Expression of innate immune defence genes in healthy and onychomycotic nail and stratum corneum

2017 ◽  
Vol 177 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.K. Mercer ◽  
T. Sairi ◽  
E. Sroka ◽  
H. Lamont ◽  
Y. Lawrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Defence ◽  
Defence Genes ◽  
Innate Immune Defence

Innate immune defence in the human gastrointestinal tract

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 903-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Dommett ◽  
Matthias Zilbauer ◽  
John T. George ◽  
Mona Bajaj-Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Defence ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Innate Immune Defence

Trained immunity: A smart way to enhance innate immune defence

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jos W.M. van der Meer ◽  
Leo A.B. Joosten ◽  
Niels Riksen ◽  
Mihai G. Netea
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Defence ◽  
Trained Immunity ◽  
Innate Immune Defence

A review of the innate immune defence of the human foetus and newborn, with the emphasis on antimicrobial peptides

2014 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 1000-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ylva Kai-Larsen ◽  
Gudmundur H. Gudmundsson ◽  
Birgitta Agerberth
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Defence ◽  
Human Foetus ◽  
Innate Immune Defence

Innate immune defence mechanisms of tench,Tinca tinca(L.), naturally infected with the tapewormMonobothrium wageneri

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. DEZFULI ◽  
A. LUI ◽  
L. GIARI ◽  
G. CASTALDELLI ◽  
A. P. SHINN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Defence ◽  
Tinca Tinca ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Innate Immune Defence ◽  
Tench Tinca Tinca

scholarly journals Nucleated Fish Erythrocyte Extracellular Traps (FEETs) release is an evolutionary conserved immune defence process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Rinaldi ◽  
Neila Alvarez de Haro ◽  
Andrew Paul Desbois ◽  
Calum T. Robb ◽  
Adriano G. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Ionophore ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Immune Defence ◽  
Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Proteins ◽  
Extracellular Traps ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Innate Immune Defence ◽  
Fish Erythrocyte

Fish erythrocytes remain nucleated for their life-span, unlike mammalian erythrocytes which undergo enucleation. Asides transportation of oxygen, fish erythrocytes are capable of several immune defence processes. Nucleated fish erythrocytes represent prime candidates for carrying out ETotic responses. ETosis is an evolutionary conserved innate immune defence process found in both vertebrates and invertebrates, which involves the extrusion of DNA studded with antimicrobial proteins into the extracellular space serving to trap and kill microorganisms. In this report, we demonstrate that fish erythrocytes isolated from Danio rerio (zebrafish) produce ETotic-like responses when exposed to chemical and physiological stimuli. Salmo salar (Atlantic salmon) erythrocytes produce similar ETotic responses. We have termed these ET-like formations Fish Erythrocyte Extracellular Traps (FEETs). Interestingly, we discovered that mammalian inducers of NETosis, such as the protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate and the calcium ionophore ionomycin induced FEETs. Moreover, we found that FEETs are dependent upon activation of PKC and generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Thus, this brief report represents the first demonstration that fish erythrocytes can exhibit ETotic-like responses, unveiling a previously unknown function of nucleated erythrocytes, and sheds new light on the innate immune arsenal of erythrocytes.

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