How long do patients with hidradenitis suppurativa gain benefit from biologic drugs?

2021 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fareesa Shuja ◽  
C. Stanley Chan ◽  
Ted Rosen

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1759720X1989548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costas A Constantinou ◽  
George E Fragoulis ◽  
Elena Nikiphorou

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease mainly affecting areas rich in apocrine glands. Clinically, is characterized by painful subcutaneous nodules and if left untreated to pus secretion, abscess and fistula formation. Its frequency is estimated to be 0.5–4% of the general population, affecting women more often. Pathogenesis of HS is still not clearly defined. It seems to be a combination of genetic factors with alterations in the skin microbiome. Furthermore, at tissue (i.e. skin) as well as at serum level, several inflammatory cytokines are upregulated. The most important of the latter are tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-17, and IL-23. Adding another level of complexity, it has been suggested that keratinocytes might be intrinsically activated, contributing also to the observed inflammation. Interestingly, it has been noted that frequency of HS is increased in some autoimmune rheumatic diseases, such as spondyloarthropathies (SpA). Of note, both HS and SpA have relatively strong association with metabolic diseases and obesity implying that there are indeed some common underlying pathophysiological pathways. Although no specific microbe has been identified, alterations in the microbiome of the skin of these patients have been reported. Of note, microbes with a capability for biofilm formation are abundant. Treatment of HS among others, include antibiotics as well as biologic drugs targeting TNF and other cytokines and used for autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Herein, we review the current evidence on links between HS and autoimmune diseases and infectious diseases with a focus on epidemiology and pathophysiology.


2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (9) ◽  

Introduction: Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic recurrent inflammatory, suppurative, and fistulising disease of apocrine glands, adjacent anal canal and soft tissues. Perianal area is the second most common affected area after axilla. There are three grades of the disease. Hidradenitis suppurativa represents a chronic, recurrent, deep-seated folliculitis resulting in abscesses, followed by the formation of sinus tracts and subsequent scarring. Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa is the last and the most serious grade of the disease and a specific access is needed for patient preparation and surgical treatment alone. The currently preferred method of treatment for patients with extensive perianal hidradentitis is excision and closure with combination of skin flaps, primary suture and skin graft in one or two stages. Case reports: There are three case reports of perianal hidradenitis suppurativa in this article. The local and overall initial treatment of patients followed by a radical excision and closure with a rotation skin flaps and skin grafts is described. The final results were satisfactory, with no recurrence or serious complication.


Author(s):  
Andrea Chiricozzi ◽  
Giulia Giovanardi ◽  
Dante R. Caposiena Caro ◽  
Michela Iannone ◽  
Clara De Simone ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Emanuele Scala ◽  
Anna Balato ◽  
Claudio Marasca ◽  
Roberta Di Caprio ◽  
Annunziata Raimondo ◽  
...  

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