scholarly journals Intolerance of uncertainty and novelty facilitated extinction: The impact of reinforcement schedule

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Wake ◽  
Helen Dodd ◽  
Jayne Morriss
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Schedule ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Intolerance of uncertainty and novelty facilitated extinction: The impact of reinforcement schedule

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Jade Wake ◽  
Helen Dodd ◽  
Jayne Morriss
Keyword(s):  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Reinforcement Schedule ◽  
Skin Conductance Response ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Extinction Learning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Novel Associations

Individuals who score high in Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) display reduced threat extinction learning and retention. Recently, it was shown that replacing threat associations with novel associations (i.e. presenting a novel non-aversive tone 100% of the time vs. presenting nothing) can promote threat extinction retention in individuals with high IU. This effect could be driven by the tone’s novelty or reliability. Here we seek to address this question by adjusting the reliability via the reinforcement schedule of the novel tone. We propose to measure skin conductance response during an associative learning task in which participants (n = 90) will be assigned to one of three conditions; standard extinction, 100% reinforcement NFE or 50% reinforcement NFE. This work will further our understanding of the role novelty, reliability and IU in threat extinction. Ultimately, this research will inform future models of IU and clinical treatments of anxiety and stress disorders.

scholarly journals P091 The impact of cognitive fitness and gender on sleep quantity and timing and mental health of competitive athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A50-A51
Author(s):  
L Mascaro ◽  
S Drummond ◽  
J Leota ◽  
J Boardman ◽  
D Hoffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Sleep Quantity ◽  
Competitive Athletes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Mental fitness is increasingly considered key to an athlete’s competitive arsenal. Its active ingredients include cognitive fitness factors, such as impulse control, and recovery factors, such as sleep, which may differ between male and female athletes. Our study investigated: 1) gender differences in cognitive fitness; and 2) the associations of gender and cognitive fitness with sleep and mental health in competitive athletes during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods 84 athletes competing at levels from regional/state to international (42F, mean age=23.2) completed a questionnaire battery containing validated measures of: a) depression, anxiety, and stress; b) sleep (Total Sleep Time, Sleep Latency, mid-sleep time on training- and competition-free days); and c) self-control, intolerance of uncertainty, and impulsivity (representing cognitive fitness constructs). Results Female athletes reported significantly higher depression, anxiety, and stress, a later mid-sleep time on free days, lower self-control, higher intolerance of uncertainty, and higher positive urgency impulsivity compared with male athletes. Self-control was negatively associated, and intolerance of uncertainty was positively associated, with depression, anxiety, and mid-sleep time on free days. Discussion Female athletes in our sample reported poorer mental health and cognitive fitness, and later sleeping times on free days. Greater cognitive fitness was associated with better mental health, independent of gender. Overall, these findings are consistent with prior work in community samples. Future work should examine the source(s) of these gender differences. If replicated, our findings would suggest a need to develop interventions aimed at improving athlete well-being, potentially with a particular focus on female athletes.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON MENTAL HEALTH AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
Jung Nam Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
National Level ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Impact

This descriptive study provides basic data for developing a mental health promotion program by analyzing the mental health status under the impact of COVID-19 and verifying the factors affecting mental health. This study aims to identify the prevalence and associated factors of mental health after the COVID-19 pandemic. An online survey was conducted targeting a total of 156 Korean adults aged 19~64 years. Using the SPSS Win 19.0 program, the frequency, mean, t-test or ANOVA, X2-test, linear regression, and logistic regression analysis were performed. A total of 31.4%, 20.5%, and 12.8% of all subjects classified depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation risk, respectively, and intolerance of uncertainty affected depression (β = .51) and anxiety (β = .63). In addition to intolerance of uncertainty, self-efficacy (β = -.16) was a factor affecting depression. The variables explain 35% of depression and 44% of anxiety. Further, employment status affected suicidal ideation, which increased the risk of suicidal ideation 2.71-fold with unemployed status. This paper is novel because it seeks to find that the intolerance of uncertainty was the common factor affecting mental health during COVID-19. The early detection of risk due to COVID-19 and the intolerance of uncertainty are common factors underlying mental health issues, underscoring the need for cognitive interventions at the individual level and sufficient information and psychological support related to the COVID-19 at the national level.

Brief Report: The Impact of Sensory Hypersensitivity and Intolerance of Uncertainty on Anxiety in Williams Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 3958-3964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Uljarević ◽  
Izelle Labuschagne ◽  
Rebecca Bobin ◽  
Anna Atkinson ◽  
Darren R. Hocking
Keyword(s):  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Sensory Hypersensitivity ◽  
The Impact

The impact of intolerance of uncertainty on anxiety after receiving an informational intervention about HPV: A randomised controlled study

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 651-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie O. Rosen ◽  
Bärbel Knäuper ◽  
Pasqualina Di Dio ◽  
Eleshia Morrison ◽  
Reena Tabing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
Informational Intervention ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Your guess is as good as mine: Assessing physiological markers of fear and anxiety to the unknown in individuals with varying levels of intolerance of uncertainty

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayne Morriss ◽  
Nicolò Biagi ◽  
Helen Dodd
Keyword(s):  
Skin Conductance Response ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Corrugator Supercilii ◽  
Startle Blink ◽  
N 93 ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
Physiological Markers ◽  
The Impact

Individuals who score high in Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) have a tendency to find uncertainty and the unknown aversive. However, there is a dearth of literature on the extent to which known vs. unknown threat induce fear and anxiety in individuals with high IU. Here we seek to address this question by varying the level of known and unknown threat using a modified version of the NPU-threat test. We will use the standard instructed conditions of the NPU-threat test (known unpredictable shock, known predictable shock and known no shock), as well as an uninstructed condition (unknown threat). We propose to measure ratings, skin conductance response, pupil dilation, orbicularis occuli (startle blink reflex) and corrugator supercilii activity during the modified NPU-threat test (n = 93). This work will further our understanding of the impact of known and unknown threat upon physiological markers of fear and anxiety in IU. Ultimately, this research will inform future models of IU and clinical treatments of anxiety and stress disorders.

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