptom and potentially have a positive impact on HRQoL of patients with breast and prostate cancerTrial registration numberNCT01275872; Post-results.

Phyto extracts of Carica papaya and Tinospora cordifolia can correct thrombocytopenia in alcoholic decompensate liver cirrhosis : Case Series

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar Panda
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Leaf Juice

Thrombocytopenia (platelet count less than 150 × 109/L) is a frequent complication of decompensate cirrhosis and is considered as an indicator of advanced disease. Carica papaya leaf juice has beneficial effect in thrombocytopenia associated with dengue. Tinospora cordifolia has been shown to prevent the fibrous tissue deposition of liver by modulation of kupffer cell activation. An attempt was taken to observe the usefulness of extract Carica papaya and Tinospora cordifolia in alcoholic decompensate cirrhosis. A market available product Cariden is easily available to the patients which contains Phyto extracts of Carica papaya 1100mg and Tinospora cordifolia 500mg. Phyto extracts of Carica papaya and Tinospora cordifolia can enhance the platelet count within 15 days and it can normalise the platelet within 90 days of therapy in all three cases. Further randomised control trial is suggested.

scholarly journals Parent and Clinician Views of Managing Children with Symptoms of a Lower Respiratory Tract Infection and Their Influence upon Decisions to Take Part in a Placebo-Controlled Randomised Control Trial

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Catherine J. Woods ◽  
Zoe Morrice ◽  
Nick A. Francis ◽  
Paul Little ◽  
Theo Verheij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Parent Attitudes ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Interview Studies ◽  
Safety Netting

Children presenting with uncomplicated lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) commonly receive antibiotics despite public campaigns on antibiotic resistance. Qualitative interview studies were nested in a placebo-controlled trial of amoxicillin for LRTI in children. Thirty semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with sixteen parents and fourteen clinicians to explore views of management and decisions to participate in the trial. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Parents found it difficult to interpret symptoms and signs, and commonly used the type of cough (based on sound) to judge severity, highlighting the importance of better information to support parents. Provision of a clinical examination and reassurance regarding illness severity were key motivations for consulting. Many parents now acknowledge that antibiotics should only be used when ‘necessary’, and clinicians reported noticing a shift in parent attitudes with less demand for antibiotics and greater satisfaction with clinical assessment, reassurance and advice. Decisions to take part in the trial were influenced by the perceived risks associated with allocation to a placebo, and concerns about unnecessary use of antibiotics. Clear communication about self-management and safety-netting were identified as important when implementing ‘no antibiotic’ prescribing strategies to reassure parents and to support prescribing decisions.

scholarly journals The influence of supraliminal priming on energy density of food selection: a randomised control trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Schlegel ◽  
Sharon A. Carstairs ◽  
Gozde Ozakinci
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Overweight Adults ◽  
University Athletes

Abstract Background Many people exercise because they know it is good for their health. Although this is true, it can make us feel deserving of a reward and lead us to eat more indulgent, less healthy food than if we had not done any exercise. Generally, lower energy-dense (LED) foods are recognised as healthier choices than higher energy-dense (HED) options. Despite our intention to make healthy choices, seeing tempting higher-calorie foods on offer often side-tracks us. Priming is a psychological tool that makes specific changes to our environment that remind us of our motivation to be healthy. This makes it easier to choose a healthier option, by nudging us towards it without us even realising. However, it is currently unclear which method of priming achieves the best results. Aims Our study explores whether priming people to expect they will receive LED food leads them to make this healthier choice after exercise, even when also offered tempting less healthy HED foods at the moment of selection. Methods Our study observed the foods selected by university athletes after their sports matches. Before the match, half of the participants were primed by asking them to choose a LED snack from the options we offered, which they would receive after the match. The remaining half of participants were not asked this same question. To distract the athletes from our observation of their food choices, participants completed a task prior to choosing their snack, which was disguised as a ‘thank you’ for taking part. Results Overall, we found the priming group did not choose LED foods significantly more than the control group, hence priming did not increase LED food selection. Conclusion Importantly, our results indicate that priming must be more noticeable to achieve its goal. Additionally, we demonstrated that priming may be less successful for young athletic individuals, compared to older and more overweight adults recruited in other studies. This highlights the importance of studying a broader demographic range of individuals from the general population. We support future research into this area, which will help us to tweak priming to achieve the best outcomes. Trial registration ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN74601698. Date registered: 02/10/2020 (retrospectively registered).

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