Epithelial barrier dysfunctions in atopic dermatitis: a skin-gut-lung model linking microbiome alteration and immune dysregulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 179 (3) ◽  
pp. 570-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.H. Zhu ◽  
T.R. Zhu ◽  
K.A. Tran ◽  
R.K. Sivamani ◽  
V.Y. Shi
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Immune Dysregulation ◽  
Lung Model ◽  
Epithelial Barrier

Adult-Onset Atopic Dermatitis: Presentations and Progress

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-272
Author(s):  
Airiss R. Chan ◽  
Vijay K. Sandhu ◽  
Aaron M. Drucker ◽  
Patrick Fleming ◽  
Charles W. Lynde
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Immune Dysregulation ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Chronic Skin ◽  
Chronic Skin Disease

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disease characterized by barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation that affects approximately 20% of children and 2-5% of adults worldwide. Traditionally, AD has been considered a disease of childhood with many cases resolving before adulthood. However, in recent years, the prevalence of adult AD is increasingly recognized to be substantial, but it is uncertain whether this increase is due to increased childhood-persistent or relapsed AD, or new adult-onset AD. This highlights a need for further investigation into the adult AD population and evaluation of phenotypes in the adult-onset cohort. In this literature review, we examine five studies focused on adult-onset AD phenotype, conducted between 2013 and 2017. The most commonly reported body regions affected in adult-onset AD were the hands, eyelids, neck, and flexural surfaces of the upper limbs. These vary from childhood-onset AD findings, which are less specific to body regions other than flexural areas. These findings have implications for diagnostic accuracy and treatment of AD, including considerations for therapeutic choices and inclusion and exclusion criteria in clinical trials.

scholarly journals The Keratinocyte as a Crucial Cell in the Predisposition, Onset, Progression, Therapy and Study of the Atopic Dermatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10661
Author(s):  
Pamela Gallegos-Alcalá ◽  
Mariela Jiménez ◽  
Daniel Cervantes-García ◽  
Eva Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Immune Dysregulation ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Skin Microbiota ◽  
External Agents ◽  
Chronic Skin ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules

The keratinocyte (KC) is the main functional and structural component of the epidermis, the most external layer of the skin that is highly specialized in defense against external agents, prevention of leakage of body fluids and retention of internal water within the cells. Altered epidermal barrier and aberrant KC differentiation are involved in the pathophysiology of several skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD). AD is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by cutaneous and systemic immune dysregulation and skin microbiota dysbiosis. Nevertheless, the pathological mechanisms of this complex disease remain largely unknown. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the participation of the KC in different aspects of the AD. We provide an overview of the genetic predisposing and environmental factors, inflammatory molecules and signaling pathways of the KC that participate in the physiopathology of the AD. We also analyze the link among the KC, the microbiota and the inflammatory response underlying acute and chronic skin AD lesions.

scholarly journals Immune dysregulation and Th2 polarization are associated with atopic dermatitis in heart‐transplant children: A delicate balance between risk of rejection or atopic symptoms

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1536-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacobo López‐Abente ◽  
Esther Bernaldo‐de‐Quirós ◽  
Manuela Camino ◽  
Nuria Gil ◽  
Esther Panadero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Heart Transplant ◽  
Immune Dysregulation ◽  
Delicate Balance ◽  
Th2 Polarization

scholarly journals Skin Barrier Abnormalities and Immune Dysfunction in Atopic Dermatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabsik Yang ◽  
Jin Kyung Seok ◽  
Han Chang Kang ◽  
Yong-Yeon Cho ◽  
Hye Suk Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Immune Dysregulation ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Atopic Diseases ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Chronic Pruritus ◽  
And Function

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common and relapsing skin disease that is characterized by skin barrier dysfunction, inflammation, and chronic pruritus. While AD was previously thought to occur primarily in children, increasing evidence suggests that AD is more common in adults than previously assumed. Accumulating evidence from experimental, genetic, and clinical studies indicates that AD expression is a precondition for the later development of other atopic diseases, such as asthma, food allergies, and allergic rhinitis. Although the exact mechanisms of the disease pathogenesis remain unclear, it is evident that both cutaneous barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation are critical etiologies of AD pathology. This review explores recent findings on AD and the possible underlying mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis, which is characterized by dysregulation of immunological and skin barrier integrity and function, supporting the idea that AD is a systemic disease. These findings provide further insights for therapeutic developments aiming to repair the skin barrier and decrease inflammation.

Immune dysregulation in atopic dermatitis

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D Sinke ◽  
V.P.M.G Rutten ◽  
T Willemse
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Immune Dysregulation

Immune dysregulation in atopic dermatitis

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 451-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Miraglia del Giudice ◽  
Fabio Decimo ◽  
Salvatore Leonardi ◽  
Nunzia Maioello ◽  
Raffaele Amelio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Immune Dysregulation
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