scholarly journals Most associations of early‐life environmental exposures and genetic risk factors poorly differentiate between eczema phenotypes: the Generation R Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 181 (6) ◽  
pp. 1190-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hu ◽  
L. Duijts ◽  
N.S. Erler ◽  
N.J. Elbert ◽  
C. Piketty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
Genetic Risk Factors ◽  
Poorly Differentiate

scholarly journals The importance of gene–environment interactions in human obesity

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 (18) ◽  
pp. 1571-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hudson Reddon ◽  
Jean-Louis Guéant ◽  
David Meyre
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
Genetic Risk Factors ◽  
Human Obesity ◽  
Methodological Challenges ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
The Impact

Current research has identified several environmental exposures that can moderate the impact of genetic risk factors on obesity. This paper reviews these studies (gene–environment interactions) in the obesity field and outlines the methodological challenges of these investigations.

scholarly journals Environmental Risk Factors for Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder and Their Relationship to Genetic Risk: Current Knowledge and Future Directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natassia Robinson ◽  
Sarah E. Bergen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
Genetic Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Early Gene

Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are severe psychiatric disorders which result from complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. It is well-established that they are highly heritable disorders, and considerable progress has been made identifying their shared and distinct genetic risk factors. However, the 15–40% of risk that is derived from environmental sources is less definitively known. Environmental factors that have been repeatedly investigated and often associated with SZ include: obstetric complications, infections, winter or spring birth, migration, urban living, childhood adversity, and cannabis use. There is evidence that childhood adversity and some types of infections are also associated with BD. Evidence for other risk factors in BD is weaker due to fewer studies and often smaller sample sizes. Relatively few environmental exposures have ever been examined for SZ or BD, and additional ones likely remain to be discovered. A complete picture of how genetic and environmental risk factors confer risk for these disorders requires an understanding of how they interact. Early gene-by-environment interaction studies for both SZ and BD often involved candidate genes and were underpowered. Larger samples with genome-wide data and polygenic risk scores now offer enhanced prospects to reveal genetic interactions with environmental exposures that contribute to risk for these disorders. Overall, although some environmental risk factors have been identified for SZ, few have been for BD, and the extent to which these account for the total risk from environmental sources remains unknown. For both disorders, interactions between genetic and environmental risk factors are also not well understood and merit further investigation. Questions remain regarding the mechanisms by which risk factors exert their effects, and the ways in which environmental factors differ by sex. Concurrent investigations of environmental and genetic risk factors in SZ and BD are needed as we work toward a more comprehensive understanding of the ways in which these disorders arise.

1655-P: Genetic Risk Factors for Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1655-P
Author(s):  
SOO HEON KWAK ◽  
JOSEP M. MERCADER ◽  
AARON LEONG ◽  
BIANCA PORNEALA ◽  
PEITAO WU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Genetic Risk Factors ◽  
Incident Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Diabetes Patients

107-OR: Novel Genetic Risk Factors Influence Islet Autoimmunity Progression

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 107-OR
Author(s):  
SUNA ONENGUT-GUMUSCU ◽  
UMA DEVI PAILA ◽  
WEI-MIN CHEN ◽  
AAKROSH RATAN ◽  
ZHENNAN ZHU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Genetic Risk Factors ◽  
Islet Autoimmunity
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